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94:0.1 (1027.1) »ì·½ Á¾±³ÀÇ Ãʱ⠼±»ýµéÀº ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿Í À¯¶ó½Ã¾ÆÀÇ °¡Àå ¸Ö¸® ¶³¾îÁø ºÎÁ·µé±îÁö ħÅõÇß°í,
»ç¶÷ÀÌ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ Çϳª´Ô ÇÑ ºÐÀ» ¹Ï°í ÀÇÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ½ÅÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ» ¾ò´Â µ¥ Ä¡¸£´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ °ªÀ̶ó´Â ¸¶Å°º¥Å¸ÀÇ º¹À½À»
´Ã ÀüÆÄÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÌ ¾Æºê¶óÇÔ°ú ÇÑ ¾à¼ÓÀº »ì·½°ú ´Ù¸¥ Á߽ɵé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¶°³ª°£ ¸ðµç Ãʱ⠼±ÀüÀÇ º»º¸±â¿´´Ù.
µ¿¹Ý±¸ Àüü¿¡ ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» °¡Áö°í °£ ÀÌ °í±ÍÇÑ ³²³àµéº¸´Ù ¾î¶² Á¾±³¿¡µµ ´õ ¿½ÉÀÌ°í Àû±ØÀûÀÎ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ
°áÄÚ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ ÀÖÀº ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ ¼±±³»çµéÀº ¿©·¯ ¹ÎÁ·°ú Á¾Á·À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸ðÁýµÇ¾ú°í, ±×µéÀº ´ëü·Î °³Á¾ÇÑ
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»ì·½ Á¾±³¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡°í, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ÀÌ »ýµµµéÀ» ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¹ÎÁ· °¡¿îµ¥¼ ¼±»ýÀ¸·Î È°µ¿Ç϶ó°í ÀÓ¸íÇß´Ù.
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Paper 94
The Melchizedek Teachings
in the Orient
94:0.1 The early teachers of the Salem religion penetrated to
the remotest tribes of Africa and Eurasia, ever preaching Machiventa's
gospel of man's faith and trust in the one universal God as
the only price of obtaining divine favor. Melchizedek's covenant
with Abraham was the pattern for all the early propaganda that
went out from Salem and other centers. Urantia has never had
more enthusiastic and aggressive missionaries of any religion
than these noble men and women who carried the teachings of
Melchizedek over the entire Eastern Hemisphere. These missionaries
were recruited from many peoples and races, and they largely
spread their teachings through the medium of native converts.
They established training centers in different parts of the
world where they taught the natives the Salem religion and then
commissioned these pupils to function as teachers among their
own people.
¡ãTop
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1.
»ì·½ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ º£´Ù ½Ã´ë Àεµ¿¡ ¹ÌÄ£ ¿µÇâ
94:1.1 (1027.2) ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ ½ÃÀý¿¡, Àεµ´Â ±¹Á¦ÀûÀÎ ³ª¶ó¿´°í,
ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ºÏÂÊ°ú ¼ÂÊ¿¡¼ ħ°øÇÏ´Â ¾Æ¸®¾È°ú ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ Á¤Ä¡Àû¤ýÁ¾±³Àû Áö¹è¸¦ ¹Þ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. À̶§ ¹Ýµµ¿¡¼ ¿ÀÁ÷
ºÏÂÊ°ú ¼ÂÊ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÌ ³Î¸® ½º¸çµé¾ú´Ù. º£´Ù ½Ã´ë¿¡ »õ·Î ¿Â ÀÌ À̹εéÀº ±×µéÀÇ ¸¹Àº ºÎÁ· ½ÅÀ» °¡Á®¿Ô´Ù.
±×µéÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ¿¹¹è ÇüÅ´Â, ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ »çÁ¦·Î¼ ¾î¸Ó´Ï´Â ¿©»çÁ¦·Î¼ È°µ¿ÇÏ°í, °¡Á·ÀÇ È·Î(ûýÖÓ)°¡ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ
Á¦´ÜÀ¸·Î¼ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ÀÌÀü¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¼±Á¶, ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ ¿¹½Ä dz½ÀÀ» °¡±îÀÌ µû¶ú´Ù.
94:1.2 (1027.3) º£´Ù ¼þ¹è´Â ±×¶§ ¼±»ýÀÌÀÚ »çÁ¦ÀÎ ºê¶ó¸¸ Ä«½ºÆ®ÀÇ ÁöÈÖ ÇÏ¿¡ ¼ºÀåÇÏ°í º¯ÇüÇÏ´Â
°úÁ¤À» ¹â°í ÀÖ¾ú°í, ÀÌ Ä«½ºÆ®´Â È®´ëµÇ´Â ¿¹¹è ÀǽĿ¡ Â÷Ãû °í»ß¸¦ Áã°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ Àεµ ºÏºÎ¿¡
ħÅõÇßÀ» ¶§, ¿¾ ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÇ ½Å 33¸íÀÇ È¥ÇÕÀÌ ÇÑâ ÁøÇàµÇ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
94:1.3 (1027.4) ÀÌ ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÇ ´Ù½Å±³´Â ÀÌÀüÀÇ ÀϽű³ÀÇ Åðȸ¦ °¡¸®Å°¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±×µéÀÌ ºÎÁ· ´ÜÀ§·Î
°¥¶óÁö°í °¢ ºÎÁ·ÀÌ ÀÚü°¡ ¸ð½Ã´Â ½ÅÀ» °¡ÁüÀ¸·Î ¸»¹Ì¾Ï¾Æ »ý°Ü³µ´Ù. ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÌ ÀÖ´ø ¸Þ¼ÒÆ÷Ÿ¹Ì¾Æ¿¡¼ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ
ÀϽű³¿Í »ïÀ§ÀÏü »ç»óÀÌ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÅðÈÇÑ °ÍÀº ±×¸®½ºµµ ÀÌÀü µÑ° õ³âÀÇ Ã³À½ ¸î ¼¼±â¿¡ ´Ù½Ã ÇÕ¼ºÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡
ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿©·¯ ½ÅÀÌ ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ÁÖ ´ô¿ì½º ÇÇŸ[1], º¯´ö½º·¯¿î °ø±â(ÍöѨ)ÀÇ ÁÖ Àεå¶ó, ±×¸®°í ¸Ó¸®°¡ ¼Â ´Þ¸°
ºÒÀÇ ½ÅÀÌ¿ä, ¶¥ÀÇ ÁÖÀÌ¸ç ´õ ÀÏÂï ÀÖ´ø »ïÀ§ÀÏü °³³äÀÇ ³²Àº ÈçÀûÀ» »ó¡ÇÏ´Â ¾Æ±×´Ï, ÀÌ »ïÀÚÀÇ ÅëÀÏµÈ Áöµµ
ÇÏ¿¡¼ ¸¸½ÅÀüÀ¸·Î Á¶Á÷µÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:1.4 (1027.5) ºÐ¸íÇÑ ÃÖ°í½Å±³ÀÇ[2] ¹ßÀüÀÌ ÁøÈµÈ ÀϽű³¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ±æÀ» ³õ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. °¡Àå
¿À·¡ µÈ ½Å ¾Æ±×´Ï´Â ÈçÈ÷ ¸¸½ÅÀü Àüü¿¡¼ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÎ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®·Î¼ ³ôÀÓÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ¶§¶§·Î ÇÁ¶óÀÚÆÄƼ¶ó ºÎ¸£°í
¶§·Î´Â ºê¶ó¸¶¶ó°í À̸§ÁöÀº, ¾Æ¹öÁö ½ÅÀÇ ¿ø¸®´Â ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦µéÀÌ ³ªÁß¿¡ »ì·½ ¼±»ýµé°ú ¹úÀÎ ½ÅÇÐ ÅõÀï¿¡¼ »ç¶óÁ®
¹ö·È´Ù. ºê¶ó¸¸Àº º£´ÙÀÇ ¸¸½ÅÀü Àüü¸¦ È°¼ºÈÇÏ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÌÀÚ ½ÅÀÌ µÇ´Â ¿ø¸®¶ó°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:1.5 (1028.1) »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀº ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ À¯ÀÏÇÑ Çϳª´Ô, ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ÃÖ°íÀÚ¸¦ ÀüÆÄÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ¹¦»ç´Â
¾Æ¹öÁö ºê¶ó¸¶°¡ ¸ðµç ½ÅÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀ̶ó´Â »õ·Î ž´Â °³³ä°ú ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÁ¶ÈµÇÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, »ì·½ÀÇ ±³¸®´Â ÀǽÄÀÌ
¾ø¾ú°í, µû¶ó¼ ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦ÀÇ ±³¸®¤ýÀüÅë¤ý°¡¸£Ä§°ú Á¤¸éÀ¸·Î Ãæµ¹Çß´Ù. ÀǽÄÀÇ Áؼö¿Í Èñ»ý¹° ¹ÙÄ¡´Â ¿¹½ÄÀº º°µµ·Î
ÇÏ°í, ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦µéÀº ¹ÏÀ½À» ÅëÇؼ ±¸¿ø¹Þ°í Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ» ¾ò´Â´Ù´Â »ì·½ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» °áÄÚ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ·Á ÇÏÁö
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
94:1.6 (1028.2) Çϳª´ÔÀ» ÀÇÁöÇÒ °Í°ú ¹ÏÀ½À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ±¸¿ø¹Þ±â¸¦ ºÎ¸£Â¢´Â ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ º¹À½À» ¹°¸®Ä£
°ÍÀº Àεµ(ìÔÓø)¿¡°Ô »ý»ç¸¦ Á¿ìÇÏ´Â ÀüȯÁ¡À» Ç¥½ÃÇß´Ù. »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀº º£´ÙÀÇ ¸ðµç ¿¾ ½ÅÀ» ¹Ï´Â ½Å¾ÓÀ»
¹ö¸®´Â µ¥ Å©°Ô ±â¿©ÇßÁö¸¸, ÁöµµÀÚ, °ð º£´Ù±³ÀÇ »çÁ¦µéÀº À¯ÀÏÇÑ Çϳª´Ô°ú ÇϳªÀÇ ´Ü¼øÇÑ ½Å¾ÓÀ» ºÎ¸£Â¢´Â ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ
°¡¸£Ä§À» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌ·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
94:1.7 (1028.3) ºê¶ó¸¸µéÀº »ì·½ ¼±»ýµé¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÏ·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ´ç´ëÀÇ ½Å¼ºÇÑ ±â·ÏµéÀ» Ãß·Á ³Â°í,
ÀÌ ¸ðÀ½Àº ³ªÁß¿¡ ÆíÁýµÇ¾î Çö´ë±îÁö ¸¯ º£´Ù·Î¼ ³»·Á¿Ô´Âµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº °¡Àå ¿À·¡ µÈ ½Å¼ºÇÑ Ã¥µé Áß¿¡ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.
ºê¶ó¸¸µéÀÌ ÀÚ±â³× ¿¹¹è Àǽİú Èñ»ýÀ» ±¸Ã¼ÈÇÏ°í ¸ð¾çÀ» °®Ãß°í, À̰͵éÀ» ±× ½ÃÀýÀÇ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ºÎ°úÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö¾¸¿¡
µû¶ó¼, µÑ°¤ý¼Â°¤ý³Ý° º£´Ù°¡ µÚµû¶ú´Ù. °¡Àå ÁÁÀº ¸éÀ» º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§, ÀÌ ±â·ÏµéÀº °³³äÀÇ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿ò°ú Áø¸®¸¦
Çì¾Æ¸®´Â ¸é¿¡¼ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¼ºÁúÀ» °¡Áø ¾î´À ´Ù¸¥ ¼öÁý¿¡µµ ÇÊÀûÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÑ Á¾±³°¡ Àεµ ³²ºÎ¿¡¼ ¼öõ
°¡Áö ¹Ì½Å°ú Á¦»ç¿Í ÀǽÄÀ¸·Î ¿À¿°µÇÀÚ, ±×°ÍÀº ÇÊ»ç Àΰ£ÀÌ ÀÏÂïÀÌ °³¹ßÇÑ ½ÅÇÐ Áß¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¾ó·è´ú·èÇÑ Ã¼°è·Î
Á¡Â÷ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¹Ù²Ù¾ú´Ù. º£´Ù¸¦ Çѹø °ËÅäÇÏ¸é »ç¶÷ÀÌ »ó»óÇÑ °Í °¡¿îµ¥ ½Å¿¡ °üÇÑ °¡Àå ³ôÀº °³³ä°ú °¡Àå ºñõÇÑ
°³³äÀ» ¾ó¸¶Å¾¿ µå·¯³¾ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[1] 94:1.3 Dyaus pitar´Â Á¦¿ì½º ¾Æ¹öÁö
¶Ç´Â ÁÖÇÇÅÍ[Jupiter]ÀÇ »ê½ºÅ©¸´ ¹ßÀ½À̶ó ÇÔ.
[2] 94:1.4 ÃÖ°í½Å±³ : ´Ù½Å±³¿¡¼ ÀϽű³·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡´Â °úÁ¤¿¡ ¿©·¯ ½ÅÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀÚ±â³× ½ÅÀÌ ÃÖ°íÀÇ
½ÅÀ̶ó´Â ¹ÏÀ½. º¸Åë »çÀü¿¡ henotheismÀ» ´ÜÀϽű³¶ó ÇÏÁö¸¸ ÀϽű³¿Í ±¸º°ÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Æ Á¤È®ÇÑ ¶æÀ»
ÀüÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
¡ãTop
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1. The Salem
Teachings in Vedic India
94:1.1 In the days of Melchizedek, India
was a cosmopolitan country which had recently come under the
political and religious dominance of the Aryan-Andite invaders
from the north and west. At this time only the northern and
western portions of the peninsula had been extensively permeated
by the Aryans. These Vedic newcomers had brought along with
them their many tribal deities. Their religious forms of worship
followed closely the ceremonial practices of their earlier Andite
forebears in that the father still functioned as a priest and
the mother as a priestess, and the family hearth was still utilized
as an altar.
94:1.2 The Vedic cult was then in process of growth and metamorphosis
under the direction of the Brahman caste of teacher-priests,
who were gradually assuming control over the expanding ritual
of worship. The amalgamation of the onetime thirty-three Aryan
deities was well under way when the Salem missionaries penetrated
the north of India.
94:1.3 The polytheism of these Aryans represented a degeneration
of their earlier monotheism occasioned by their separation into
tribal units, each tribe having its venerated god. This devolution
of the original monotheism and trinitarianism of Andite Mesopotamia
was in process of resynthesis in the early centuries of the
second millennium before Christ. The many gods were organized
into a pantheon under the triune leadership of Dyaus pitar,
the lord of heaven; Indra, the tempestuous lord of the atmosphere;
and Agni, the three-headed fire god, lord of the earth and the
vestigial symbol of an earlier Trinity concept.
94:1.4 Definite henotheistic developments were paving the way
for an evolved monotheism. Agni, the most ancient deity, was
often exalted as the father-head of the entire pantheon. The
deity-father principle, sometimes called Prajapati, sometimes
termed Brahma, was submerged in the theologic battle which the
Brahman priests later fought with the Salem teachers. The Brahman
was conceived as the energy-divinity principle activating the
entire Vedic pantheon.
94:1.5 The Salem missionaries preached the one God of Melchizedek,
the Most High of heaven. This portrayal was not altogether disharmonious
with the emerging concept of the Father-Brahma as the source
of all gods, but the Salem doctrine was nonritualistic and hence
ran directly counter to the dogmas, traditions, and teachings
of the Brahman priesthood. Never would the Brahman priests accept
the Salem teaching of salvation through faith, favor with God
apart from ritualistic observances and sacrificial ceremonials.
94:1.6 The rejection of the Melchizedek gospel of trust in God
and salvation through faith marked a vital turning point for
India. The Salem missionaries had contributed much to the loss
of faith in all the ancient Vedic gods, but the leaders, the
priests of Vedism, refused to accept the Melchizedek teaching
of one God and one simple faith.
94:1.7 The Brahmans culled the sacred writings of their day
in an effort to combat the Salem teachers, and this compilation,
as later revised, has come on down to modern times as the Rig-Veda,
one of the most ancient of sacred books. The second, third,
and fourth Vedas followed as the Brahmans sought to crystallize,
formalize, and fix their rituals of worship and sacrifice upon
the peoples of those days. Taken at their best, these writings
are the equal of any other body of similar character in beauty
of concept and truth of discernment. But as this superior religion
became contaminated with the thousands upon thousands of superstitions,
cults, and rituals of southern India, it progressively metamorphosed
into the most variegated system of theology ever developed by
mortal man. An examination of the Vedas will disclose some of
the highest and some of the most debased concepts of Deity ever
to be conceived.
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2.
ºê¶ó¸¸±³
94:2.1 (1028.4) »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ ³²ÂÊÀ¸·Î µå¶óºñ´ÙÀÇ µ¥ÄÀ¸·Î
ÆÄ°í µé¾î°¨¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ±×µéÀº ½ÉÇØÁö´Â Ä«½ºÆ® Á¦µµ¿¡ ºÎ´ÚÃƴµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³ô¾ÆÁö´Â 2Â÷ »ê±ã ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ ¹°°áÀ»
Á÷¸éÇÏ¿© Á¾Á· ½ÅºÐÀÇ »ó½ÇÀ» ¸·À¸·Á´Â ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÇ °èȹÀ̾ú´Ù. ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦ Ä«½ºÆ®°¡ ÀÌ Ã¼°èÀÇ ¹Ù·Î ±× º»ÁúÀ̾ú±â
¶§¹®¿¡, ÀÌ »çȸ Áú¼´Â »ì·½ ¼±»ýµéÀÇ ÁøÀüÀ» ´ë´ÜÈ÷ Áö¿¬½ÃÄ×´Ù. ÀÌ Ä«½ºÆ® Á¦µµ´Â ¾Æ¸®¾Æ ¹ÎÁ·À» ±¸ÇÏÁö ¸øÇßÁö¸¸,
ºê¶ó¸¸À» ¿µ¼Ó½ÃÅ°´Â µ¥ ¼º°øÇß°í, ±×µéÀº ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Àεµ¿¡¼ ¿À´Ã³¯±îÁö Á¾±³ÀÇ ÁÖµµ±ÇÀ» À¯ÁöÇß´Ù.
94:2.2 (1028.5) ÀÌÁ¦, ´õ ³ôÀº Áø¸®¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÔÀ¸·Î º£´Ù ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¾àȵÇÀÚ, ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÇ Á¾ÆÄ´Â µ¥ÄÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
Á¡Á¡ ´õ ħÀÔÀ» ´çÇß´Ù. Á¾Á·ÀÌ ¸ê¸ÁÇÏ°í Á¾±³°¡ Á׾´Â ´ë¼¼¸¦ ¸·À¸·Á´Â Àý¸Á½º·¯¿î ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î, ºê¶ó¸¸ Ä«½ºÆ®´Â
ÀڽŵéÀ» ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ °Í À§¿¡ ³ôÀÌ·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù. ±×µéÀº ½Å¿¡°Ô Èñ»ý¹° ¹ÙÄ¡´Â °ÍÀº ±× ÀÚü·Î¼ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ È¿·ÂÀÌ
ÀÖ°í, ±× È¿´ÉÀÌ ¿ÂÅë °·ÂÇÏ´Ù°í °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù. ¿ìÁÖÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö ±âº» µÇ´Â ½Å¼ºÇÑ ¿øÄ¢ ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â ½Å ºê¶ó¸¸ÀÌ°í,
´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦¶ó°í ¼±Æ÷Çß´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ¾î¶² À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ ¹ÎÁ·µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼µµ »çÁ¦µéÀÌ ÀÚ±â³× ½Åµé À§¿¡ Àڱ⸦
³ôÀÌ°í, ½ÅµéÀÌ ¹ÞÀ» ¿µ¿¹¸¦ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °¡·ÎäÁö´Â ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×µéÀÌ ÀÌ ÁÖÁ¦³ÑÀº ÁÖÀåÀ¸·Î ³Ê¹« Å͹«´Ï ¾øÀÌ
±Ø´ÜÀûÀ¸·Î ¿ì°å±â ¶§¹®¿¡, µÑ·¯½Ñ ´ú Áøº¸µÈ ¿©·¯ ¹®¸íÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ñ¾ÆÁ® µé¾î¿Â Ÿ¶ôÇÏ´Â Á¾ÆÄµé ¾Õ¿¡¼, ±× ¾Æ½½¾Æ½½ÇÑ
ü°è°¡ Åë°·Î ¹«³ÊÁ³´Ù. ±¤´ëÇÑ º£´Ù »çÁ¦Á÷ ÀÚü°¡ ¹öµÕ°Å·È°í, ÀڽŵéÀÇ À̱âÀûÀÌ°í ÁöÇý·ÓÁö ¸øÇÑ ÁÖÁ¦³ÑÀº
ÁþÀÌ ¿Â Àεµ¿¡ °¡Á®¿Â, ¹«±â·Â°ú ºñ°üÁÖÀÇÀÇ °ËÀº ¹°°á ¹ØÀ¸·Î »ç¶óÁ³´Ù.
