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ÇàÀ§¡±¿ä[1], ¡°¼·¸®ÀÇ ½ÅºñÇÑ Ã³ºÐ¡±À̶ó´Â ¿ë¾î·Î ¾ð±ÞÇÑ´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[1] 85:0.4 õÀç(ô¸î¬)¸¦ °¡¸®Å²´Ù.
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Paper 85
The Origins of Worship
5:0.1 Primitive religion had a biologic origin, a natural evolutionary
development, aside from moral associations and apart from all
spiritual influences. The higher animals have fears but no illusions,
hence no religion. Man creates his primitive religions out of
his fears and by means of his illusions.
85:0.2 In the evolution of the human species, worship in its
primitive manifestations appears long before the mind of man
is capable of formulating the more complex concepts of life
now and in the hereafter which deserve to be called religion