94:2.3 (1029.1) Àھƿ¡ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ÁýÁßÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº, »ç¶÷À̳ª Áü½ÂÀ̳ª ÀâÃʷμ ¿¬´Þ¾Æ À°½ÅȵǴ ³¡¾ø´Â
½Î¿ò¿¡¼, Àھư¡ ºñÁøÈ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ¿µ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù´Â µÎ·Á¿òÀ» È®½ÇÈ÷ ³º¾Ò´Ù. ž´Â ÀϽű³°¡ µÉ »·ÇÑ °Í¿¡ ºÎÂøµÉ
¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¸ðµç ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°´Â ½Å¾Ó Áß¿¡¼, ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ µå¶óºñ´ÙÀÇ µ¥Ä¿¡¼ ¿Â ÀÌ À±È¸(ëÌüß) ½Å¾Ó¡ªÈ¥ÀÌ ´Ù½Ã À°½ÅÈÇÑ´Ù´Â
±³¸®¡ªº¸´Ù ´õ ¾î¸®¼®¾î º¸ÀÌ´Â °ÍÀº ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ÁøÀú¸®³ª°í ´ÜÁ¶·Ó°Ô °Åµì À±È¸ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â ÀÌ °ü³äÀº ¿À·¡
°£Á÷Çß´ø Èñ¸Á, ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ º£´Ù ½Å¾ÓÀÇ ÀϺημ, Á×°í ³ª¼ ±¸¿ø ¹Þ°í ¿µÀû ½ÂÁøÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ´Â Èñ¸ÁÀ» ºÐÅõÇÏ´Â
ÇÊ»çÀڷκÎÅÍ »©¾Ñ¾Ò´Ù.
94:2.4 (1029.2) öÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¶÷À» ¼è¾àÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ °¡¸£Ä§ µÚ¿¡, ºê¶ó¸¸, °ð ¿Â âÁ¶ÀÇ ´ëÈ¥(ÓÞûë)°ú
Àý´ë·Î ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ¿© ¿ìÁÖÀÇ È޽İú ÆòÈ ¼Ó¿¡ Àá±èÀ¸·Î, ÀھƸ¦ ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ¹þ¾î³´Ù´Â ±³¸®°¡ ¹ß¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÇÊ»çÀÚÀÇ ¿å¸Á°ú
Àΰ£ÀÇ Æ÷ºÎ´Â ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î »©¾Ñ±â°í °ÅÀÇ Æı«µÇ¾ú´Ù. 2õ ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï ÀεµÀÇ »ó±Þ Áö¼ºÀº ¸ðµç ¿å¸Á¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª·Á°í
¾Ö½è°í, ±×·¡¼ ¿µÀû Àý¸ÁÀÇ »ç½½ ¼Ó¿¡ ¸¹Àº ÈùµÎ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ È¥À» ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ¼è°í¶ûÀ¸·Î ä¿î ÈÄÀÏÀÇ Á¾Æĵé°ú °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ
µé¾î¿Àµµ·Ï ¹®ÀÌ È°Â¦ ¿·È´Ù. ¸ðµç ¹®¸í °¡¿îµ¥¼, º£´ÙÀÇ ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀº »ì·½ÀÇ º¹À½À» ¹°¸®Ä£ °Í ¶§¹®¿¡ °¡Àå
²ûÂïÇÑ °ªÀ» Ä¡·¶´Ù.
94:2.5 (1029.3) Ä«½ºÆ®¸¸ °¡Áö°í ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÇ Á¾±³ ¹®È ü°è¸¦ ¿µ¼ÓÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú°í, µ¥ÄÀÇ ¿µîÇÑ
Á¾±³µéÀÌ ºÏÂÊ¿¡ ħÅõÇÏÀÚ, Àý¸Á°ú ³«½ÉÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿·È´Ù. ÀÌ ¾îµÎ¿î ½ÃÀý¿¡ ¾Æ¹« »ý¸íµµ Á×ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â Á¾ÆÄ°¡
ÀϾ°í, ±× µÚ·Î ´Ã Áö¼ÓÇÏ¿´´Ù. »õ·Î¿î Á¾Æĵé Áß¿¡¼ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀÌ ¹öÁ£ÀÌ ¹«½Å·ÐÀ̾ú°í, ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ±×·±
±¸¿øÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ »ç¶÷ÀÌ µµ¿ò ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í ³ë·ÂÇÏ¿© ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¸ðµç ºÒÇàÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐÀÇ ¸¹Àº
ºÎºÐ¿¡ µÎ·ç, ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§, ¾Æ´Ï ¾Æ´ãÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÇ ÀÜÀç°¡ ¿Ö°îµÇ¾î ³²Àº ÈçÀûÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
94:2.6 (1029.4) À̶§´Â ÈùµÎ ½Å¾ÓÀÇ Èı⠼º¼, °ð ºê¶ó¸¶³ª¿Í ¿ìÆÄ´Ï»þµå°¡ ¼öÁýµÈ ½ÃÀýÀ̾ú´Ù.
¸ö¼Ò ¹ÏÀ½À¸·Î À¯ÀÏÇÑ Çϳª´ÔÀ» üÇèÇÑ´Ù´Â °³ÀÎÀû Á¾±³ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ¹°¸®Ä¡°í, µ¥Ä¿¡¼ ¿Â, ºñõÇÏ°í »ç¶÷À» ¾àȽÃÅ°´Â
Á¾Æĵé°ú ±³¸®ÀÇ ¹°°á¿¡, ±×¸®°í ½ÅÀ» ÀΰÝÈÇÏ´Â »ý°¢°ú ȯ»ý(ü½ßæ) »ç»ó¿¡ ¿À¿°µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦µéÀº
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿À¿°½ÃÅ°´Â °ü³ä¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸Í·ÄÇÑ ¹ÝÀÀÀ» üÇèÇß´Ù. ÂüµÈ ½Çü¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÏ°í ã¾Æ³»·Á´Â ºÐ¸íÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
ºê¶ó¸¸µéÀº ÀεµÀÎÀÇ ½Å °³³ä¿¡¼ »ç¶÷ ´àÀº ¸ð½ÀÀ» ¾ø¾Ö´Â µ¥ Âø¼öÇßÁö¸¸, ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏ¸é¼ Çϳª´Ô °³³ä¿¡¼ ¼º°ÝÀ»
¾ø¾Ö´Â ²ûÂïÇÑ À߸ø¿¡ ºüÁ³À¸¸ç, ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽º ¾Æ¹öÁö¶ó´Â µå³ôÀº ¿µÀû ÀÌ»óÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¸¸¹°À» µÑ·¯½Î´Â Àý´ëÀÚ¶ó´Â
¾ÆµæÇÑ ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐÀû °ü³äÀ» °¡Áö°í ¼Ú¾Æ³µ´Ù.
94:2.7 (1029.5) ÀÚü¸¦ º¸Á¸ÇÏ·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ºê¶ó¸¸µéÀº ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ À¯ÀÏÇÑ Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¹°¸®ÃÆ°í, ÀÌÁ¦
±×µéÀº ºê¶ó¸¸, ºÐ¸íÄ¡ ¾Ê°í ¹ÌȤÀûÀΠöÇÐÀû ÀÚ¾Æ, ºñ¼º°ÝÀÌ°í ¹«·ÂÇÑ ±×°ÍÀ» °¡Á¤(Ê£ïÒ)ÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº
±× ºÒÇàÇÑ ³¯ºÎÅÍ 20¼¼±â±îÁö ÀεµÀÇ ¿µÀû »ýÈ°À» Èû¾ø°í ±â¿î ºüÁö°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
94:2.8 (1029.6) ºÒ±³°¡ Àεµ¿¡¼ ÀÏ¾î³ °ÍÀº ¿ìÆÄ´Ï»þµå¸¦ ±â·ÏÇÏ´ø ½ÃÀýÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª 1õ ³â
µ¿¾È ¼º°øÇߴµ¥µµ, ºÒ±³´Â ÈÄÀÏÀÇ ÈùµÎ±³¿Í °æÀïÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù. µµ´ö ¼öÁØÀÌ ´õ ³ô¾Ò´Âµ¥µµ, Ãʱ⿡ ºÒ±³ÀÇ Çϳª´Ô
¹¦»ç´Â ÈùµÎ±³º¸´Ùµµ ºÐ¸íÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, ÈùµÎ±³´Â ÀÛÀº ½Å, °³ÀÎÀ» »ó´ëÇÏ´Â ½ÅµéÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾Ë¶ó°¡ ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼
ÃÖ°íÀÇ Çϳª´ÔÀ̶ó´Â ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ °³³äÀ» °¡Áø, È£ÀüÀû À̽½¶÷±³ÀÇ µ¹Áø ¾Õ¿¡¼ ºÒ±³´Â Àεµ ºÏºÎ¿¡¼ ¸¶Ä§³» ±¼º¹Çß´Ù.
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2. Brahmanism
94:2.1 As the Salem missionaries penetrated
southward into the Dravidian Deccan, they encountered an increasing
caste system, the scheme of the Aryans to prevent loss of racial
identity in the face of a rising tide of the secondary Sangik
peoples. Since the Brahman priest caste was the very essence
of this system, this social order greatly retarded the progress
of the Salem teachers. This caste system failed to save the
Aryan race, but it did succeed in perpetuating the Brahmans,
who, in turn, have maintained their religious hegemony in India
to the present time.
94:2.2 And now, with the weakening of Vedism through the rejection
of higher truth, the cult of the Aryans became subject to increasing
inroads from the Deccan. In a desperate effort to stem the tide
of racial extinction and religious obliteration, the Brahman
caste sought to exalt themselves above all else. They taught
that the sacrifice to deity in itself was all-efficacious, that
it was all-compelling in its potency. They proclaimed that,
of the two essential divine principles of the universe, one
was Brahman the deity, and the other was the Brahman priesthood.
Among no other Urantia peoples did the priests presume to exalt
themselves above even their gods, to relegate to themselves
the honors due their gods. But they went so absurdly far with
these presumptuous claims that the whole precarious system collapsed
before the debasing cults which poured in from the surrounding
and less advanced civilizations. The vast Vedic priesthood itself
floundered and sank beneath the black flood of inertia and pessimism
which their own selfish and unwise presumption had brought upon
all India.
94:2.3 The undue concentration on self led certainly to a fear
of the nonevolutionary perpetuation of self in an endless round
of successive incarnations as man, beast, or weeds. And of all
the contaminating beliefs which could have become fastened upon
what may have been an emerging monotheism, none was so stultifying
as this belief in transmigration-the doctrine of the reincarnation
of souls¡ªwhich came from the Dravidian Deccan. This belief in
the weary and monotonous round of repeated transmigrations robbed
struggling mortals of their long-cherished hope of finding that
deliverance and spiritual advancement in death which had been
a part of the earlier Vedic faith.
94:2.4 This philosophically debilitating teaching was soon followed
by the invention of the doctrine of the eternal escape from
self by submergence in the universal rest and peace of absolute
union with Brahman, the oversoul of all creation. Mortal desire
and human ambition were effectually ravished and virtually destroyed.
For more than two thousand years the better minds of India have
sought to escape from all desire, and thus was opened wide the
door for the entrance of those later cults and teachings which
have virtually shackled the souls of many Hindu peoples in the
chains of spiritual hopelessness. Of all civilizations, the
Vedic-Aryan paid the most terrible price for its rejection of
the Salem gospel.
94:2.5 Caste alone could not perpetuate the Aryan religio-cultural
system, and as the inferior religions of the Deccan permeated
the north, there developed an age of despair and hopelessness.
It was during these dark days that the cult of taking no life
arose, and it has ever since persisted. Many of the new cults
were frankly atheistic, claiming that such salvation as was
attainable could come only by man's own unaided efforts. But
throughout a great deal of all this unfortunate philosophy,
distorted remnants of the Melchizedek and even the Adamic teachings
can be traced.
94:2.6 These were the times of the compilation of the later
scriptures of the Hindu faith, the Brahmanas and the Upanishads.
Having rejected the teachings of personal religion through the
personal faith experience with the one God, and having become
contaminated with the flood of debasing and debilitating cults
and creeds from the Deccan, with their anthropomorphisms and
reincarnations, the Brahmanic priesthood experienced a violent
reaction against these vitiating beliefs; there was a definite
effort to seek and to find true reality. The Brahmans set out
to deanthropomorphize the Indian concept of deity, but in so
doing they stumbled into the grievous error of depersonalizing
the concept of God, and they emerged, not with a lofty and spiritual
ideal of the Paradise Father, but with a distant and metaphysical
idea of an all-encompassing Absolute.
94:2.7 In their efforts at self-preservation the Brahmans had
rejected the one God of Melchizedek, and now they found themselves
with the hypothesis of Brahman, that indefinite and illusive
philosophic self, that impersonal and impotent it which has
left the spiritual life of India helpless and prostrate from
that unfortunate day to the twentieth century.
94:2.8 It was during the times of the writing of the Upanishads
that Buddhism arose in India. But despite its successes of a
thousand years, it could not compete with later Hinduism; despite
a higher morality, its early portrayal of God was even less
well-defined than was that of Hinduism, which provided for lesser
and personal deities. Buddhism finally gave way in northern
India before the onslaught of a militant Islam with its clear-cut
concept of Allah as the supreme God of the universe.
¡ãTop
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3.
ºê¶ó¸¸ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐ
94:3.1 (1030.1) ºê¶ó¸¸±³ÀÇ ÃÖ°í ´Ü°è¸¦ µµÀúÈ÷ Á¾±³¶ó ÇÒ ¼ö
¾øÁö¸¸, ±×°ÍÀº ÂüÀ¸·Î öÇаú ÇüÀÌ»óÇÐ ºÐ¾ß·Î ÇÊ»ç Áö¼ºÀÌ µµ´ÞÇÑ °¡Àå °í±ÍÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀÇ Çϳª¿´´Ù. ÃÖÁ¾ÀÇ ½Çü¸¦
ã¾Æ³»·Á°í ±æÀ» ¶°³µÀ¸´Ï±î, Á¾±³ÀÇ ±âº»Àû µÎ °¡Áö °³³äÀ» »©°í, ÀεµÀÇ Áö¼ºÀº ¸ØÃßÁö ¾Ê°í ½ÅÇÐÀÇ °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç
´Ü°è¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¼÷°íÇØ º¸¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ µÎ °³³äÀº ¿Â ¿ìÁÖÀÇ »ý¹°À» ÁöÀ¸½Å ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °Í, ±×¸®°í
¿µ¿øÇÑ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °Í °°ÀÌ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¿ÏÀüÇ϶ó°í ¸íÇϽŠ±× ¾Æ¹öÁö¿¡°Ô µµ´ÞÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö¾²´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ
»ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼ ½Âõ üÇèÀ» °Þ´Â »ç½ÇÀÌ´Ù.
94:3.2 (1030.2) ºê¶ó¸¸ÀÇ °³³äÀ» º¸¸é ±× ½ÃÀýÀÇ Áö¼ºÀÎÀº ¸¸¹°¿¡ ħÅõÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² Àý´ëÀÚ °ü³äÀ» ÂüÀ¸·Î
ºÙÀâ¾Ò´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ÀÌ °¡Á¤ÀÌ ÇѲ¨¹ø¿¡ âÁ¶ ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÌÀÚ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ̶ó°í °£ÁֵǾú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ºê¶ó¸¸Àº µµ¹«Áö
Á¤ÀÇ(ïÒëù)¸¦ ³»¸± ¼ö ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ̶ó »ý°¢µÇ¾ú°í, ¿ÀÁ÷ ¸ðµç À¯ÇÑÇÑ ¼ºÁúÀ» ¿¬´Þ¾Æ ºÎÁ¤ÇÔÀ¸·Î À̸¦ ÀÌÇØÇÒ ¼ö
ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÀÌ°ÍÀº, Àý´ë Á¸Àç, ¾Æ´Ï ¹«ÇÑÇÑ ¾î¶² Á¸À縦 ¹Ï´Â °ü³äÀ̾úÁö¸¸, ÀÌ °³³ä¿¡´Â ´ëü·Î ¼º°Ý
Ư¼ºÀÌ ºüÁ® ÀÖ°í, µû¶ó¼ °³º° ½ÅÀÚ°¡ À̸¦ üÇèÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
94:3.3 (1030.3) ºê¶ó¸¸ ³ª¶ó¾ß³ª´Â Àý´ëÀÚ, ¹«ÇÑÇÑ ½º½º·Î ÀÖ´Â ±×°Í, °ð ÀáÀç ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¿øÃÊÀû âÁ¶
ÀáÀç·ÂÀÌ¿ä, ¸ðµç ¿µ¿øÀ» ÅëÇؼ Á¤Àû(ð¡îÜ)À¸·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ÀáÀçÇÏ´Â ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ÀھƷΠ»ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. ´ç½ÃÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ
½Å °³³ä¿¡¼ ±× ´ÙÀ½ °ÉÀ½À» ³»µðµô ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù¸é, ºê¶ó¸¸ÀÌ ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ°í âÁ¶ÇÏ´Â ¼ºÁúÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ÁöÀ½¹Þ°í ÁøÈÇÏ´Â
Á¸ÀçµéÀÌ °¡±îÀÌÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇϳªÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀÚ¶ó°í »ý°¢ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù¸é, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ±×·¯ÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§Àº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ½Å¿¡
°üÇÑ °¡Àå Áøº¸µÈ ÃÊ»óÈ°¡ µÇ¾úÀ» ÅÍÀε¥, ÀÌ´Â ±× °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ ÃÑüÀû ½Å(ãê)ÀÇ È°µ¿¿¡¼ óÀ½ ´Ù¼¸ ¼öÁØÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í,
¾Æ¸¶µµ ³ª¸ÓÁö µÑÀ» »ó»óÇßÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
94:3.4 (1030.4) ¾î¶² ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ÇϳªÀÇ ¿ìÁÖ ´ëÈ¥(ÓÞûë)ÀÌ ¸ðµç »ý¹° Á¸À縦 ÇÕÄ£ °ÍÀÇ ÃÑü¶ó´Â
°³³äÀº ÀεµÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚµéÀ» ÃÖ»ó Á¸ÀçÀÇ Áø½Ç¿¡ ¹«Ã´ °¡±îÀÌ °¡µµ·Ï À̲ø¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Áø½ÇÀº ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¾Æ¹«
¼Ò¿ëÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Âµ¥, ±×µéÀÌ ºê¶ó¸¸ ³ª¶ó¾ß³ª¶ó´Â ÀÌ·ÐÀû ÀϽű³ ¸ñÇ¥¿¡ À̸£´Â µ¥ Ÿ´çÇϰųª ÇÕ¸®ÀûÀÎ ¾î¶² °³ÀÎÀû
Á¢±Ù¹ýµµ °³¹ßÇÏÁö ¸øÇ߱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
94:3.5 (1030.5) Àΰú °ü°èÀÇ ¿¬¼ÓÀ» ¸»ÇÏ´Â Ä«¸£¸¶ ¿øÄ¢Àº, ´Ù½Ã, ÃÖ»óÀ§ÀÇ ½Å °è½É ¾È¿¡ ½Ã°øÀÇ
¸ðµç ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ¿µÇâÀÌ ÅëÇյȴٴ Áø¸®¿Í ¾ÆÁÖ °¡±î¿ü´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ °¡Á¤Àº °áÄÚ °³º° ½ÅÀÚ°¡ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ³ª¶õÈ÷
½Å¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ´Â ±æÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, °Ü¿ì ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ´ëÈ¥ÀÌ ¸ðµç ÀΰÝÀ» ±Ã±Ø¿¡ »ïŲ´Ù°í¸¸ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
94:3.6 (1030.6) ºê¶ó¸¸±³ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀº ¶ÇÇÑ »ý°¢ Á¶ÀýÀÚÀÇ ±êµå½ÉÀ» °ÅÀÇ ±ú´ÞÀ» »·ÇßÁö¸¸, Áø¸®¸¦ ¿ÀÇØÇÔÀ¸·Î
Ÿ¶ôµÇ±â¸¸ Çß´Ù. È¥ÀÌ ºê¶ó¸¸ÀÇ ±êµå½ÉÀ̶ó´Â °¡¸£Ä§Àº, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¿ìÁÖÀÇ Çϳª°¡ ±êµå´Â °ÍÀ» Á¦Ãijõ°í, µû·Î Àΰ£ÀÇ
°³¼ºÀÌ ÀüÇô ¾ø´Ù´Â °ü³ä¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¿À¿°µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´õ¶ó¸é, Áøº¸µÈ Á¾±³¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ±æÀ» ´Û¾ÒÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
94:3.7 (1030.7) ÀÚ¾ÆÀÇ È¥ÀÌ ´ëÈ¥°ú ÇÕÃÄÁø´Ù´Â ±³¸®¿¡¼, ÀεµÀÇ ½ÅÇÐÀÚµéÀº Àΰ£´Ù¿î ¹«¾ù, »õ·Ó°í
µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ¹«¾ù, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¶æ°ú Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¶æÀÌ Çϳª°¡ µÊÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Å¾´Â ¹«¾ùÀÌ »ì¾Æ³²´Â´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ »ý°¢ÀÌ ¹ÌÄ¡Áö
¸øÇß´Ù. È¥ÀÌ ºê¶ó¸¸À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°£´Ù´Â °¡¸£Ä§Àº Á¶ÀýÀÚ°¡ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ Ç°À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°£´Ù´Â Áø¸®¿Í °ÅÀÇ °°Àº ¹æÇâÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Á¶ÀýÀÚ¿Í ´Þ¸®, ¶ÇÇÑ »ì¾Æ³²´Â ¹«¾ùÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸´Ï, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÇÊ»ç ÀΰÝÀÚÀÇ »ó¹°Áú »çº»(ÞÐÜâ)ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ±Ùº»
°³³äÀÌ ºê¶ó¸¸ öÇп¡ Ä¡¸íÀûÀ¸·Î ºüÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
94:3.8 (1031.1) ºê¶ó¸¸ öÇÐÀº ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¸¹Àº »ç½Ç¿¡ Á¢±ÙÇß°í, ¼ö¸¹Àº ¿ìÁÖ Áø¸®¿¡ °¡±îÀÌ °¬´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Àý´ë¤ýÃÊ¿ù¤ýÀ¯ÇÑ ¼öÁØ°ú °°ÀÌ ¸î °¡Áö ¼öÁØÀÇ ½Çü¸¦ ±¸º°ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â À߸øÀ» ³Ê¹« ÀÚÁÖ ÀúÁú·¶´Ù. Àý´ë
¼öÁØ¿¡¼ À¯ÇÑÇÏ°í ȯ»óÀΰ¡ ½ÍÀº °ÍÀÌ À¯ÇÑ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ Àý´ë·Î ½ÇÀçÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ±×¸®°í
±× öÇÐÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ±âº» ¼º°ÝÀ» Á¶±Ýµµ ¾Ë¾Æº¸Áö ¸øÇߴµ¥, ÁøÈ Àΰ£ÀÇ Á¦ÇÑµÈ Çϳª´Ô üÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
¿µ¿øÇÑ ¾ÆµéÀÌ ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽º ¾Æ¹öÁö¸¦ ÇѾøÀÌ Ã¼ÇèÇÏ´Â °æÁö¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö, ¾î¶² ¼öÁØ¿¡¼µµ ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö¸¦ ¸ö¼Ò
Á¢ÃËÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
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3. Brahmanic
Philosophy
94:3.1 While the highest phase of Brahmanism
was hardly a religion, it was truly one of the most noble reaches
of the mortal mind into the domains of philosophy and metaphysics.
Having started out to discover final reality, the Indian mind
did not stop until it had speculated about almost every phase
of theology excepting the essential dual concept of religion:
the existence of the Universal Father of all universe creatures
and the fact of the ascending experience in the universe of
these very creatures as they seek to attain the eternal Father,
who has commanded them to be perfect, even as he is perfect.
94:3.2 In the concept of Brahman the minds of those days truly
grasped at the idea of some all-pervading Absolute, for this
postulate was at one and the same time identified as creative
energy and cosmic reaction. Brahman was conceived to be beyond
all definition, capable of being comprehended only by the successive
negation of all finite qualities. It was definitely a belief
in an absolute, even an infinite, being, but this concept was
largely devoid of personality attributes and was therefore not
experiencible by individual religionists.
94:3.3 Brahman-Narayana was conceived as the Absolute, the infinite
IT IS, the primordial creative potency of the potential cosmos,
the Universal Self existing static and potential throughout
all eternity. Had the philosophers of those days been able to
make the next advance in deity conception, had they been able
to conceive of the Brahman as associative and creative, as a
personality approachable by created and evolving beings, then
might such a teaching have become the most advanced portraiture
of Deity on Urantia since it would have encompassed the first
five levels of total deity function and might possibly have
envisioned the remaining two.
94:3.4 In certain phases the concept of the One Universal Oversoul
as the totality of the summation of all creature existence led
the Indian philosophers very close to the truth of the Supreme
Being, but this truth availed them naught because they failed
to evolve any reasonable or rational personal approach to the
attainment of their theoretic monotheistic goal of Brahman-Narayana.
94:3.5 The karma principle of causality continuity is, again,
very close to the truth of the repercussional synthesis of all
time-space actions in the Deity presence of the Supreme; but
this postulate never provided for the co-ordinate personal attainment
of Deity by the individual religionist, only for the ultimate
engulfment of all personality by the Universal Oversoul.
94:3.6 The philosophy of Brahmanism also came very near to the
realization of the indwelling of the Thought Adjusters, only
to become perverted through the misconception of truth. The
teaching that the soul is the indwelling of the Brahman would
have paved the way for an advanced religion had not this concept
been completely vitiated by the belief that there is no human
individuality apart from this indwelling of the Universal One.
94:3.7 In the doctrine of the merging of the self-soul with
the Oversoul, the theologians of India failed to provide for
the survival of something human, something new and unique, something
born of the union of the will of man and the will of God. The
teaching of the soul's return to the Brahman is closely parallel
to the truth of the Adjuster's return to the bosom of the Universal
Father, but there is something distinct from the Adjuster which
also survives, the morontial counterpart of mortal personality.
And this vital concept was fatally absent from Brahmanic philosophy.
94:3.8 Brahmanic philosophy has approximated many of the facts
of the universe and has approached numerous cosmic truths, but
it has all too often fallen victim to the error of failing to
differentiate between the several levels of reality, such as
absolute, transcendental, and finite. It has failed to take
into account that what may be finite-illusory on the absolute
level may be absolutely real on the finite level. And it has
also taken no cognizance of the essential personality of the
Universal Father, who is personally contactable on all levels
from the evolutionary creature's limited experience with God
on up to the limitless experience of the Eternal Son with the
Paradise Father.
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4.
ÈùµÎ±³
94:4.1 (1031.2) Àεµ¿¡¼ ¸î ¼¼±â°¡ Áö³ªÀÚ, ¹ÎÁßÀº ¸á±â¼¼µ¦
¼±±³»çµéÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¼öÁ¤µÇ°í ³ªÁß¿¡ ºê¶ó¸¸ »çÁ¦µéÀÌ ±¸Ã¼ÈÇÑ, º£´ÙÀÇ ¿¾ ÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ)À¸·Î ¾î´À Á¤µµ
µ¹¾Æ°¬´Ù. ¼¼°è Á¾±³ °¡¿îµ¥ °¡Àå ¿À·¡ µÇ°í °¡Àå ±¹Á¦ÀûÀÎ ÀÌ Á¾±³´Â ºÒ±³¤ýÀÚÀ̳ª±³, ±×¸®°í ³ªÁß¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â
¸ðÇϸ޵屳¤ý±âµ¶±³ÀÇ ¿µÇâ¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿©, ´õ º¯È¸¦ °Þ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿¹¼öÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ µµÂøÇÒ ¶§°¡ µÇÀÚ ±× °¡¸£Ä§Àº
¡°¹éÀÎÀÇ Á¾±³¡±°¡ µÉ Á¤µµ·Î ÀÌ¹Ì ³Ê¹«³ª ¼¾çȵǾú°í, µû¶ó¼ ÈùµÎÀÇ Áö¼ºÀο¡°Ô ÀÌ»óÇÏ°í ³¸¼³¾ú´Ù.
94:4.2 (1031.3) ÈùµÎ ½ÅÇÐÀº ÇöÀç ³× °¡Áö ³»·Á°¡´Â ¼öÁØÀÇ ½Å°ú ½Å¼ºÀ» ±×¸°´Ù:
94:4.3 (1031.4) 1. ºê¶ó¸¸, Àý´ëÀÚ, ¹«ÇÑÇÑ Çϳª, ½º½º·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ±×°Í.
94:4.4 (1031.5) 2. »ï½ÅÀÏü(ß²ãêìéô÷), ÈùµÎ±³¿¡¼ Á¦ÀÏ ³ôÀº »ïÀÚÀÏü. ÀÌ °áÇÕ¿¡¼, ù°
±¸¼º¿ø ºê¶ó¸¶´Â ºê¶ó¸¸¡ª¹«ÇÑ¡ªÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½º½º·Î âÁ¶µÇ¾ú´Ù°í »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. ¹ü½ÅÀûÀÎ ¹«ÇÑÇÑ Çϳª¿Í °¡±î¿î ½ÅºÐÀ¸·Î
ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é, ºê¶ó¸¶´Â ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö °³³äÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ ÀÌ·ê ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ºê¶ó¸¶´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ¿î¸í°ú µ¿ÀϽõȴÙ.
94:4.5 (1031.6) µÑ°¿Í ¼Â° ±¸¼º¿ø, ½Ã¹Ù¿Í ºñ½´´© ¼þ¹è´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ ÀÌÈÄ Ã¹Â° õ³â µ¿¾È¿¡ ÀϾ´Ù.
½Ã¹Ù´Â »î°ú Á×À½ÀÇ ÁÖ, ´Ù»ê(Òýߧ)ÀÇ ½ÅÀÌ¿ä, Æı«ÀÇ ÁÖ¿´´Ù. ºñ½´´©´Â Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¶÷ ¸ð½ÀÀ¸·Î À°½ÅÈÇÑ´Ù´Â
¹ÏÀ½ ¶§¹®¿¡ ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ÀαⰡ ÁÁ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ºñ½´´©´Â ÀεµÀÎÀÇ »ó»ó ¼Ó¿¡¼ ½ÇÀçÇÏ°í »ì¾Æ ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ´õ·¯´Â
½Ã¹Ù°¡, ´õ·¯´Â ºñ½´´©°¡ ¸¸¹° À§¿¡ ÃÖ°í¶ó°í ¿©°å´Ù.
94:4.6 (1031.7) 3. º£´Ù ¹× º£´Ù ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ½Åµé. ¾Æ±×´Ï¤ýÀεå¶ó¤ý¼Ò¸¶¿Í °°ÀÌ, ¾Æ¸®¾ÆÀÎÀÌ °¡Á³´ø
°í´ëÀÇ ¿©·¯ ½ÅÀº »ï½ÅÀÏüÀÇ ¼¼ ±¸¼º¿ø¿¡ 2Â÷ÀûÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î¼ Áö¼ÓÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ ´õÇÏ¿© ¼ö¸¹Àº ½ÅÀÌ º£´Ù ½Ã´ë
ÀεµÀÇ ¿¾ ½ÃÀý ÀÌÈÄ·Î ÀϾ°í, ±×µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ÈùµÎÀÎÀÇ ¸¸½ÅÀü¿¡ ÇÕº´µÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:4.7 (1031.8) 4. ¹Ý½Å(Úâãê): ÈÄÀÏÀÇ Á¾ÆÄ¿¡¼ ¹Ï´Â ÃÊÀࣤýÁؽÅ(ñÞãê)¤ý¿µ¿õ, ¾Ç¸¶¤ý±Í½Å¤ý¾Ç·É¤ý¿äÁ¤(èíïñ)¤ý±«¹°¤ýµµ±úºñ¤ý¼ºÀÚ(á¡íº)µé.
94:4.8 (1031.9) ÈùµÎ±³´Â ¿À·§µ¿¾È Àεµ ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô È°·ÂÀ» ÁÖÁö ¸øÇßÁö¸¸, µ¿½Ã¿¡ º¸Åë, °ü´ëÇÑ Á¾±³¿´´Ù.
ÈùµÎ±³ÀÇ Å« ÀåÁ¡Àº ±× Á¾±³°¡ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ ¹Ù °¡Àå Àß ÀûÀÀÇÏ°í ÇüÅ°¡ ¾ø´Â Á¾±³ÀÓÀÌ ÀÔÁõµÇ¾ú´Ù´Â »ç½Ç¿¡
ÀÖ´Ù. ÈùµÎ±³´Â °ÅÀÇ ÇѾøÀÌ ¹Ù²ð ´É·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ°í, ÁöÀû ºê¶ó¸¸ÀÇ ³ôÀº ¹Ý(Úâ) ÀϽű³ °°Àº ÃßÃøÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÃµÇÏ°í
¾ï¾Ð¹Þ´Â °èÃþÀÇ ¹«ÁöÇÑ ½ÅÀÚµéÀÌ °¡Áø Å͹«´Ï¾ø´Â ÁÖ¹° »ç»ó°ú ¿ø½ÃÀû ¼þ¹è dz½À¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö, ½ÅÃ༺ ÀÖ°Ô Á¶Á¤ÇÒ
Á¤µµ·Î Ưº°È÷ ¹üÀ§°¡ ³Ð´Ù.
94:4.9 (1032.1) ÈùµÎ±³°¡ »ì¾Æ³²Àº °ÍÀº º»ÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ±× Á¾±³°¡ Àεµ¿¡¼ ±âº» »çȸ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ Çʼö ºÎºÐÀ̱â
¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÈùµÎ±³´Â ¾îÁö·¯¿öÁö°Å³ª Æı«µÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾Æ¹«·± Å« ¼ºÁ÷ÀÚ °èÃþÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÈùµÎ±³´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÇ »ýÈ° ÇüÅ¿¡
ÇÔ²² ¾ôÇô ÀÖ´Ù. ÈùµÎ±³°¡ º¯ÇÏ´Â Á¶°Ç¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÀûÀÀÇÏ´Â ´É·ÂÀº ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ Á¾Æĸ¦ ¶Ù¾î³Ñ´Â´Ù. ¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ Á¾±³¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© °ü´ëÇÏ°Ô ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀ̴ ŵµ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¸ç, °íŸ¸¶ ºÎ´Ù¿Í ¹Ù·Î ±×¸®½ºµµÁ¶Â÷µµ ºñ½´´©°¡ À°½ÅÈÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù.
94:4.10 (1032.2) ¿À´Ã³¯ Àεµ¿¡¼, ¿¹¼öÀÇ º¹À½¡ªÇϳª´ÔÀÌ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÌ°í ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ÆµéÀÌ¿ä, µû¶ó¼
ÇüÁ¦ÀÎ °Í¡ªÀ» ¹¦»çÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ Å©¸ç, ÀÌ ÇüÁ¦ Á¤½ÅÀº »ç¶ûÀ¸·Î º£Ç®°í »çȸ¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÒ ¶§ °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù.
Àεµ¿¡´Â öÇÐÀÇ Æ²ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í, ½ÅÀ» ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â ±¸Á¶°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹Ì°¡¿¤ÀÌ ÀÏ»ýÀ» ¼ö¿©ÇÑ ÀÏÀ»
¹éÀÎÀÇ Á¾±³·Î ¸¸µå´Â ¼ºÇâÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´ø, ¼¾çÀÇ µ¶´Ü°ú ±³¸®¸¦ ¹þ¾î ¹ö¸° º¹À½, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ ÁØ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ º¹À½¿¡
³ªÅ¸³ ÈûÂù »ç¶ûÀÇ ºÒ²É, È°·ÂÀ» ÁÖ´Â ºÒ²ÉÀÌ´Ù.
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4. The Hindu
Religion
94:4.1 With the passing of the centuries
in India, the populace returned in measure to the ancient rituals
of the Vedas as they had been modified by the teachings of the
Melchizedek missionaries and crystallized by the later Brahman
priesthood. This, the oldest and most cosmopolitan of the world's
religions, has undergone further changes in response to Buddhism
and Jainism and to the later appearing influences of Mohammedanism
and Christianity. But by the time the teachings of Jesus arrived,
they had already become so Occidentalized as to be a "white
man's religion," hence strange and foreign to the Hindu
mind.
94:4.2 Hindu theology, at present, depicts four descending levels
of deity and divinity:
94:4.3 The Brahman, the Absolute, the Infinite One, the IT IS.
94:4.4 The Trimurti, the supreme trinity of Hinduism. In this
association Brahma, the first member, is conceived as being
self-created out of the Brahman-infinity. Were it not for close
identification with the pantheistic Infinite One, Brahma could
constitute the foundation for a concept of the Universal Father.
Brahma is also identified with fate.
94:4.5 The worship of the second and third members, Siva and
Vishnu, arose in the first millennium after Christ. Siva is
lord of life and death, god of fertility, and master of destruction.
Vishnu is extremely popular due to the belief that he periodically
incarnates in human form. In this way, Vishnu becomes real and
living in the imaginations of the Indians. Siva and Vishnu are
each regarded by some as supreme over all.
94:4.6 Vedic and post-Vedic deities. M any of the ancient gods
of the Aryans, such as Agni, Indra, Soma, have persisted as
secondary to the three members of the Trimurti. Numerous additional
gods have arisen since the early days of Vedic India, and these
have also been incorporated into the Hindu pantheon.
94:4.7 The demigods: supermen, semigods, heroes, demons, ghosts,
evil spirits, sprites, monsters, goblins, and saints of the
later-day cults.
94:4.8 While Hinduism has long failed to vivify the Indian people,
at the same time it has usually been a tolerant religion. Its
great strength lies in the fact that it has proved to be the
most adaptive, amorphic religion to appear on Urantia. It is
capable of almost unlimited change and possesses an unusual
range of flexible adjustment from the high and semimonotheistic
speculations of the intellectual Brahman to the arrant fetishism
and primitive cult practices of the debased and depressed classes
of ignorant believers.
94:4.9 Hinduism has survived because it is essentially an integral
part of the basic social fabric of India. It has no great hierarchy
which can be disturbed or destroyed; it is interwoven into the
life pattern of the people. It has an adaptability to changing
conditions that excels all other cults, and it displays a tolerant
attitude of adoption toward many other religions, Gautama Buddha
and even Christ himself being claimed as incarnations of Vishnu.
94:4.10 Today, in India, the great need is for the portrayal
of the Jesusonian gospel-the Fatherhood of God and the sonship
and consequent brotherhood of all men, which is personally realized
in loving ministry and social service. In India the philosophical
framework is existent, the cult structure is present; all that
is needed is the vitalizing spark of the dynamic love portrayed
in the original gospel of the Son of Man, divested of the Occidental
dogmas and doctrines which have tended to make Michael's life
bestowal a white man's religion.
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5.
Áß±¹¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø Áø¸®¸¦ À§ÇÑ ÅõÀï
94:5.1 (1032.3) ÃÖ°íÀÚ Çϳª´Ô, ±×¸®°í ¹ÏÀ½À» ÅëÇÏ¿© ±¸¿ø¹Þ´Â´Ù´Â
±³¸®¸¦ Æ۶߸®¸é¼ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¸¦ Åë°úÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀº °ÅÃÄ °£ ¿©·¯ ³ª¶óÀÇ Ã¶Çаú Á¾±³ »ç»óÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ Èí¼öÇß´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¸á±â¼¼µ¦°ú ±× ÈÄ°èÀÚµéÀÌ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ ¼±»ýµéÀº ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¸Ã±ä Ã¥ÀÓÀ» Àú¹ö¸®Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×µéÀº À¯¶ó½Ã¾Æ ´ë·úÀÇ
¸ðµç ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô ÆÄ°íµé¾ú°í, ±×µéÀÌ Áß±¹¿¡ µµÂøÇÑ °ÍÀº ±×¸®½ºµµ ÀÌÀü µÑ° õ³âÀÇ Áß¿±À̾ú´Ù. ¼öÀÌǪ¿¡¼[3]
1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï »ì·½ »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×µéÀÇ º»ºÎ¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏ¸é¼ °Å±â¼ Áß±¹ÀÎ ¼±»ýµéÀ» ÈƷýÃÄ×°í, À̵éÀº ȲÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ
¿µÅä Àü¿ª¿¡ µÎ·ç °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù.
94:5.2 (1032.4) °¡Àå ¿ø½Ã ÇüÅÂÀÇ µµ±³(Ô³Îç)°¡ Áß±¹¿¡¼ ÀÏ¾î³ °ÍÀº ÀÌ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÇ Á÷Á¢ °á°ú¿´´Âµ¥,
µµ±³´Â ¿À´Ã³¯ ±× À̸§À» Áö´Ñ °Í°ú Å©°Ô ´Ù¸¥ Á¾±³¿´´Ù. Ãʱâ, °ð ½ÃÃÊÀÇ µµ±³´Â ´ÙÀ½ ¿ä¼ÒÀÇ º¹ÇÕÀ̾ú´Ù:
94:5.3 (1032.5) 1. ½Ì¶ûÅæÀÇ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â °¡¸£Ä§, ÀÌ°ÍÀº »óÁ¦(ß¾ð¨), °ð ÇϴôÔÀÇ °³³äÀ¸·Î Áö¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Ù.
½Ì¶ûÅæÀÌ »ì´ø ½ÃÀý¿¡ Áß±¹ÀÎÀº °ÅÀÇ ÀϽű³¸¦ ¹Ï°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº ÇϳªÀÇ Áø¸®¸¦ ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¸¶À½À» ½ñ¾Ò°í,
ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ¿µ, °ð ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ³´Ù. ±×¸®°í ȲÀÎÁ¾Àº °áÄÚ ÀÌ ÃʱâÀÇ ½Å °³³äÀ» ¿ÏÀüÈ÷
ÀÒÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ µÚÀÌÀº ¿©·¯ ¼¼±â¿¡ ¸¹Àº ÇÏÀ§ ½Å°ú ¿µÀÌ ±×µéÀÇ Á¾±³ ¼ÓÀ¸·Î ¸ð¸£´Â »çÀÌ¿¡ ±â¾î µé¾î¿Ô´Ù.
94:5.4 (1032.6) 2. »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¹ÏÀ½¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÏ¿© Àηù¿¡°Ô ÀºÇý¸¦ ³»¸®·Á ÇÏ´Â ÃÖ°í âÁ¶ÀÚ ½ÅÀ» ¹Ï´Â
»ì·½ Á¾±³. ±×·¯³ª ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ È²ÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ ¶¥À» ħÅõÇßÀ» ¶§°¡ µÇÀÚ, ±×µéÀÌ ÃÖÃÊ¿¡ ÀüÇÑ ¸»¾¸Àº ¸¶Å°º¥Å¸
½ÃÀý¿¡ »ì·½ÀÇ °£´ÜÇÑ ±³¸®¿Í »ó´çÈ÷ ´Þ¶óÁ³´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ ³Ê¹«³ª Âü¸»ÀÌ´Ù.
94:5.5 (1032.7) 3. ¸ðµç ¾ÇÀ» ÇÇÇÏ·Á´Â ¿å±¸¿Í ÇÔ²², ÀεµÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ °¡Áø ºê¶ó¸¸ Àý´ëÀÚ °³³ä.
º£´Ù ½Å¾ÓÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ÀεµÀÎ ¼±»ýµéÀº µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î ÇâÇÑ »ì·½ Á¾±³ÀÇ ÀüÆÄ¿¡ ¾Æ¸¶µµ °¡Àå Å« ¿Ü·¡ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ» ¹ÌÃÆ°í,
±×µéÀº ÀÚ±â³× ºê¶ó¸¸¡ªÀý´ëÀÚ¡ª°³³äÀ» »ì·½ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ±¸¿ø »ç»ó¿¡ ºÒ¾î ³Ö¾ú´Ù.
94:5.6 (1033.1) ÀÌ º¹ÇÕ ½Å¾ÓÀº Á¾±³ öÇÐ »ç»ó¿¡¼ ¹Ø¹ÞħÇÏ´Â ¿µÇâÀÌ µÇ¾î ȲÀΰú °¥»ö Á¾Á·µéÀÇ
¶¥À» ÅëÇؼ ÆÛÁ³´Ù. ÀϺ»¿¡¼ ÀÌ ¿ø½Ã µµ±³´Â ½Åµµ(ãêÔ³)·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ³°í, ÆÈ·¹½ºÅ¸ÀÎÀÇ »ì·½À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ÆµæÈ÷ ¸Õ
ÀÌ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼, ¹ÎÁ·µéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÇ À̸§À» Àηù°¡ ÀØÁö ¾Ê°Ô ÇÏ·Á°í ¶¥¿¡¼ »ì¾Ò´ø ¸¶Å°º¥Å¸ ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÌ À°½ÅÈÇÑ
°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¹è¿ü´Ù.
94:5.7 (1033.2) Áß±¹¿¡¼ ÀÌ °ü³äµéÀº ¸ðµÎ ´Ã ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â Á¶»ó ¼þ¹è Á¾ÆÄ¿Í ÈÄÀÏ¿¡ µÚ¹ü¹÷ÀÌ µÇ°í
¼¯¿© ¹ö·È´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ½Ì¶ûÅæÀÇ ½ÃÀý ÀÌÈÄ·Î Áß±¹ÀÎÀº »çÁ¦µé¿¡°Ô ¹«·ÂÇÑ ³ë¿¹°¡ µÈ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ȲÀÎÁ¾Àº ¹Ì°³ÇÑ
¼Ó¹ÚÀÇ Ã³Áö·ÎºÎÅÍ Áú¼ ÀÖ´Â ¹®¸íÀ¸·Î óÀ½ ¼Ú¾Æ³ª¿Â Á¾Á·Àε¥, ÀÌ´Â ±× Á¾Á·ÀÌ ºñ±¼ÇÏ°Ô ½ÅµéÀ» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏ´ø óÁö¿¡¼
¾î´À Á¤µµ ¹þ¾î³µ°í, ´Ù¸¥ Á¾Á·µéÀÌ ¹«¼¿öÇÑ °Íó·³ Á×Àº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ±Í½ÅÀ» ¹«¼¿öÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Áß±¹Àº
»çÁ¦µé·ÎºÎÅÍ Ãʱ⿡ ÇعæµÈ Áö°æÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼ Áøº¸ÇÏÁö ¸øÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù. Áß±¹Àº °ÅÀÇ ¶È°°ÀÌ ºñÂüÇÑ À߸ø,
Á¶»ó ¼þ¹è¿¡ ºüÁ³´Ù.
94:5.8 (1033.3) ±×·¯³ª »ì·½ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¼ö°í´Â ÇêµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. 6¼¼±â¿¡ Áß±¹ÀÇ À§´ëÇÑ Ã¶ÇÐÀÚµéÀº
À̵éÀÇ º¹À½ÀÇ ±âÃÊ À§¿¡ ÀÚ±âµéÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» È®¸³ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ëÀÚ¿Í °øÀÚÀÇ ½ÃÀý¿¡ µµ´öÀû ºÐÀ§±â¿Í ¿µÀû °¨Á¤Àº ±×
ÀÌÀü ½Ã´ë¿¡ »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚ¶ó³µ´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[3] 94:5.1 ¼öÀÌǪ(See Fuch, Suifu)´Â
¿À´Ã³¯, Áß±¹ÀÇ À̺ó(ëñÞ¹) ½Ã.
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5. The Struggle
for Truth in China
94:5.1 As the Salem missionaries passed
through Asia, spreading the doctrine of the Most High God and
salvation through faith, they absorbed much of the philosophy
and religious thought of the various countries traversed. But
the teachers commissioned by Melchizedek and his successors
did not default in their trust; they did penetrate to all peoples
of the Eurasian continent, and it was in the middle of the second
millennium before Christ that they arrived in China. At See
Fuch, for more than one hundred years, the Salemites maintained
their headquarters, there training Chinese teachers who taught
throughout all the domains of the yellow race.
94:5.2 It was in direct consequence of this teaching that the
earliest form of Taoism arose in China, a vastly different religion
than the one which bears that name today. Early or proto-Taoism
was a compound of the following factors:
94:5.3 The lingering teachings of Singlangton, which persisted
in the concept of Shang-ti, the God of Heaven. In the times
of Singlangton the Chinese people became virtually monotheistic;
they concentrated their worship on the One Truth, later known
as the Spirit of Heaven, the universe ruler. And the yellow
race never fully lost this early concept of Deity, although
in subsequent centuries many subordinate gods and spirits insidiously
crept into their religion.
94:5.4 The Salem religion of a Most High Creator Deity who would
bestow his favor upon mankind in response to man's faith. But
it is all too true that, by the time the Melchizedek missionaries
had penetrated to the lands of the yellow race, their original
message had become considerably changed from the simple doctrines
of Salem in the days of Machiventa.
94:5.5 The Brahman-Absolute concept of the Indian philosophers,
coupled with the desire to escape all evil. Perhaps the greatest
extraneous influence in the eastward spread of the Salem religion
was exerted by the Indian teachers of the Vedic faith, who injected
their conception of the Brahman-the Absolute-into the salvationistic
thought of the Salemites.
94:5.6 This composite belief spread through the lands of the
yellow and brown races as an underlying influence in religio-philosophic
thought. In Japan this proto-Taoism was known as Shinto, and
in this country, far distant from Salem of Palestine, the peoples
learned of the incarnation of Machiventa Melchizedek, who dwelt
upon earth that the name of God might not be forgotten by mankind.
94:5.7 In China all of these beliefs were later confused and
compounded with the ever-growing cult of ancestor worship. But
never since the time of Singlangton have the Chinese fallen
into helpless slavery to priestcraft. The yellow race was the
first to emerge from barbaric bondage into orderly civilization
because it was the first to achieve some measure of freedom
from the abject fear of the gods, not even fearing the ghosts
of the dead as other races feared them. China met her defeat
because she failed to progress beyond her early emancipation
from priests; she fell into an almost equally calamitous error,
the worship of ancestors.
94:5.8 But the Salemites did not labor in vain. It was upon
the foundations of their gospel that the great philosophers
of sixth-century China built their teachings. The moral atmosphere
and the spiritual sentiments of the times of Lao-tse and Confucius
grew up out of the teachings of the Salem missionaries of an
earlier age.
¡ãTop
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6.
³ëÀÚ¿Í °øÀÚ
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¿ìÁÖÀÇ Àӱݰú ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ÇϳªµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ¶ó¡±°í °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù. ±×´Â ±Ã±ØÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀ» °¡Àå ³¯Ä«·Ó°Ô ÀÌÇØÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ¡°Çϳª´Â
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ÀÖ°í, ½ÅÀÇ ¿µÀÌ À̰͵éÀ» ¿µ¿øÈ÷ Á¶È½ÃŲ´Ù.¡±
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94:6.5 (1033.8) ±×´Â »ç¶÷Àº âÁ¶ÀÚ¿¡°Ô µ¹¾Æ°£´Ù°í °¡¸£ÃÆ°í, »ý¸íÀ» ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ÀáÀ缺À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀΰÝÀÌ
ž´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ±×·ÈÀ¸¸ç, ÇÑÆí Á×À½Àº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀÌ ÀΰÝÀÌ ÁýÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â °Í°ú °°¾Ò´Ù. ±×°¡ °¡Áø ÂüµÈ ¹ÏÀ½ÀÇ
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94:6.6 (1034.1) ±×´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ» ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ÀÌÇØÇßÀ¸´Ï, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»Ç߱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù: ¡°Àý´ë
½ÅÀº ¾Ö¾²Áö ¾Ê¾Æµµ ´Ã À̱ä´Ù. ±×´Â Àηù¿¡°Ô °¿äÇÏÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸, ¾ðÁ¦³ª ±×µéÀÇ ÂüµÈ ¼Ò¸Á¿¡ ¹ÝÀÀÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾î
ÀÖ´Ù. Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¶æÀº ¿µ¿øÈ÷ Âü°í, ±× ¶æÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀº ¿µ¿øÈ÷ ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÏ´Ù.¡± Âü Á¾±³°¡¿¡ ´ëÇؼ, ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Þ´Â
°Íº¸´Ù ´õ º¹µÇ´Ù´Â Áø¸®¸¦ Ç¥ÇöÇÏ¸é¼ ¸»Çß´Ù. ¡°ÂøÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº Àڱ⸦ À§Çؼ Áø¸®¸¦ Áã°í ÀÖÀ¸·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í,
¿ÀÈ÷·Á ÀÌ Àç»êÀ» µ¿·áµé¿¡°Ô ÁÖ·Á°í ¾Ö¾²´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ Áø¸®ÀÇ ½ÇÇöÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Àý´ëÀÚ Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¶æÀº
¾ðÁ¦³ª ÀÌÀÍÀÌ µÇ°í °áÄÚ Æı«ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Âü ½ÅÀÚÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÇൿÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̳ª °áÄÚ °¿äÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.¡±
94:6.7 (1034.2) ³ëÀÚ°¡ ¹«ÀúÇ×À» °¡¸£Ä¡°í, ÇàÀ§¿Í °¿ä¸¦ ±¸º°ÇÑ °ÍÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ ¡°¾Æ¹«°Íµµ º¸°Å³ª
ÇàÇϰųª »ý°¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â¡± ½Å¾ÓÀ¸·Î °îÇصǾú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³ëÀÚ´Â °áÄÚ ±×·¯ÇÑ À߸øÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×°¡
¹«ÀúÇ×À» ³»¼¼¿î °ÍÀº Áß±¹ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ÆòÈ·Î¿î ¼ºÇâÀÌ ´õ¿í ¹ß´ÞÇÏ´Â ÇÑ ¿äÀÎÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:6.8 (1034.3) ±×·¯³ª 20¼¼±â À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ À¯ÇàÇÏ´Â µµ±³´Â ±× ¿¾ öÇÐÀÚÀÇ µå³ôÀº °¨Á¤ ¹× ¿ìÁÖÀÇ
°³³ä°ú °øÅëµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù. ±×´Â ÆľÇÇÑ ´ë·Î Áø¸®¸¦ °¡¸£ÃÆÀ¸´Ï, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ´Ù: Àý´ëÀÚ Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¹Ï´Â ¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ
¼¼»óÀ» ´Ù½Ã ¸¸µé ±× ½Å¼ºÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀÌ¿ä, ±× ¿¡³ÊÁö·Î »ç¶÷Àº, µµ(Ô³), °ð ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ ½ÅÀÌ¿ä Àý´ë
âÁ¶ÀÚ¿Í ¿µÀûÀ¸·Î ÇϳªµÇ´Â °æÁö±îÁö ¿Ã¶ó°£´Ù.
94:6.9 (1034.4) °øºÎÀÚ(ÍîÜýí)´Â 6¼¼±â¿¡ Áß±¹¿¡¼ ³ëÀÚ¿Í °°Àº ½Ã´ë¿¡ »ì°í ³ªÀÌ°¡ ´õ ¾î¸° »ç¶÷À̾ú´Ù.
°øÀÚÀÇ ½ÅÁ¶´Â ȲÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ ¿À·£ ¿ª»ç¿¡¼ »ó±ÞÀÇ µµ´öÀû ÀüÅë¿¡ ±âÃʸ¦ µÎ¾ú°í, ¶ÇÇÑ »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀÇ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â
ÀüÅë¿¡ ¾ó¸¶Å ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¾÷ÀûÀº ¿¾ öÇÐÀÚµéÀÇ ÁöÇý·Î¿î ¸»¾¸À» ¸ðÀº µ¥ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÏ»ý µ¿¾È
±×´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °ÅÀýÇÑ ¼±»ýÀ̾úÁö¸¸, ±×ÀÇ ±Û°ú °¡¸£Ä§Àº ±× µÚ·Î, Áß±¹°ú ÀϺ»¿¡[5] Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃÆ´Ù. °øÀÚ´Â
¸¶¼úÀÌ ÀÖ´ø ÀÚ¸®¿¡ µµ´öÀ» ¿Ã·Á³õ¾ÒÀ¸¹Ç·Î »þ¸Õµé¿¡°Ô º»º¸±â¸¦ º¸¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×´Â ³Ê¹« ¼ÕÀ» ´ò´Ù. ±×´Â Áú¼¸¦
»õ·Î¿î ÁÖ¹°·Î ¸¸µé°í Á¶»óÀÇ ÇàÀ§¸¦ °ø°æÇϵµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ ±ÛÀ» ¾µ ¶§ Áß±¹ÀÎÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Á¶»óÀÇ ÇàÀ§¸¦ ¹Þµé¾î
¸ð½Å´Ù.
94:6.10 (1034.5) À¯±³°¡ ¼³ÆÄÇÏ´Â µµ´öÀº, ¶¥ÀÇ ±æÀº ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ±æÀÌ Àϱ׷¯Á® ºñÄ£ ±×¸²ÀÚ¿ä, ÀÌ
¼¼»ó ¹®¸íÀÇ ÂüµÈ ¸ð¹üÀº ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ Áú¼°¡ °Å¿ï¿¡ ºñÄ£ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â À̷п¡ ¹ÙÅÁÀ» µÐ´Ù. À¯±³(êãÎç)¿¡¼ ÀáÀçÇÏ´Â
Çϳª´Ô °³³äÀº õµµ(ô¸Ô³), °ð ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¿øº»À» °Á¶ÇÑ °Í¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© °ÅÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °æ½ÃµÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:6.11 (1034.6) µ¿¾ç¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼Ò¼ö¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í ¸ðµÎ°¡ ³ëÀÚÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» ÀÒ¾î¹ö·ÈÁö¸¸, °øÀÚÀÇ ±ÛÀº
±× µÚ·Î ´Ã, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÎÀÇ °ÅÀÇ 3ºÐÀÇ 1ÀÇ ¹®È¿¡ µµ´öÀû ±¸Á¶ÀÇ ±âÃÊ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ °øÀÚÀÇ ±³ÈÆÀº Áö³³¯ÀÇ
ÃÖ¼±À» Áö¼ÓÇϱâ´Â Çصµ, ±×·¸°Ô Á¸Áß¹ÞÀº ¾÷ÀûÀ» ³ºÀº Áß±¹ÀÎÀÇ ¹Ù·Î ±× Ž±¸ Á¤½Å¿¡ ¾ó¸¶Å Çطοü´Ù. Áø½ÃȲ
Ȳ½ÇÀÇ ³ë·Â°ú ¹¬ÀÚ(Ùøíº)ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ ÀÌ ±³¸®ÀÇ ¿µÇâ¿¡ ¸Â¼ ½Î¿üÀ¸³ª ÇêÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù. ¹¬ÀÚ´Â À±¸®Àû Àǹ«°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó
Çϳª´ÔÀÇ »ç¶û¿¡ ±âÃʸ¦ µÐ ÇüÁ¦ Á¤½ÅÀ» ºÎ¸£Â¢¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â »õ·Î¿î Áø¸®¸¦ ã´Â ¿¾ Ž±¸ Á¤½Å¿¡ ´Ù½Ã ºÒÀ» ºÙÀÌ·Á°í
ÇßÁö¸¸, ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº °øÀÚÀÇ Á¦ÀÚµéÀÇ ¾ï¼¾ ¹Ý´ë¿¡ ºÎµúÃÄ ½ÇÆÐÇß´Ù.
94:6.12 (1034.7) Áß±¹¿¡¼ ¿µÀûÀ¸·Î ¾îµÓ´ø ½Ã´ë¿¡, ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ¿µÀû ¼±»ý°ú µµ´ö ½º½Âµéó·³, °á±¹
ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀÌ °øÀÚ¿Í ³ëÀÚ ¸ðµÎ¸¦ ½Å°ÝÈÇÏ¿´°í, ÀÌ ½Ã´ë´Â µµ±³ ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ¼èÅðÇÏ°í ¿Ö°îµÇ´ø ¶§¿Í Àεµ·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÒ±³
¼±±³»çµéÀÌ ¿À´ø »çÀÌ¿¡ ³¢¾ú´Ù. ¿µÀûÀ¸·Î ÅðÆóÇÑ ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ¼¼±â µ¿¾È, ȲÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ Á¾±³´Â ºÒ½ÖÇÑ ½ÅÇÐÀ¸·Î ÅðÈÇß´Ù.
±× ¼Ó¿¡´Â ¾Ç¸¶¤ý¿ë¤ý¾Ç±Í°¡ µé²ú¾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¸ðµÎ ±ú¿ìħÀ» ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÑ ÇÊ»ç Áö¼º¿¡°Ô µÎ·Á¿òÀÌ µ¹¾Æ¿À´Â °ÍÀ»
°¡¸®Å²´Ù. Áøº¸µÈ Á¾±³ ¶§¹®¿¡ ÇѶ§ Àΰ£ »çȸÀÇ ¼±µÎ¿¡ ÀÖ´ø Áß±¹Àº, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Çϳª´Ô ÀǽÄÀ» °³¹ßÇÏ´Â ÂüµÈ ±æ¿¡¼
Àá½Ã Áøº¸ÇÏÁö ¸øÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ µÚ·Î óÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ Çϳª´Ô ÀǽÄ(ëòãÛ)Àº °³º° ÇÊ»çÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ½Ã°øÀÇ
ÁøÈ Ç༺¿¡¼ ¹®È¿Í »çȸÀÇ Áøº¸ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â, º¹ÀâÇÏ°í º¹ÇÕµÈ ¹®¸íÀÌ ÂüÀ¸·Î Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇʼöÀÌ´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[4] 94:6.3 ³ëÀÚ, 42Àå Ô³ûù¿¡¼ ¡°Ô³ßæìé,
ìéßæì£, ì£ßæß², ß²ßæØ¿Úª¡±À» Ç®ÀÌÇÑ °Í.
[5] 94:6.9 ÀÌ ±ÛÀÌ 1935³â¿¡ ±â·ÏµÇ¾úÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¿©±â¼ ÀϺ»Àº Çѱ¹À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù.
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6. Lao-Tse
and Confucius
94:6.1 About six hundred years before the
arrival of Michael, it seemed to Melchizedek, long since departed
from the flesh, that the purity of his teaching on earth was
being unduly jeopardized by general absorption into the older
Urantia beliefs. It appeared for a time that his mission as
a forerunner of Michael might be in danger of failing. And in
the sixth century before Christ, through an unusual co-ordination
of spiritual agencies, not all of which are understood even
by the planetary supervisors, Urantia witnessed a most unusual
presentation of manifold religious truth. Through the agency
of several human teachers the Salem gospel was restated and
revitalized, and as it was then presented, much has persisted
to the times of this writing.
94:6.2 This unique century of spiritual progress was characterized
by great religious, moral, and philosophic teachers all over
the civilized world. In China, the two outstanding teachers
were Lao-tse and Confucius.
94:6.3 Lao-tse built directly upon the concepts of the Salem
traditions when he declared Tao to be the One First Cause of
all creation. Lao was a man of great spiritual vision. He taught
that "man's eternal destiny was everlasting union with
Tao, Supreme God and Universal King." His comprehension
of ultimate causation was most discerning, for he wrote: "Unity
arises out of the Absolute Tao, and from Unity there appears
cosmic Duality, and from such Duality, Trinity springs forth
into existence, and Trinity is the primal source of all reality."
"All reality is ever in balance between the potentials
and the actuals of the cosmos, and these are eternally harmonized
by the spirit of divinity."
94:6.4 Lao-tse also made one of the earliest presentations of
the doctrine of returning good for evil: "Goodness begets
goodness, but to the one who is truly good, evil also begets
goodness."
94:6.5 He taught the return of the creature to the Creator and
pictured life as the emergence of a personality from the cosmic
potentials, while death was like the returning home of this
creature personality. His concept of true faith was unusual,
and he too likened it to the "attitude of a little child."
94:6.6 His understanding of the eternal purpose of God was clear,
for he said: "The Absolute Deity does not strive but is
always victorious; he does not coerce mankind but always stands
ready to respond to their true desires; the will of God is eternal
in patience and eternal in the inevitability of its expression."
And of the true religionist he said, in expressing the truth
that it is more blessed to give than to receive: "The good
man seeks not to retain truth for himself but rather attempts
to bestow these riches upon his fellows, for that is the realization
of truth. The will of the Absolute God always benefits, never
destroys; the purpose of the true believer is always to act
but never to coerce."
94:6.7 Lao's teaching of nonresistance and the distinction which
he made between action and coercion became later perverted into
the beliefs of "seeing, doing, and thinking nothing."
But Lao never taught such error, albeit his presentation of
nonresistance has been a factor in the further development of
the pacific predilections of the Chinese peoples.
94:6.8 But the popular Taoism of twentieth-century Urantia has
very little in common with the lofty sentiments and the cosmic
concepts of the old philosopher who taught the truth as he perceived
it, which was: That faith in the Absolute God is the source
of that divine energy which will remake the world, and by which
man ascends to spiritual union with Tao, the Eternal Deity and
Creator Absolute of the universes.
94:6.9 Confucius (Kung Fu-tze) was a younger contemporary of
Lao in sixth-century China. Confucius based his doctrines upon
the better moral traditions of the long history of the yellow
race, and he was also somewhat influenced by the lingering traditions
of the Salem missionaries. His chief work consisted in the compilation
of the wise sayings of ancient philosophers. He was a rejected
teacher during his lifetime, but his writings and teachings
have ever since exerted a great influence in China and Japan.
Confucius set a new pace for the shamans in that he put morality
in the place of magic. But he built too well; he made a new
fetish out of order and established a respect for ancestral
conduct that is still venerated by the Chinese at the time of
this writing.
94:6.10 The Confucian preachment of morality was predicated
on the theory that the earthly way is the distorted shadow of
the heavenly way; that the true pattern of temporal civilization
is the mirror reflection of the eternal order of heaven. The
potential God concept in Confucianism was almost completely
subordinated to the emphasis placed upon the Way of Heaven,
the pattern of the cosmos.
94:6.11 The teachings of Lao have been lost to all but a few
in the Orient, but the writings of Confucius have ever since
constituted the basis of the moral fabric of the culture of
almost a third of Urantians. These Confucian precepts, while
perpetuating the best of the past, were somewhat inimical to
the very Chinese spirit of investigation that had produced those
achievements which were so venerated. The influence of these
doctrines was unsuccessfully combated both by the imperial efforts
of Ch'in Shih Huang Ti and by the teachings of Mo Ti, who proclaimed
a brotherhood founded not on ethical duty but on the love of
God. He sought to rekindle the ancient quest for new truth,
but his teachings failed before the vigorous opposition of the
disciples of Confucius.
94:6.12 Like many other spiritual and moral teachers, both Confucius
and Lao-tse were eventually deified by their followers in those
spiritually dark ages of China which intervened between the
decline and perversion of the Taoist faith and the coming of
the Buddhist missionaries from India. During these spiritually
decadent centuries the religion of the yellow race degenerated
into a pitiful theology wherein swarmed devils, dragons, and
evil spirits, all betokening the returning fears of the unenlightened
mortal mind. And China, once at the head of human society because
of an advanced religion, then fell behind because of temporary
failure to progress in the true path of the development of that
God-consciousness which is indispensable to the true progress,
not only of the individual mortal, but also of the intricate
and complex civilizations which characterize the advance of
culture and society on an evolutionary planet of time and space.
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7.
°íŸ¸¶ ½Ë´ÞŸ
94:7.1 (1035.1) Áß±¹¿¡¼ ³ëÀÚ¿Í °øÀÚ¿Í °°Àº ½Ã´ë¿¡, Áø¸®¸¦
°¡¸£Ä£ ¶Ç ÇϳªÀÇ À§´ëÇÑ ¼±»ýÀÌ Àεµ¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. °íŸ¸¶ ½Ë´ÞŸ´Â Àεµ ºÏºÎ Áö¹æ ³×ÆÈ¿¡¼ ±×¸®½ºµµ ÀÌÀü
6¼¼±â¿¡ ž´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ ±×°¡ ȯ»óó·³ ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÌ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª
Áø½Ç·Î, ±×´Â ³²ÂÊ È÷¸»¶ó¾ßÀÇ ÀÛÀº ¿Üµý »ê °è°î¿¡¼ ÁÖÀ§°¡ ¹¬ÀÎÇÏ¿© ´Ù½º¸°, ¾î´À Á¶±×¸¸ Á·ÀåÀÇ ¿ÁÁ¸¦ ºÐ¸íÈ÷
À̾î¹ÞÀ» ÈÄ°èÀÚ¿´´Ù.
94:7.2 (1035.2) °íŸ¸¶´Â ¿ä°¡¸¦ ¾µµ¥¾øÀÌ 6³â µ¿¾È ¿¬½ÀÇÑ µÚ¿¡, ºÒ±³ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ¸·Î ¹ßÀüµÈ ¾î¶²
ÀÌ·ÐÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³Â´Ù. ½Ë´ÞŸ´Â ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â Ä«½ºÆ® Á¦µµ¿¡ ¸Â¼¼, ±»°Ô °¢¿ÀÇßÁö¸¸ º¸¶÷¾ø´Â ½Î¿òÀ» ¹ú¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ÀþÀº
¼±ÁöÀÚÀÎ ¿ÕÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â ±× ½ÃÀý¿¡ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¸¶À½À» Å©°Ô ²ö, ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¼º½ÇÇÏ°í µ¶Æ¯ÇÏ°Ô »ç½É ¾ø´Â ŵµ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
±×´Â À°Ã¼¸¦ ÇдëÇÏ°í ¸ö¿¡ °íÅëÀ» ÁÜÀ¸·Î °³ÀÎÀÇ ±¸¿øÀ» ¾òÀ¸·Á ¾Ö¾²´Â dz½ÀÀÌ °¡Ä¡°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ºñ¹æÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í
ÃßÁ¾Àڵ鿡°Ô ±×ÀÇ º¹À½À» ¿Â ¼¼°è¿¡ °¡Á®°¡¶ó°í ÈÆ°èÇÏ¿´´Ù.
94:7.3 (1035.3) Àεµ¿¡¼ È¥¶õ°ú ±Ø´ÜÀû Á¾ÆÄÀÇ Ç³½ÀÀÌ ³ÑÄ¡´Â °¡¿îµ¥¼, °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ ¿Â°ÇÇÏ°í ÀýÁ¦
ÀÖ´Â °¡¸£Ä§Àº °¡¹³¿¡ ½Ã¿øÇÑ ºñó·³ µé·È´Ù. ±×´Â ½Å°ú »çÁ¦µé, ±×¸®°í ±×µé¿¡°Ô Èñ»ý¹° ¹ÙÄ¡´Â °ÍÀ» ºñ³ÇßÁö¸¸,
±×µµ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ÇϳªÀÎ ÀÌÀÇ ¼º°ÝÀ» ±ú´ÝÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. °³º° Àΰ£ÀÇ È¥ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡,
°íŸ¸¶´Â ¹°·Ð, È¥ÀÌ À±È¸ÇÑ´Ù´Â ¿À·¡ Áö³à¿Â °ü³ä¿¡ ¸Â¼ ¿ë°¨ÇÏ°Ô ½Î¿òÀ» ¹ú¿´´Ù. ±×´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡¼
±¸¿øÇÏ°í, Å« ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼ »ç¶÷µéÀ» ¾È¶ôÇÏ°í Æí¾ÈÇÑ ´À³¦À» °¡Áö°Ô ÇÏ·Á°í °í±ÍÇÑ ³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ï¿´Áö¸¸, ÇÏ´Ã °¡´Â
ÇÊ»çÀÚÀÇ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ÇÏ´Ã ÁýÀ¸·Î¡ªÆĶó´ÙÀ̽º·Î¡ª±×¸®°í ¿µ¿øÈ÷ Á¸ÀçÇÏ¿© ´õ¿í ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â ±æÀ» »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô º¸¿©ÁÖÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
94:7.4 (1035.4) °íŸ¸¶´Â ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ¼±ÁöÀÚ¿´´Ù. ÀºµÐÀÚ °í´åÀÇ ÈÆ°è¿¡ ±Í¸¦ ±â¿ï¿´´õ¶ó¸é, ±×´Â ¹ÏÀ½À¸·Î
±¸¿øÀ» ¾ò´Â´Ù´Â »ì·½ º¹À½À» ºÎÈ°½ÃÅ°´Â ¿µ°¨À¸·Î ¿Â Àεµ¸¦ Àϱú¿üÀ»Áö ¸ð¸¥´Ù. °í´åÀº ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ ¼±±³»çµéÀÇ ÀüÅëÀ»
°áÄÚ ÀÒ¾î¹ö¸®Áö ¾ÊÀº ¾î´À °¡Á·À» ÅëÇؼ ³»·Á¿Ô´Ù.
94:7.5 (1035.5) º£³ª·¹½º¿¡¼ °íŸ¸¶´Â Çб³¸¦ ¼¼¿ü´Âµ¥, µÑ° ÇØ¿¡ ÇÑ »ýµµ ¹Ù¿ìźÀº ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÌ
¾Æºê¶óÇÔ°ú ¸ÎÀº ¾à¼Ó¿¡ °üÇÑ »ì·½ ¼±±³»çµéÀÇ ÀüÅëÀ» ¼±»ý¿¡°Ô ÀüÆÄÇß´Ù. ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¾ÆÁÖ ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ
°³³äÀ» °¡ÁöÁö ¸øÇ߾, ½Ë´ÞŸ´Â ¹ÏÀ½À» ÅëÇؼ ±¸¿øÀ» ¾ò´Â °Í¡ª°£´ÜÇÑ ¹ÏÀ½¡ª¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Áøº¸µÈ ÀÚ¼¼¸¦ °¡Á³´Ù.
ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµé ¾Õ¿¡¼ ±× ÀڽŠ±×·¸°Ô ¼±¾ðÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¡°°ÅÀú ±¸¿øÀ» ÁÖ´Â ¹Ý°¡¿î ¼Ò½Ä, ³ôÀº ÀÚ¿Í ³·Àº ÀÚ, ¸ðµÎ°¡
¿Ã¹Ù¸§°ú ÀÀº¸¸¦ ¹ÏÀ½À¸·Î Áö±ØÇÑ º¹À» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °Í¡±À» Àεµ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¼±Æ÷Ç϶ó°í ÇлýµéÀ» 60¸í¾¿ ¶¼¸¦
Áö¾î º¸³»±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù.
94:7.6 (1035.6) °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ ¾Æ³»´Â ³²ÆíÀÇ º¹À½À» ¹Ï¾ú°í ¿©½Â °è±ÞÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀº
ÈÄ°èÀÚ°¡ µÇ¾î Á¾ÆÄÀÇ ¼¼¸¦ Å©°Ô ¶³ÃÆ´Ù. °íŸ¸¶´Â ¹ÏÀ½À» ÅëÇØ ±¸¿øÀ» ¾ò´Â´Ù´Â »õ·Î¿î °ü³äÀ» ÆľÇÇßÁö¸¸, ³ªÀÌ
µé¾úÀ» ¶§, ¹ÏÀ½¸¸À¸·Î ½ÅÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ» ¾ò´Â »ì·½ÀÇ º¹À½¿¡ ÁÖÃãÇÏ¿´°í, ¸¸³â¿¡ Á×À¸¸é¼ ¸»Çß´Ù. ¡°³Ê ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ±¸¿øÀ»
ÇØ°áÇ϶ó.¡±
94:7.7 (1036.1) ¼±Æ÷µÈ Áß¿¡ ÃÖ¼±À» º¸¸é Èñ»ý¹°¤ýÀÚÇÐ(í»ùË)¤ýÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ)¤ý»çÁ¦¿¡ ¸ÅÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í º¸ÆíÀûÀ¸·Î
±¸¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù´Â °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ º¹À½Àº ±× ½Ã´ë¿¡ Çõ¸íÀÌ¿ä ³î¶ó¿î ±³¸®¿´´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ³î¶ø°Ôµµ »ì·½ º¹À½ÀÇ ºÎÈï°ú °°¾Ò´Ù.
±× º¹À½Àº ¼ö¹é¸¸ÀÇ Àý¸ÁÇϴ ȥµé¿¡°Ô ±¸¿øÀ» ÁÖ¾ú°í, ±× µÚ¿¡ ¿©·¯ ¼¼±â µ¿¾È ±«»óÇÏ°Ô Àϱ׷¯Á³´Âµ¥µµ, ¼ö¸¹Àº
Àΰ£ÀÇ Èñ¸ÁÀ¸·Î¼ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Áö¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.
94:7.8 (1036.2) ½Ë´ÞŸ´Â ±×ÀÇ À̸§À» Áö´Ñ Çö´ë Á¾Æĵ鿡¼ »ì¾Æ³²Àº °Íº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ¸¹Àº Áø¸®¸¦ °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù.
±âµ¶±³°¡ ³ª»ç·¿ ¿¹¼öÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °Í°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, Çö´ë ºÒ±³´Â °íŸ¸¶ ½Ë´ÞŸÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§°ú °Å¸®°¡ ¸Ö´Ù.
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7. Gautama
Siddhartha
94:7.1 Contemporary with Lao-tse and Confucius
in China, another great teacher of truth arose in India. Gautama
Siddhartha was born in the sixth century before Christ in the
north Indian province of Nepal. His followers later made it
appear that he was the son of a fabulously wealthy ruler, but,
in truth, he was the heir apparent to the throne of a petty
chieftain who ruled by sufferance over a small and secluded
mountain valley in the southern Himalayas.
94:7.2 Gautama formulated those theories which grew into the
philosophy of Buddhism after six years of the futile practice
of Yoga. Siddhartha made a determined but unavailing fight against
the growing caste system. There was a lofty sincerity and a
unique unselfishness about this young prophet prince that greatly
appealed to the men of those days. He detracted from the practice
of seeking individual salvation through physical affliction
and personal pain. And he exhorted his followers to carry his
gospel to all the world.
94:7.3 Amid the confusion and extreme cult practices of India,
the saner and more moderate teachings of Gautama came as a refreshing
relief. He denounced gods, priests, and their sacrifices, but
he too failed to perceive the personality of the One Universal.
Not believing in the existence of individual human souls, Gautama,
of course, made a valiant fight against the time-honored belief
in transmigration of the soul. He made a noble effort to deliver
men from fear, to make them feel at ease and at home in the
great universe, but he failed to show them the pathway to that
real and supernal home of ascending mortals-Paradise-and to
the expanding service of eternal existence.
94:7.4 Gautama was a real prophet, and had he heeded the instruction
of the hermit Godad, he might have aroused all India by the
inspiration of the revival of the Salem gospel of salvation
by faith. Godad was descended through a family that had never
lost the traditions of the Melchizedek missionaries.
94:7.5 At Benares Gautama founded his school, and it was during
its second year that a pupil, Bautan, imparted to his teacher
the traditions of the Salem missionaries about the Melchizedek
covenant with Abraham; and while Siddhartha did not have a very
clear concept of the Universal Father, he took an advanced stand
on salvation through faith¡ªsimple belief. He so declared himself
before his followers and began sending his students out in groups
of sixty to proclaim to the people of India "the glad tidings
of free salvation; that all men, high and low, can attain bliss
by faith in righteousness and justice."
94:7.6 Gautama's wife believed her husband's gospel and was
the founder of an order of nuns. His son became his successor
and greatly extended the cult; he grasped the new idea of salvation
through faith but in his later years wavered regarding the Salem
gospel of divine favor through faith alone, and in his old age
his dying words were, "Work out your own salvation."
94:7.7 When proclaimed at its best, Gautama's gospel of universal
salvation, free from sacrifice, torture, ritual, and priests,
was a revolutionary and amazing doctrine for its time. And it
came surprisingly near to being a revival of the Salem gospel.
It brought succor to millions of despairing souls, and notwithstanding
its grotesque perversion during later centuries, it still persists
as the hope of millions of human beings.
94:7.8 Siddhartha taught far more truth than has survived in
the modern cults bearing his name. Modern Buddhism is no more
the teachings of Gautama Siddhartha than is Christianity the
teachings of Jesus of Nazareth.
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8.
ºÒ±³µµÀÇ ½Å¾Ó
94:8.1 (1036.3) ºÒ±³µµ°¡ µÇ±â À§Çؼ »ç¶÷Àº ¡°³ª´Â ºÎó´Ô²²
ÇǽÅÇÑ´Ù. ±³¸® ¼Ó¿¡ ÇǽÅÇÑ´Ù. ´Üü¿¡ ÇǽÅÇÑ´Ù¡±ÇÏ°í µµÇǹ®À» ¿Ü¿ö¼ ½Å¾ÓÀ» ´ëÁß ¾Õ¿¡¼ °í¹éÇϱ⸸ Çß´Ù.
94:8.2 (1036.4) ºÒ±³´Â ½ÅÈ¿¡ ±â¿øÀ» °¡Áø °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿ª»çÀû Àι°¿¡¼ ±â¿øÀ» °¡Á³´Ù. °íŸ¸¶¸¦
µû¸£´Â ÀÚµéÀº ÁÖ, ¶Ç´Â ¼±»ýÀ̶ó´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î ±×¸¦ »ç½ºÅ¸¶ó°í ºÒ·¶´Ù. ÀÚ½ÅÀ̳ª ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ Àΰ£À» ÃÊ¿ùÇÑ´Ù´Â
ÁÖÀåÀ» ÀüÇô ³»¼¼¿ìÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, Á¦ÀÚµéÀº ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ ±×¸¦ ±ú¿ìÄ£ ÀÚ, ºÎó, ³ªÁß¿¡´Â ¼®°¡¸ð´Ï ºÎó¶ó°í ºÒ·¶´Ù.
94:8.3 (1036.5) °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ º¹À½Àº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ³× °¡Áö °í±ÍÇÑ Áø¸®¿¡ ¹ÙÅÁÀ» µÎ¾ú´Ù:
94:8.4 (1036.6) 1. Àΰ£ÀÌ °íÅë¹Þ´Â´Ù´Â °í±ÍÇÑ Áø¸®.
94:8.5 (1036.7) 2. °íÅëÀÇ ±â¿ø.
94:8.6 (1036.8) 3. °íÅëÀÇ ¼Ò¸ê.
94:8.7 (1036.9) 4. °íÅëÀÇ ¼Ò¸ê¿¡ À̸£´Â ±æ.
94:8.8 (1036.10) °íÅëÀÇ ±³¸®¿Í °íÅë¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³²°ú °¡±îÀÌ ¿¬°áµÈ °ÍÀº Æȵµ(ø¢Ô³)ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ̾ú°í,
ÀÌ´Â ¹Ù¸¥ °ßÇØ, ¹Ù¸¥ Æ÷ºÎ, ¹Ù¸¥ ¸», ¹Ù¸¥ ÇàÀ§, ¹Ù¸¥ »ý°è, ¹Ù¸¥ ³ë·Â, ¹Ù¸¥ »ý°¢, ¹Ù¸¥ ¼÷°íÀÌ´Ù.[6]
°íÅë¿¡¼ µµÇÇÇÔÀ¸·Î ¸ðµç ³ë·Â¤ý¿å±¸¤ý¾ÖÁ¤À» ¾ø¾Ö´Â °ÍÀÌ °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ Àǵµ´Â ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº ¸ðµç
Èñ¸Á°ú Æ÷ºÎ¸¦ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Çö¼¼ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥¿Í ¹°Áú ´ë»ó¿¡ °Å´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇêµÊÀ» ÇÊ»ç Àΰ£¿¡°Ô º¸ÀÌ·Á°í °í¾ÈµÇ¾ú´Ù. »ç¶÷ÀÌ
µ¿·á »ç¶ûÇϱ⸦ ÇÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Âü ½ÅÀÚ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ ¹°Áú ¼¼°èÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ ³Ñ¾î¼, ¿µ¿øÇÑ
¾Õ³¯ÀÇ ½ÇüµéÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.
94:8.9 (1036.11) °íŸ¸¶°¡ ÀüÆÄÇÑ µµ´ö °èÀ²Àº ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö¿´´Ù:
94:8.10 (1036.12) 1. Á×ÀÌÁö ¸»¶ó.
94:8.11 (1036.13) 2. ÈÉÄ¡Áö ¸»¶ó.
94:8.12 (1036.14) 3. Á¤Àý(ïöï½)À» ¹ö¸®Áö ¸»¶ó.
94:8.13 (1036.15) 4. °ÅÁþ¸»ÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó.
94:8.14 (1036.16) 5. µ¶ÇÑ ¼úÀ» ¸¶½ÃÁö ¸»¶ó.
94:8.15 (1036.17) Ãß°¡ °èÀ², °ð ¹ö±Ý°¡´Â °èÀ²ÀÌ ¸î ÀÖ¾ú°í, À̸¦ ÁöÅ°´Â °ÍÀº ½ÅÀÚµéÀÇ Àç·®À̾ú´Ù.
94:8.16 (1036.18) ½Ë´ÞŸ´Â ÀΰÝÀÌ ºÒ¸êÇÔÀ» µµÀúÈ÷ ¹Ï¾ú´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀº °Ü¿ì ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ
±â´É ¿¬¼Ó¼ºÀ» »ý°¢ÇØ ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ±×´Â ¿¹ÝÀ̶ó´Â ±³¸® ¼Ó¿¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» ´ãÀ¸·Á ¶æÇß´ÂÁö °áÄÚ ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ Á¤ÀǸ¦ ³»¸®Áö
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÇÊ»çÀÚ·Î Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î üÇèÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀº ¿¹ÝÀ» »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¼Ò¸êµÈ »óÅ·Πº¸Áö
¾Ê¾ÒÀ½À» °¡¸®Å³ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿¹ÝÀº »ç¶÷À» ¹°Áú ¼¼°è¿¡ ¹¾îµÎ´Â ¸ðµç »ç½½ÀÌ ±ú¶ß·ÁÁø, ÃÖ°íÀÇ ±ú¿ìħÀÌ¿ä ÇÏ´Ã
°°ÀÌ º¹µÈ »óŸ¦ °¡¸®Ä×´Ù. ÇÊ»ç ÀλýÀÇ ¿å±¸¿¡ ¸ÅÀÌÁö ¾Ê°í ¾ðÁ¦¶óµµ ´Ù½Ã À°½ÅÀÌ µÇ´Â ¸ðµç À§Çè¿¡¼ ¹þ¾î³ª´Â
°ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.
94:8.17 (1037.1) °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ½ÅÀÇ µµ¿òÀº º°µµ·Î ÇÏ°í, ±¸¿øÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î
ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø´Ù. »ç¶÷À» ±¸¿øÇÏ´Â ¹ÏÀ½À̳ª ÃÊÀΰ£ ±Ç·ÂÀڵ鿡°Ô µå¸®´Â ±âµµ°¡ ÀÖÀ» ÀÚ¸®°¡ ¾ø´Ù. ÀεµÀÇ ¹Ì½ÅÀ» ÃÖ¼Ò·Î
ÁÙÀÌ·Á´Â ½Ãµµ·Î, °íŸ¸¶´Â ¸¶¼ú·Î »ç¶÷À» ±¸¿øÇÑ´Ù°í ¿ÜÄ¡´Â »·»·ÇÑ ÁÖÀåÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ç¶÷µéÀ» µ¹ÀÌÅ°·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇß´Ù.
±×¸®°í ÀÌ·± ³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ïÀ̸é¼, ÈÄ°èÀÚµéÀÌ ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À» À߸ø Ç®ÀÌÇÏ°í, ¹«¾ð°¡ ´Þ¼ºÇÏ·Á ÇÏ´Â Àΰ£ÀÇ ¸ðµç
³ë·ÂÀÌ ½È°í °íÅ뽺·¯¿î °ÍÀ̶ó ¿ÜÄ¡µµ·Ï ¹®À» Ȱ¦ ¿¾î ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ÃÖ°íÀÇ ÇູÀº ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÑ ¸ñÇ¥¸¦ ÃѸíÇÏ°Ô ¿½ÉÈ÷
Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú ¿¬°áµÇ°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼ºÃë´Â ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼ ÀھƸ¦ ½ÇÇöÇÏ¸é¼ ÂüÀ¸·Î Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀº
°£°úÇÏ¿´´Ù.
94:8.18 (1037.2) ½Ë´ÞŸÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Å« Áø¸®´Â ¿ìÁÖ¿¡ Àý´ëÀû ÀÀº¸°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ¼±Æ÷ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.
±×´Â ÇÊ»ç Àΰ£ÀÌ ÀÏÂïÀÌ ¹ß¸íÇÑ °¡¿îµ¥, ½ÅÀÌ ¾øÀÌ ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù. ±× öÇÐÀº ÀÌ»óÀû Àκ»ÁÖÀÇ¿´°í,
¹Ì½Å°ú ¸¶¼ú ÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ), ±Í½ÅÀ̳ª ¾Ç±Í °øÆ÷ÁõÀÌ »ý±æ ±Ù°Å¸¦ ¾ÆÁÖ ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ¾ø¾Ö¹ö·È´Ù.
94:8.19 (1037.3) ºÒ±³¿¡¼ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ º¹À½¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Å« ¾àÁ¡Àº ±× º¹À½ÀÌ »ç½É ¾øÀÌ »çȸ¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â
Á¾±³¸¦ ³ºÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ºÒ±³ ´Üü´Â ¿À·§µ¿¾È, ½ÅÀÚµéÀÇ ¿ì¾Ö ´Üü°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿ÀÈ÷·Á Á¶±³(ð¾Îç)µéÀÇ °øµ¿Ã¼¿´´Ù.
°íŸ¸¶´Â ±×µéÀÌ µ· ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÝÇß°í, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÔÀ¸·Î °èÃþ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ ¼ºÇâÀÌ ÀÚ¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·À¸·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù. °íŸ¸¶
ÀÚ½ÅÀº »ó´çÈ÷ »ç±³ÀûÀ̾ú´Ù. Âü¸»·Î ±×ÀÇ ÀÏ»ýÀº ±×ÀÇ ¼³±³º¸´Ù ÈξÀ À§´ëÇß´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[6] 94:8.8 ºÒ±³¿¡¼ ïá̸¤ýïáïÒ¤ýïáåë¤ýïáåö¤ýïáÙ¤¤ýïáïñòä¤ýïáÒ·¤ýïáÞÖêîÀÇ
ø¢ïáÔ³.
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8. The Buddhist Faith
94:8.1 To become a Buddhist, one merely
made public profession of the faith by reciting the Refuge:
"I take my refuge in the Buddha; I take my refuge in the
Doctrine; I take my refuge in the Brotherhood."
94:8.2 Buddhism took origin in a historic person, not in a myth.
Gautama's followers called him Sasta, meaning master or teacher.
While he made no superhuman claims for either himself or his
teachings, his disciples early began to call him the enlightened
one, the Buddha; later on, Sakyamuni Buddha.
94:8.3 The original gospel of Gautama was based on the four
noble truths:
94:8.4.1. The noble truths of suffering.
94:8.5.2. The origins of suffering.
94:8.6.3. The destruction of suffering.
94:8.7.4. The way to the destruction of suffering.
94:8.8 Closely linked to the doctrine of suffering and the escape
therefrom was the philosophy of the Eightfold Path: right views,
aspirations, speech, conduct, livelihood, effort, mindfulness,
and contemplation. It was not Gautama's intention to attempt
to destroy all effort, desire, and affection in the escape from
suffering; rather was his teaching designed to picture to mortal
man the futility of pinning all hope and aspirations entirely
on temporal goals and material objectives. It was not so much
that love of one's fellows should be shunned as that the true
believer should also look beyond the associations of this material
world to the realities of the eternal future.
94:8.9 The moral commandments of Gautama's preachment were five
in number:
94:8.10 You shall not kill.
94:8.11 You shall not steal.
94:8.12 You shall not be unchaste.
94:8.13 You shall not lie.
94:8.14 You shall not drink intoxicating liquors.
94:8.15 There were several additional or secondary commandments,
whose observance was optional with believers.
94:8.16 Siddhartha hardly believed in the immortality of the
human personality; his philosophy only provided for a sort of
functional continuity. He never clearly defined what he meant
to include in the doctrine of Nirvana. The fact that it could
theoretically be experienced during mortal existence would indicate
that it was not viewed as a state of complete annihilation.
It implied a condition of supreme enlightenment and supernal
bliss wherein all fetters binding man to the material world
had been broken; there was freedom from the desires of mortal
life and deliverance from all danger of ever again experiencing
incarnation.
94:8.17 According to the original teachings of Gautama, salvation
is achieved by human effort, apart from divine help; there is
no place for saving faith or prayers to superhuman powers. Gautama,
in his attempt to minimize the superstitions of India, endeavored
to turn men away from the blatant claims of magical salvation.
And in making this effort, he left the door wide open for his
successors to misinterpret his teaching and to proclaim that
all human striving for attainment is distasteful and painful.
His followers overlooked the fact that the highest happiness
is linked with the intelligent and enthusiastic pursuit of worthy
goals, and that such achievements constitute true progress in
cosmic self-realization.
94:8.18 The great truth of Siddhartha's teaching was his proclamation
of a universe of absolute justice. He taught the best godless
philosophy ever invented by mortal man; it was the ideal humanism
and most effectively removed all grounds for superstition, magical
rituals, and fear of ghosts or demons.
94:8.19 The great weakness in the original gospel of Buddhism
was that it did not produce a religion of unselfish social service.
The Buddhistic brotherhood was, for a long time, not a fraternity
of believers but rather a community of student teachers. Gautama
forbade their receiving money and thereby sought to prevent
the growth of hierarchal tendencies. Gautama himself was highly
social; indeed, his life was much greater than his preachment.
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9.
ºÒ±³ÀÇ ÀüÆÄ
94:9.1 (1037.4) ºÒ±³°¡ ºÎó, °ð ±ú¿ìÄ£ ÀÚ¸¦ ¹ÏÀ½À¸·Î ±¸¿ø
¾ò±â¸¦ ±ÇÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ ºÒ±³´Â ¹ø¼ºÇß´Ù. ºÒ±³´Â µ¿ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ µÎ·ç ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â ¾î´À ´Ù¸¥ Á¾±³ ü°èº¸´Ù ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ
Áø¸®¸¦ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ´ëÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ³·Àº Ä«½ºÆ®ÀÇ ±ºÁÖ¿´´ø ¾Æ¼ÒÄ«°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ³ë·ÂÀ¸·Î ºÒ±³¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÒ
¶§±îÁö, ºÒ±³´Â ÇÑ Á¾±³·Î¼ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¾Æ¼ÒÄ«´Â ¿¡ÁýÆ®ÀÇ ÀÌÅ©³ªÅæ ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î, ¸á±â¼¼µ¦°ú ¹Ì°¡¿¤ »çÀÌ¿¡
°¡Àå ´«¿¡ ¶ç´Â ±¹°¡ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ Áß¿¡ Çϳª¿´´Ù. ¾Æ¼ÒÄ«´Â ºÒ±³ ¼±±³»çµéÀÇ ¼±ÀüÀ» ÅëÇؼ Å« Àεµ Á¦±¹À» ¼¼¿ü´Ù.
25³âÀÇ ±â°£¿¡ ±×´Â 1¸¸ 7õ ¸íÀÌ ³Ñ´Â ¼±±³»ç¸¦ ÈƷýÃÅ°°í, À̵éÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¿Â ¼¼°èÀÇ °¡Àå ¸Õ ¹Ì°³Ã´Áö±îÁö
º¸³Â´Ù. ÇÑ ¼¼´ë ¾È¿¡ ±×´Â ¼¼°èÀÇ Àý¹Ý¿¡¼ ºÒ±³°¡ Áö¹èÀû Á¾±³°¡ µÇ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ºÒ±³´Â Ƽºª¤ýÄ«½¬¹Ì¸£¤ý¼¼ÀÏ·Ð,
¹ö¸¶¤ýÀÚ¹Ù¤ý½Ã¾Ï¤ý°í·Á[7]¤ýÁß±¹¤ýÀϺ»¿¡¼ °ð ÀÚ¸®°¡ ÀâÇû´Ù. Å©°Ô º¸¾Æ¼, ºÒ±³´Â ºÒ±³°¡ °¥¾ÆÄ¡¿ì°Å³ª °³·®ÇÑ
°Íµéº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ¶Ù¾î³ Á¾±³¿´´Ù.
94:9.2 (1037.5) ºÒ±³°¡ ÀεµÀÇ °íÇâÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ Àüü·Î ÀüÆÄµÈ °ÍÀº ¼º½ÇÇÑ Á¾±³°¡µéÀÌ ¿µÀûÀ¸·Î
Çå½ÅÇÏ°í ²öÁú±â°Ô ¼±±³ÇÑ Èï¹Ì ÀÖ´Â À̾߱â ÁßÀÇ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ º¹À½À» ÀüÇÏ´Â ¼±»ýµéÀº À°·Î·Î Ä«¶ó¹Ý ±æÀÇ
À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨½èÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ ´ë·úÀ» Áö³ª¼ »ç¸íÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ Áß±¹ÇØÀÇ À§Çè¿¡ ºÎµúÃÆ°í, ±×µéÀÇ
½Å¾ÓÀÌ ÀüÇÏ´Â ¼Ò½ÄÀ» ¸ðµç ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô °¡Á®´Ù ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ºÒ±³´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ ´Ü¼øÇÑ ±³¸®°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù.
±×¸¦ ½ÅÀ¸·Î ¸¸µç, ±âÀûÀÌ µÈ º¹À½À̾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àεµ¿¡¼ ±× °íÁö(ÍÔò¢)ÀÇ °íÇâÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ºÒ±³°¡ ¸Ö¸®¸Ö¸® ÆÛÁü¿¡
µû¶ó¼, ºÒ±³´Â °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§°ú ´õ¿í ´Þ¶óÁ³°í, ºÒ±³°¡ °¥¾ÆÄ¡¿î Á¾±³µé°ú ´õ¿í ºñ½ÁÇØÁ³´Ù.
94:9.3 (1038.1) ºÒ±³´Â ³ªÁß¿¡ Áß±¹¿¡¼ µµ±³¿¡, ÀϺ»¿¡¼´Â ½Åµµ¿¡, Ƽºª¿¡¼´Â ±âµ¶±³¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ¿µÇâÀ»
¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. 1õ ³âÀÌ Áö³ µÚ¿¡, ºÒ±³´Â Àεµ¿¡¼ ´ÜÁö ½Ãµé°í »ç¶óÁ³´Ù. ºÒ±³´Â ºê¶ó¸¸ÈµÇ°í ³ªÁß¿¡´Â ºñ±¼ÇÏ°Ô
À̽½¶÷¿¡°Ô Ç׺¹ÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÇÑÆí ³ª¸ÓÁö µ¿¾çÀÇ »ó´ç ºÎºÐ¿¡¼ °íŸ¸¶ ½Ë´ÞŸ°¡ °áÄÚ ¾Ë¾Æº¸Áö ¸øÇßÀ» ÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ)À¸·Î
ÅðȵǾú´Ù.
94:9.4 (1038.2) ³²ÂÊ¿¡¼ ½Ë´ÞŸÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§¿¡¼ ±Ùº»ÁÖÀÇÀÚÀÇ ÀüÇü(îðúþ)Àº ¼¼ÀÏ·Ð, ¹ö¸¶, ÀεµÂ÷À̳ª
¹Ýµµ¿¡¼ Áö¼ÓÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÃʱâÀÇ ±³¸®, Áï ¹Ý»çȸÀû ±³¸®¸¦ °í¼öÇÏ´Â, ºÒ±³ÀÇ È÷³ª¾ß³ª Á¾ÆÄÀÌ´Ù.
94:9.5 (1038.3) ±×·¯³ª ¹Ìó Àεµ¿¡¼ ºØ±«Çϱâ Àü¿¡, °íŸ¸¶ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚÀÇ Áß±¹ Áý´Ü°ú ºÏºÎ Àεµ Áý´ÜÀº,
È÷³ª¾ß³ª, Áï ¡°¼Ò½Â(á³ã«)¡±À» °í¼öÇÑ ³²ÂÊÀÇ ¼ø¼öÆĵé°ú ´ëÁ¶Çؼ, ±¸¿ø¿¡ À̸£´Â ¡°´ë½Â(ÓÞã«)¡± ¸¶ÇϾ߳ª
°¡¸£Ä§À» ºñ·Î¼Ò °³¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ´ë½Â ºÒ±³ ½ÅÀÚµéÀº ºÒ±³ ±³¸®¿¡ º»·¡ºÎÅÍ ÀÖ´ø »çȸÀû Á¦ÇÑ¿¡¼ Ç®·Á³µ°í, ±×
µÚ·Î ´Ã, ºÒ±³ÀÇ ÀÌ ºÏÂÊ °¡Áö´Â Áß±¹°ú ÀϺ»¿¡¼ °è¼Ó ÁøÈÇÏ¿´´Ù.
94:9.6 (1038.4) ºÒ±³°¡ ¿À´Ã³¯ »ý»ýÇÏ°í ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â Á¾±³°¡ µÈ °ÍÀº ºÒ±³°¡ ±× ½ÅµµµéÀÇ °¡Àå ³ôÀº
µµ´öÀû °¡Ä¡¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ º¸Á¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¼º°øÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ºÒ±³´Â Â÷ºÐÇÔ°ú ÀÚÁ¦¸¦ ±ÇÀåÇÏ°í, ¸¶À½ÀÇ Ä§Âø°ú ÇູÀ»
Å°¿ì°í, ½½ÇÄ°ú ¾ÖÅëÀ» ¸·´Â µ¥ Å©°Ô À̹ÙÁöÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ¹Ï´Â ÀÚ´Â ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷º¸´Ù ´õ ³´°Ô
ÀλýÀ» »ê´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[7] 94:9.1 Áö±ÝÀÇ Çѹݵµ, °ð °í·Á¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
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9. The Spread
of Buddhism
94:9.1 Buddhism prospered
because it offered salvation through belief in the Buddha, the
enlightened one. It was more representative of the Melchizedek
truths than any other religious system to be found throughout
eastern Asia. But Buddhism did not become widespread as a religion
until it was espoused in self-protection by the low-caste monarch
Asoka, who, next to Ikhnaton in Egypt, was one of the most remarkable
civil rulers between Melchizedek and Michael. Asoka built a
great Indian empire through the propaganda of his Buddhist missionaries.
During a period of twenty-five years he trained and sent forth
more than seventeen thousand missionaries to the farthest frontiers
of all the known world. In one generation he made Buddhism the
dominant religion of one half the world. It soon became established
in Tibet, Kashmir, Ceylon, Burma, Java, Siam, Korea, China,
and Japan. And generally speaking, it was a religion vastly
superior to those which it supplanted or upstepped.
94:9.2 The spread of Buddhism from its homeland in India to
all of Asia is one of the thrilling stories of the spiritual
devotion and missionary persistence of sincere religionists.
The teachers of Gautama's gospel not only braved the perils
of the overland caravan routes but faced the dangers of the
China Seas as they pursued their mission over the Asiatic continent,
bringing to all peoples the message of their faith. But this
Buddhism was no longer the simple doctrine of Gautama; it was
the miraculized gospel which made him a god. And the farther
Buddhism spread from its highland home in India, the more unlike
the teachings of Gautama it became, and the more like the religions
it supplanted, it grew to be.
94:9.3 Buddhism, later on, was much affected by Taoism in China,
Shinto in Japan, and Christianity in Tibet. After a thousand
years, in India Buddhism simply withered and expired. It became
Brahmanized and later abjectly surrendered to Islam, while throughout
much of the rest of the Orient it degenerated into a ritual
which Gautama Siddhartha would never have recognized.
94:9.4 In the south the fundamentalist stereotype of the teachings
of Siddhartha persisted in Ceylon, Burma, and the Indo-China
peninsula. This is the Hinayana division of Buddhism which clings
to the early or asocial doctrine.
94:9.5 But even before the collapse in India, the Chinese and
north Indian groups of Gautama's followers had begun the development
of the Mahayana teaching of the " Great Road " to
salvation in contrast with the purists of the south who held
to the Hinayana, or " Lesser Road. " And these Mahayanists
cast loose from the social limitations inherent in the Buddhist
doctrine, and ever since has this northern division of Buddhism
continued to evolve in China and Japan.
94:9.6 Buddhism is a living, growing religion today because
it succeeds in conserving many of the highest moral values of
its adherents. It promotes calmness and self-control, augments
serenity and happiness, and does much to prevent sorrow and
mourning. Those who believe this philosophy live better lives
than many who do not.
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10.
Ƽºª¿¡ ÀÖ´ø Á¾±³
94:10.1 (1038.5) Ƽºª¿¡´Â ºÒ±³¤ýÈùµÎ±³¤ýµµ±³¤ý±âµ¶±³¿Í ÅëÇյǾî
¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ °¡Àå ÀÌ»óÇÏ°Ô °ü·ÃµÈ °ÍÀ» ã¾Æº¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ºÒ±³ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ Æ¼ºªÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¬À» ¶§, ±×µéÀº
Ãʱ⠱⵶±³ ¼±±³»çµéÀÌ À¯·´ÀÇ ºÏÂÊ ºÎÁ·µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßÇÑ °Í°ú ¾ÆÁÖ ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¿ø½ÃÀÇ ¾ß¸¸ »óÅÂ¿Í ¸¶ÁÖÃÆ´Ù.
94:10.2 (1038.6) ÀÌ ¼øÁøÇÑ Æ¼ºª »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿À·¡µÈ ¸¶¼ú°ú ºÎÀûÀ» ÀüºÎ ¹ö¸®·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯
Ƽºª ÀǽĿ¡ ÀÖ´Â Á¾±³ ¿¹½ÄÀ» °ËÅäÇØ º¸¸é, ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ¹Î »çÁ¦ÀÇ ´Üü°¡ Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ¼ºÀåÇÑ °ÍÀ» µå·¯³»¸ç, À̵éÀº
Á¾(ñ¤)¤ý³ë·¡¤ýÇâ(úÅ), Çà·Ä¤ý¹¬ÁÖ¤ýÇü»ó, ºÎÀû¤ý±×¸², °Å·èÇÑ ¹°, È·ÁÇÑ ÀÇ»ó, ±×¸®°í Á¤¼ºµéÀÎ ¼º°¡´ë¸¦
Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â Á¤±³ÇÑ ÀǽÄÀ» °ÅÇàÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±»¾îÁø ±³¸®¿Í °æÁ÷µÈ ½ÅÁ¶, ½Åºñ½º·¯¿î Àǽİú Ưº°ÇÑ ±Ý½ÄÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
±×µéÀÇ °èÃþÀº Áߤý¿©½Â¤ýÁÖÁö(ñ¬ò¥)µé°ú Å« ¶ó¸¶¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº õ»ç¿Í ¼ºÀÚµé, °Å·èÇÑ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¿Í ½Åµé¿¡°Ô
±âµµÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº Á˸¦ °í¹éÇÏ°í, ¿¬¿ÁÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ÀýÀº ±¤´ëÇÏ°í »ç¿ø(ÞÑêÂ)Àº ¿õÀåÇÏ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¼º½º·¯¿î ÀǽÄÀ»
²÷ÀÓ¾øÀÌ µÇÇ®ÀÌÇÏ°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¿¹½ÄÀÌ ±¸¿øÀ» ÁØ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ±âµµ¹®À» ¹ÙÄû¿¡ ºÙÀÌ°í, ¹ÙÄû°¡ µ¹¸é ±× °£±¸°¡
È¿·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â´Ù. Çö´ë¿¡ ¾î´À ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·¿¡¼µµ ±×·¸°Ô ¸¹Àº Á¾±³·ÎºÎÅÍ ±×·¸°Ô ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» ÁؼöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ»
ã¾Æº¼ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ´©ÀûµÈ ÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ) ¹®ÁýÀº Å͹«´Ï¾øÀÌ ¼º°¡½Ã°í ¸ø °ßµô ÁüÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀº ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÏ´Ù.
94:10.3 (1038.7) Ƽºª »ç¶÷µéÀº, Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¾ÆµéÀÎ °Í°ú »ç¶÷³¢¸® ÇüÁ¦ÀÎ °Í, ±×¸®°í ¿µ¿øÇÑ ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼
´Ã ¿Ã¶ó°¡´Â ½Ã¹ÎÀ̶ó´Â ¿¹¼ö º¹À½ÀÇ °£´ÜÇÑ °¡¸£Ä§À» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ¸ðµç ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¼¼°è Á¾±³·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡¸¦ ¾ò¾î
¿Ô´Ù.
¡ãTop
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10. Religion
in Tibet
94:10.1 In Tibet may be
found the strangest association of the Melchizedek teachings
combined with Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, and Christianity.
When the Buddhist missionaries entered Tibet, they encountered
a state of primitive savagery very similar to that which the
early Christian missionaries found among the northern tribes
of Europe.
94:10.2 These simple-minded Tibetans would not wholly give up
their ancient magic and charms. Examination of the religious
ceremonials of present-day Tibetan rituals reveals an overgrown
brotherhood of priests with shaven heads who practice an elaborate
ritual embracing bells, chants, incense, processionals, rosaries,
images, charms, pictures, holy water, gorgeous vestments, and
elaborate choirs. They have rigid dogmas and crystallized creeds,
mystic rites and special fasts. Their hierarchy embraces monks,
nuns, abbots, and the Grand Lama. They pray to angels, saints,
a Holy Mother, and the gods. They practice confessions and believe
in purgatory. Their monasteries are extensive and their cathedrals
magnificent. They keep up an endless repetition of sacred rituals
and believe that such ceremonials bestow salvation. Prayers
are fastened to a wheel, and with its turning they believe the
petitions become efficacious. Among no other people of modern
times can be found the observance of so much from so many religions;
and it is inevitable that such a cumulative liturgy would become
inordinately cumbersome and intolerably burdensome.
94:10.3 The Tibetans have something of all the leading world
religions except the simple teachings of the Jesusonian gospel:
sonship with God, brotherhood with man, and ever-ascending citizenship
in the eternal universe.
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11.
ºÒ±³µµÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐ
94:11.1 (1038.8) ºÒ±³´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ ÀÌÈÄ Ã¹Â° õ³â¿¡ Áß±¹À¸·Î
µé¾î°¬°í, ȲÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ Á¾±³ °ü½À¿¡ Àß µé¾î¸Â¾Ò´Ù. Á¶»óÀ» ¼þ¹èÇÏ¸é¼ ±×µéÀº Á×Àº ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¿À·§µ¿¾È ºô¾ú´Ù; ÀÌÁ¦
±×µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ Á×Àº ÀÚ¸¦ À§Çؼµµ ºô ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ºÒ±³´Â »ç±×¶óÁö´Â µµ±³¿¡¼ ³²Àº ÀÇ½Ä Ç³½À°ú °ð ¼¯¿´´Ù. ¿¹¹è¸¦
µå¸®´Â »ç¿ø(ÞÑêÂ)°ú ºÐ¸íÇÑ Á¾±³ Àǽİú ´õºÒ¾î, »õ·Î ÇÕ¼ºµÈ ÀÌ Á¾±³´Â °ð Áß±¹¤ý°í·Á¤ýÀϺ»ÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÌ ³Î¸®
¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÎ Á¾ÆÄ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:11.2 (1039.1) °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀÌ ±× Á¾ÆÄÀÇ ÀüÅë°ú °¡¸£Ä§À» ³Ê¹« ¿Ö°îÇÏ¿© ±×¸¦ ½Å¼ºÇÑ Á¸Àç·Î
¸¸µé ¶§±îÁö ºÒ±³°¡ ¼¼»ó¿¡ ÀüÇØÁöÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀº, ¾î¶² ¸é¿¡¼ ºÒÇàÇÑ ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·±µ¥µµ ±×ÀÇ Àλý¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÌ
½ÅÈ´Â, ¼ö¸¹Àº ±âÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÇÁ¦·Î Ä¡ÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù½ÃÇÇ, ºÒ±³ÀÇ ºÏºÎ º¹À½, °ð ¸¶ÇϾ߳ª º¹À½À» µè´Â Àڵ鿡°Ô ¹«Ã´
È£¼Ò·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ÆǸíµÇ¾ú´Ù.
94:11.3 (1039.2) ³ªÁß¿¡ ±×ÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµé °¡¿îµ¥ ´õ·¯´Â ¼®°¡¸ð´Ï ºÎóÀÇ ¿µÀÌ »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ºÎó·Î¼
¶¥¿¡ Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Â´Ù°í °¡¸£ÃÆ°í, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ºÎóÀÇ Çü»ó¤ýÀý¤ýÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ), ±×¸®°í »ç±â²ÛÀÎ ¡°»ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ºÎóµé¡±ÀÌ
¹«±âÇÑÀ¸·Î ¿µ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ±æÀ» ¿¾î³õ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌó·³ À§´ëÇÑ ÀεµÀÎÀÇ ½Å±³(ãæÎç)´Â ±Ã±Ø¿¡, ±×°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ µÎ·Á¿ò ¾øÀÌ
´ëÇ×ÇÏ°í ±×Åä·Ï ¿ë°¨È÷ ºñ³Çß´ø ¹Ù·Î ±× ¿¹½Ä dz½À¿¡, ±×¸®°í ÀǽĿë ÁÖ¹®¿¡, ±× ÀÚü°¡ ¹¿© ÀÖÀ½À» ¹ß°ßÇß´Ù.
94:11.4 (1039.3) ºÒ±³µµÀÇ Ã¶Çп¡¼ Å« ¹ßÀüÀº ¸ðµç Áø¸®ÀÇ »ó´ë¼ºÀ» ÀÌÇØÇß´Ù´Â µ¥ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ °¡¼³ÀÇ
ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÅëÇؼ, ºÒ±³µµ´Â ÀڽŰú ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ »ç¶÷ »çÀÌÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÀÚ±â³× Á¾±³ °æÀü(Ìèîð)µéÀÇ »óÀÌÁ¡À»
ÀýÃæÇÏ°í »ó°ü½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÛÀº Áø¸®´Â ÀÛÀº Áö¼ºÀ» À§ÇÏ¿©, Å« Áø¸®´Â Å« Áö¼ºÀ» À§ÇÑ °ÍÀ̶ó°í °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù.
94:11.5 (1039.4) ÀÌ Ã¶ÇÐÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ºÎóÀÇ (½Å´Ù¿î) ¼ºÇ°ÀÌ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ ¾È¿¡ °ÅÇÑ´Ù°í, »ç¶÷Àº ½º½º·Î
³ë·ÂÇؼ ÀÌ ¼Ó »ç¶÷ÀÇ ½Å¼ºÀ» ½ÇÇöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇß´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ °¡¸£Ä§Àº À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Á¾±³°¡ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ±êµå´Â
Á¶ÀýÀÚÀÇ Áø¸®¸¦ °¡Àå ¶Ñ·ÇÇÏ°Ô ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ °Í Áß¿¡ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.
94:11.6 (1039.5) ±×·¯³ª ½Ë´ÞŸÀÇ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ º¹À½¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Å« Á¦ÇÑÀº, ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀÌ Ç®ÀÌÇÑ ¹Ù¿Í °°ÀÌ,
ÀھƸ¦ °´°üÀû ½Çü·ÎºÎÅÍ °í¸³½ÃÅ°´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÇÊ»ç ¼ºÇ°ÀÇ ¸ðµç ÇÑ°è·ÎºÎÅÍ Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀھƸ¦ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ Çعæ½ÃÅ°·Á Çß´Ù´Â
°ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¿ìÁÖ¿¡¼ ÀÚ¾ÆÀÇ ÂüµÈ ½ÇÇöÀº ¿ìÁÖÀÇ ½Çü, ±×¸®°í °ø°£¿¡ Á¦ÇÑ¹Þ°í ½Ã°£¿¡ Á¦¾àµÇ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁö¤ýÁö¼º¤ý¿µÀ¸·Î
ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø À¯ÇÑÇÑ ¿ìÁÖ¿Í ÀÏü°¡ µÇ´Â °á°ú·Î¼ »ý±ä´Ù.
94:11.7 (1039.6) ±×·¯³ª ºÒ±³ÀÇ ¿¹½Ä°ú °ÑÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â Çà»ç°¡ ºÒ±³°¡ ¿©ÇàÇÑ ¿©·¯ ³ª¶ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â
¿¹½Ä°ú Çà»ç¿¡ ¾öû³ª°Ô ¿À¿°µÇ¾ú¾îµµ, ¶§¶§·Î ÀÌ Ã¼°èÀÇ »ç»ó°ú °ü³äÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÎ À§´ëÇÑ »ç»ó°¡µéÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀû »ýÈ°¿¡
ÀÌ·± ÅðÈ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù°í Àß¶ó ¸»ÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. 2õ ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï, ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¸¹Àº ÃÖ°í Áö¼ºÀÎÀº Àý´ë Áø¸®¿Í Àý´ëÀÚ¿¡
°üÇÑ Áø¸®¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦¿¡ ÈûÀ» ±â¿ï¿´´Ù.
94:11.8 (1039.7) Àý´ëÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³ôÀº °³³äÀÇ ÁøÈ´Â ¸¹Àº »ý°¢ °æ·Î¸¦ ÅëÇؼ, ºø³ª°£ ³í¸®ÀÇ ±æÀ»
°ÅÃļ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ ¹«ÇÑÀÇ ±³¸®°¡ À§·Î ¿Ã¶ó°£ ±æÀº È÷ºê¸® ½ÅÇп¡¼ Çϳª´Ô °³³äÀÌ ÁøÈÇÑ °Í¸¸Å ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ
Á¤ÀǵÇÁö´Â ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·±µ¥µµ ¿ìÁÖµéÀÇ ½ÃÃÊ ±Ù¿øÀ» »ó»óÇÏ´Â µµÁß¿¡, ºÒ±³µµÀÇ Áö¼ºÀÌ ´Ù´Ù¸£°í, ¸Ó¹«¸£°í, °ÅÃÄ
°£ ¾î¶² ÀÏ¹Ý ¼öÁØÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
94:11.9 (1039.8) 1. °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ Àü¼³. °³³äÀÇ ±ÙÀú¿¡´Â ÀεµÀÇ ¼±ÁöÀÚ¿´´ø ¿ÕÀÚ, ½Ë´ÞŸÀÇ ÀÏ»ý°ú
°¡¸£Ä§, Áï ¿ª»çÀû »ç½ÇÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. °íŸ¸¶¸¦ ±ú¿ìÄ£ ÀÚ¶ó´Â °ü³äÀÇ »óŸ¦ ³Ñ¾î¼ Ãß°¡µÈ ¼Ó¼ºÀ» ºñ·Î¼Ò ¾òÀ»
¶§±îÁö, ÀÌ Àü¼³Àº ¿©·¯ ¼¼±â¸¦ ÅëÇؼ, ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ³ÐÀº ¶¥À» Åë°úÇÏ¸ç ¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, ½ÅÈ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ÀÚ¶ú´Ù.
94:11.10 (1040.1) 2. ¿©·¯ ºÎó. °íŸ¸¶°¡ ÀεµÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô ¿Ô´Ù¸é, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¾ÆµæÈ÷ ¸Õ °ú°Å¿¡
ÀηùÀÇ Á¾Á·µéÀº ´Ù¸¥ Áø¸® ¼±»ýÀÌ ¿À½Ã´Â ÃູÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í, ¾ÆµæÈ÷ ¸Õ ¾Õ³¯¿¡ ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ ¶Ç ÃູÀ» ¹ÞÀ»
°ÍÀ̶ó »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Ã߸®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ºÎó°¡ ¸¹ÀÌ, Á¦ÇÑ ¾øÀÌ ¹«ÇÑÈ÷ ÀÖ´Ù, ¾Æ´Ï ´©±¸³ª ºÎó°¡ µÇ±â¸¦¡ªºÎóÀÇ
½Å¼ºÀ» ¾ò±â¸¦¡ª¹Ù¶ö ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏ´Â °¡¸£Ä§µµ ³º¾Ò´Ù.
94:11.11 (1040.2) 3. Àý´ë ºÎó. ºÎóµéÀÇ ¼ö°¡ ¹«ÇÑ¿¡ °¡±îÀÌ À̸¦ ¶§°¡ µÇÀÚ, ´Ù·ç±â Èûµç
ÀÌ °³³äÀ» ±× ½ÃÀýÀÇ Áö¼ºÀÎÀÌ ´Ù½Ã ÅëÀÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼, ¸ðµç ºÎó°¡ ´ÜÁö ¾î¶² ´õ ³ôÀº
º»Áú, ¹«ÇÑÇÏ°í Á¶°Ç ¾øÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² ¿µ¿øÇÑ Çϳª, ¸ðµç ½ÇüÀÇ ¾î¶² Àý´ë ±Ù¿øÀÌ °ÑÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â
°¡¸£Ä§ÀÌ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú´Ù. ¿©±â¼ºÎÅÍ °è¼Ó, ºÒ±³¿¡¼ ½Å °³³äÀº, ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ÇüÅ·Πº¸¾Æ¼, °íŸ¸¶ ½Ë´ÞŸÀÇ Àΰ£ ¸öÀ»
¹þ¾î³ª°í, ±× °³³äÀ» ²öÀ¸·Î ¹¾î µÎ¾ú´ø, »ç¶÷ ¸ð½ÀÀÇ Á¦ÇÑÀ» ¹þ¾î ¹ö·È´Ù. ÀÌ ÃÖÁ¾ °³³ä, ¿µ¿øÇÑ ºÎó´Â
Àý´ëÀÚ, ¶§·Î´Â ¹«ÇÑÇÑ ½º½º·Î °è½Å À̿͵µ ½±°Ô µ¿ÀÏ½ÃµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
94:11.12 (1040.3) ÀÌ Àý´ë ½Å °ü³äÀº °áÄÚ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ ¹ÎÁ·µé »çÀÌ¿¡ Å©°Ô À¯ÇàÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, ÀÌ°ÍÀº
ÀÌ ¶¥ÀÇ Áö½ÄÀεé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ±×µéÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» ÅëÀÏÇÏ°í ¿ìÁÖ·ÐÀ» Á¶È½ÃÅ°µµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. Àý´ë ºÎó °³³äÀº ¶§¶§·Î
ÁØ(ñÞ)¼º°ÝÀ» °¡Á³°í, ¶§¶§·Î ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ ºñ¼º°ÝÀ̾ú´Ù¡ª¾Æ´Ï ¹«ÇÑÇÑ Ã¢Á¶ ¼¼·ÂÀ̱⵵ Çß´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ °³³äÀº öÇп¡
µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾îµµ, Á¾±³ÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ» Á¿ìÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. »ç¶÷ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ÇÑ ¾ß¿þÁ¶Â÷µµ, ¹«ÇÑÈ÷ ¸Ö¸® ÀÖ´Â, ºÒ±³³ª ºê¶ó¸¸±³ÀÇ
Àý´ëÀÚº¸´Ù ´õ Å« Á¾±³Àû °¡Ä¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
94:11.13 (1040.4) ¶§¶§·Î Àý´ëÀÚ´Â ¹«ÇÑÇÑ ½º½º·Î °è½Å ÀÌ ¾È¿¡ ´ã°Ü ÀÖ´Ù°íµµ »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª
ÀÌ ÃßÃøÀº ¾à¼ÓÀÇ ¸»¾¸, °ð Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¹Ï´Â °ÍÀÌ ½ÅÀÇ ÀºÃÑÀ» ¾ò°í ¿µ¿øÈ÷ »ì¾Æ³²´Â °ÍÀ» º¸ÀåÇϸ®¶ó´Â »ì·½ÀÇ
´Ü¼øÇÑ º¹À½À» ¹«Ã´ µè°í ½Í¾îÇß´ø °¥±ÞÇÑ ´ëÁß¿¡°Ô Âù¹°À» ³¢¾ñ¾î À§·ÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.
¡ãTop
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11. Buddhist
Philosophy
94:11.1 Buddhism entered
China in the first millennium after Christ, and it fitted well
into the religious customs of the yellow race. In ancestor worship
they had long prayed to the dead; now they could also pray for
them. Buddhism soon amalgamated with the lingering ritualistic
practices of disintegrating Taoism. This new synthetic religion
with its temples of worship and definite religious ceremonial
soon became the generally accepted cult of the peoples of China,
Korea, and Japan.
94:11.2 While in some respects it is unfortunate that Buddhism
was not carried to the world until after Gautama's followers
had so perverted the traditions and teachings of the cult as
to make of him a divine being, nonetheless this myth of his
human life, embellished as it was with a multitude of miracles,
proved very appealing to the auditors of the northern or Mahayana
gospel of Buddhism.
94:11.3 Some of his later followers taught that Sakyamuni Buddha's
spirit returned periodically to earth as a living Buddha, thus
opening the way for an indefinite perpetuation of Buddha images,
temples, rituals, and impostor "living Buddhas." Thus
did the religion of the great Indian protestant eventually find
itself shackled with those very ceremonial practices and ritualistic
incantations against which he had so fearlessly fought, and
which he had so valiantly denounced.
94:11.4 The great advance made in Buddhist philosophy consisted
in its comprehension of the relativity of all truth. Through
the mechanism of this hypothesis Buddhists have been able to
reconcile and correlate the divergencies within their own religious
scriptures as well as the differences between their own and
many others. It was taught that the small truth was for little
minds, the large truth for great minds.
94:11.5 This philosophy also held that the Buddha (divine) nature
resided in all men; that man, through his own endeavors, could
attain to the realization of this inner divinity. And this teaching
is one of the clearest presentations of the truth of the indwelling
Adjusters ever to be made by a Urantian religion.
94:11.6 But a great limitation in the original gospel of Siddhartha,
as it was interpreted by his followers, was that it attempted
the complete liberation of the human self from all the limitations
of the mortal nature by the technique of isolating the self
from objective reality. True cosmic self-realization results
from identification with cosmic reality and with the finite
cosmos of energy, mind, and spirit, bounded by space and conditioned
by time.
94:11.7 But though the ceremonies and outward observances of
Buddhism became grossly contaminated with those of the lands
to which it traveled, this degeneration was not altogether the
case in the philosophical life of the great thinkers who, from
time to time, embraced this system of thought and belief. Through
more than two thousand years, many of the best minds of Asia
have concentrated upon the problem of ascertaining absolute
truth and the truth of the Absolute.
94:11.8 The evolution of a high concept of the Absolute was
achieved through many channels of thought and by devious paths
of reasoning. The upward ascent of this doctrine of infinity
was not so clearly defined as was the evolution of the God concept
in Hebrew theology. Nevertheless, there were certain broad levels
which the minds of the Buddhists reached, tarried upon, and
passed through on their way to the envisioning of the Primal
Source of universes:
94:11.9 1. The Gautama legend. At the base of the concept was
the historic fact of the life and teachings of Siddhartha, the
prophet prince of India. This legend grew in myth as it traveled
through the centuries and across the broad lands of Asia until
it surpassed the status of the idea of Gautama as the enlightened
one and began to take on additional attributes.
94:11.10. 2. The many Buddhas. It was reasoned that, if Gautama
had come to the peoples of India, then, in the remote past and
in the remote future, the races of mankind must have been, and
undoubtedly would be, blessed with other teachers of truth.
This gave rise to the teaching that there were many Buddhas,
an unlimited and infinite number, even that anyone could aspire
to become one-to attain the divinity of a Buddha.
94:11.11. 3. The Absolute Buddha. B y the time the number of
Buddhas was approaching infinity, it became necessary for the
minds of those days to reunify this unwieldy concept. Accordingly
it began to be taught that all Buddhas were but the manifestation
of some higher essence, some Eternal One of infinite and unqualified
existence, some Absolute Source of all reality. From here on,
the Deity concept of Buddhism, in its highest form, becomes
divorced from the human person of Gautama Siddhartha and casts
off from the anthropomorphic limitations which have held it
in leash. This final conception of the Buddha Eternal can well
be identified as the Absolute, sometimes even as the infinite
I AM.
94:11.12 While this idea of Absolute Deity never found great
popular favor with the peoples of Asia, it did enable the intellectuals
of these lands to unify their philosophy and to harmonize their
cosmology. The concept of the Buddha Absolute is at times quasi-personal,
at times wholly impersonal-even an infinite creative force.
Such concepts, though helpful to philosophy, are not vital to
religious development. Even an anthropomorphic Yahweh is of
greater religious value than an infinitely remote Absolute of
Buddhism or Brahmanism.
94:11.13 At times the Absolute was even thought of as contained
within the infinite I AM. But these speculations were chill
comfort to the hungry multitudes who craved to hear words of
promise, to hear the simple gospel of Salem, that faith in God
would assure divine favor and eternal survival.
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12.
ºÒ±³¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Çϳª´Ô °³³ä
94:12.1 (1040.5) ºÒ±³ÀÇ ¿ìÁַп¡¼ Å« ¾àÁ¡Àº µÎ °¡Áö¿´´Ù.
Çϳª´Â Àεµ¿Í Áß±¹ÀÇ ¸¹Àº ¹Ì½ÅÀ¸·Î ºÒ±³°¡ ¿À¿°µÈ °ÍÀÌ¿ä, ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â °íŸ¸¶¸¦ óÀ½¿¡ ±ú¿ìÄ£ Àڷμ, ³ªÁß¿¡
¿µ¿øÇÑ ºÎó·Î ³ôÀÎ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±âµ¶±³°¡ ¸¹Àº À߸øµÈ Àΰ£ öÇÐÀ» Èí¼öÇÏ¿© °í»ýÇÑ °Íó·³, ºÒ±³µµ »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ãâ»ý
Ç¥½Ã¸¦ Áö´Ñ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº Áö³ 2õ5¹é ³â µ¿¾È ÁÙ°ð ÁøÈÇØ ¿Ô´Ù. ±ú¿ìħÀ» ¹ÞÀº ±âµ¶±³Àο¡°Ô
¿©È£¿Í °³³äÀÌ È£·¾ »êÀÇ ¾Ç·É°ú µ¿ÀÏÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °Í °°ÀÌ, ±ú¿ìħÀ» ¹ÞÀº ºÒ±³µµ¿¡°Ô ºÎó °³³äÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ´õ °íŸ¸¶ÀÇ
ÀΰÝÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¿ë¾îÀÇ ºÎÁ·Àº, ¿¾³¯ÀÇ ¸íĪÀ» °¨»óÀûÀ¸·Î º¸À¯ÇÏ´Â °Í°ú ÇÔ²², ÈçÈ÷ Á¾±³ °³³ä¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÁøÈÀÇ
ÂüµÈ Á߿伺À» ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô À¯µµÇÑ´Ù.
94:12.2 (1040.6) Àý´ëÀÚ¿Í ´ëÁ¶ÇÏ¿© Çϳª´Ô °³³äÀº ºÒ±³¿¡¼ Â÷Ãû ³ªÅ¸³ª±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ±× ±Ù¿øÀº
¼Ò½Â°ú ´ë½ÂÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀ» ÀÌó·³ ±¸º°ÇÏ´ø ¿¾ ½ÃÀý·Î °Å½½·¯ ¿Ã¶ó°£´Ù. ÀÌ ÈÄÀÚÀÇ ºÒ±³ Á¾ÆÄ »çÀÌ¿¡¼ Çϳª´Ô°ú
Àý´ëÀÚÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö °³³äÀÌ ¸¶Ä§³» ¹«¸£À;ú´Ù. ÇÑ °ÉÀ½ ÇÑ °ÉÀ½, ÇÑ ¼¼±â ÇÑ ¼¼±â, ÀϺ»¿¡¼ ·á´Ñ(åÐìÛ)[8],
È£³Ù ¼î´Ñ(ÛöæÔß¾ìÑ)[9], ½Å¶õ(öÑÕ¶)ÀÇ[10] °¡¸£Ä§°ú ÇÔ²², Çϳª´Ô °³³äÀÌ ÁøÈÇÏ¿´°í, ¸¶Ä§³» ÀÌ °³³äÀº
¾Æ¹Ì´Ù ºÎó °ü³ä¿¡¼ ¿¸Å¸¦ ¸Î¾ú´Ù.
94:12.3 (1041.1) ÀÌ ½ÅÀÚµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼, Á×À½À» °Þ°í ³ª¼ È¥Àº ±Ã±ØÀÇ Á¸Àç, ¿¹Ý(æîÚé)¿¡ µé¾î°¡±â
Àü¿¡, ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽º¿¡¼[11] ü·ùÇϱ⸦ ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í °¡¸£ÃÆ´Ù. ¼ÂÊ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ Çϳª´Ô, ¾Æ¹Ì´ÙÀÇ
½Å´Ù¿î ÀÚºñ¿Í »ç¶ûÀ¸·Î µ¹º¸½ÉÀ» ¹ÏÀ½À¸·Î ÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ±¸¿øÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ¼±Æ÷µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ¹Ì´Ù ½ÅÀÚµéÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀº,
À¯ÇÑÇÑ ÇÊ»çÀÚ°¡ ÀüÇô ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ¹«ÇÑÇÑ ½Çü¸¦ °í¼öÇÑ´Ù. ±×µéÀº ±× Á¾±³¿¡¼ ¿ÂÅë ÀÚºñ·Î¿î ¾Æ¹Ì´Ù¸¦ ¹Ï´Â
½Å¾Ó¿¡ ¸Å´Þ¸®¸ç, ±× ¾Æ¹Ì´Ù´Â ¼¼»óÀ» ¹«Ã´ »ç¶ûÇؼ, ÂüÀ¸·Î ¹ÏÀ¸¸é¼ ±ú²ýÇÑ ¸¶À½À¸·Î ±×ÀÇ À̸§À» ºÎ¸£´Â ÇÊ»çÀÚ
ÇÑ ¸íµµ ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽ºÀÇ ÇÏ´Ã °°Àº Çູ¿¡ À̸£Áö ¸øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÂüÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
94:12.4 (1041.2) ºÒ±³ÀÇ Å« ÀåÁ¡Àº ±× ½ÅºÀÀÚµéÀÌ ¸ðµç Á¾±³·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸¶À½´ë·Î Áø¸®¸¦ °í¸£´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯ÇÑ ¼±ÅÃÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯´Â ¾î´À À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ Á¾±³ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡ÀÌ µÈ ÀûÀÌ µå¹°´Ù. ÀÌ Á¡¿¡¼ ÀϺ»ÀÇ Á¤ÅäÁøÁ¾(ïä÷ÏòØðó) ±³ÆÄ´Â
¼¼°è¿¡¼ °¡Àå ÁøÃëÀû Á¾±³ Áý´ÜÀÇ Çϳª°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ±³ÆÄ´Â °íŸ¸¶ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀÇ ¿¾ ¼±±³ Á¤½ÅÀ» ºÎÈ°½ÃÄ×°í,
´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô ¼±»ýµéÀ» º¸³»±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ¾î¶² ±Ù¿ø¿¡¼µµ, ¾Æ´Ï ¿Â°® ±Ù¿ø¿¡¼ ÀÌ·¸°Ô Áø¸®¸¦ ±â²¨ÀÌ ÃëÇÏ·Á
ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¼¼´Â ±×¸®½ºµµ ÀÌÈÄ 20¼¼±â Àü¹Ý(îñÚâ)¿¡ Á¾±³ ½ÅÀÚµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³, Á¤¸»·Î ĪÂù¹ÞÀ» °æÇâÀÌ´Ù.
94:12.5 (1041.3) ºÒ±³ ±× ÀÚü´Â 20¼¼±âÀÇ ºÎÈïÀ» °Þ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±âµ¶±³¿Í Á¢ÃËÀ» °¡ÁüÀ¸·Î ºÒ±³ÀÇ
»çȸÀû ¸ð½ÀÀº Å©°Ô Çâ»óµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹è¿ì·Á´Â ¿å±¸°¡ ±× ´ÜüÀÇ ½Â·Áµé ¸¶À½ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ´Ù½Ã ºÒÀÌ ºÙ¾ú°í, ÀÌ ½Å¾Ó¿¡
µÎ·ç, ±³À°ÀÇ È®»êÀº Á¾±³ÀÇ ÁøÈ¿¡¼ »õ·Î¿î °ÉÀ½À» ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ÀÚ±ØÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
94:12.6 (1041.4) ÀÌ ±ÛÀ» ¾µ ¶§, ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ »ó´ç ºÎºÐÀº ºÒ±³¿¡ Èñ¸ÁÀ» °É°í ÀÖ´Ù. Àεµ¿¡¼ ±×
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ã´ø, Çϳª´Ô°ú Àý´ëÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î °³³äÀÇ ¹ßÇ¥°¡ È°·ÂÀ» ÁÖ¸ç ÀÚ±ØÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÌ ¿¾ ½Å¾ÓÀÌ ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø ²ÞƲÇÒ
°ÍÀΰ¡?
94:12.7 (1041.5) ÁøÈÀû ±â¿øÀ» °¡Áø ¿©·¯ Á¾±³¿Í Á¢ÃËÇÔÀ¸·Î 19¼¼±â µ¿¾È¿¡ ÃàÀûµÈ ±³¸®¿Í µ¶´Ü¿¡
¹æÇعÞÁö ¾ÊÀº ¸»¾¸, »ç¶÷À» °í±ÍÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ¹Ì°¡¿¤ÀÇ ¸»¾¸ÀÌ ¼±Æ÷µÇ±â¸¦ ¿Â À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ°¡ ±â´Ù¸®°í ÀÖ´Ù. ºÒ±³¤ý±âµ¶±³¤ýÈùµÎ±³¿¡°Ô,
¾Æ´Ï ¿Â°® ½Å¾ÓÀ» °¡Áø ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ôµµ, ¿¹¼ö¿¡ °üÇÑ º¹À½ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿¹¼öÀÇ º¹À½ÀÇ »ý»ýÇÑ ¿µÀû ½Çü¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÑ
½Ã°£ÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿À°í ÀÖ´Ù.
94:12.8 (1041.6) [³×¹Ùµ·ÀÇ ÇÑ ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù.]
°¢ÁÖ[8] 94:12.2 ÇìÀ̾È(øÁäÌ) ½Ã´ë ÈıâÀÇ ÃµÅÂÁ¾ÀÇ
½Â·Á (1073 - 1132).
[9] 94:12.2 ÀϺ» Á¤ÅäÁ¾(ïä÷Ïðó)ÀÇ Ã¢½ÃÀÚ (1133-1212).
[10] 94:12.2 ÀϺ»¿¡¼ °¡¸¶²Ù¶ó ½Ã´ë¿¡ »ì¾Ò´ø ½Â·Á (1173 - 1263).
[11] 94:12.3 ¶Ç´Â ±Ø¶ô.
¡ãTop
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12.
The God Concept of Buddhism
94:12.1 The great weakness
in the cosmology of Buddhism was twofold: its contamination with
many of the superstitions of India and China and its sublimation
of Gautama, first as the enlightened one, and then as the Eternal
Buddha. Just as Christianity has suffered from the absorption
of much erroneous human philosophy, so does Buddhism bear its
human birthmark. But the teachings of Gautama have continued to
evolve during the past two and one-half millenniums. The concept
of Buddha, to an enlightened Buddhist, is no more the human personality
of Gautama than the concept of Jehovah is identical with the spirit
demon of Horeb to an enlightened Christian. Paucity of terminology,
together with the sentimental retention of olden nomenclature,
is often provocative of the failure to understand the true significance
of the evolution of religious concepts.
94:12.2 Gradually the concept of God, as contrasted with the Absolute,
began to appear in Buddhism. Its sources are back in the early
days of this differentiation of the followers of the Lesser Road
and the Greater Road. It was among the latter division of Buddhism
that the dual conception of God and the Absolute finally matured.
Step by step, century by century, the God concept has evolved
until, with the teachings of Ryonin, Honen Shonin, and Shinran
in Japan, this concept finally came to fruit in the belief in
Amida Buddha.
94:12.3 Among these believers it is taught that the soul, upon
experiencing death, may elect to enjoy a sojourn in Paradise prior
to entering Nirvana, the ultimate of existence. It is proclaimed
that this new salvation is attained by faith in the divine mercies
and loving care of Amida, God of the Paradise in the west. In
their philosophy, the Amidists hold to an Infinite Reality which
is beyond all finite mortal comprehension; in their religion,
they cling to faith in the all-merciful Amida, who so loves the
world that he will not suffer one mortal who calls on his name
in true faith and with a pure heart to fail in the attainment
of the supernal happiness of Paradise.
94:12.4 The great strength of Buddhism is that its adherents are
free to choose truth from all religions; such freedom of choice
has seldom characterized a Urantian faith. In this respect the
Shin sect of Japan has become one of the most progressive religious
groups in the world; it has revived the ancient missionary spirit
of Gautama's followers and has begun to send teachers to other
peoples. This willingness to appropriate truth from any and all
sources is indeed a commendable tendency to appear among religious
believers during the first half of the twentieth century after
Christ.
94:12.5 Buddhism itself is undergoing a twentieth-century renaissance.
Through contact with Christianity the social aspects of Buddhism
have been greatly enhanced. The desire to learn has been rekindled
in the hearts of the monk priests of the brotherhood, and the
spread of education throughout this faith will be certainly provocative
of new advances in religious evolution.
94:12.6 At the time of this writing, much of Asia rests its hope
in Buddhism. Will this noble faith, that has so valiantly carried
on through the dark ages of the past, once again receive the truth
of expanded cosmic realities even as the disciples of the great
teacher in India once listened to his proclamation of new truth?
Will this ancient faith respond once more to the invigorating
stimulus of the presentation of new concepts of God and the Absolute
for which it has so long searched?
94:12.7 All Urantia is waiting for the proclamation of the ennobling
message of Michael, unencumbered by the accumulated doctrines
and dogmas of nineteen centuries of contact with the religions
of evolutionary origin. The hour is striking for presenting to
Buddhism, to Christianity, to Hinduism, even to the peoples of
all faiths, not the gospel about Jesus, but the living, spiritual
reality of the gospel of Jesus.
94:12.8 [Presented by a Melchizedek of Nebadon.]
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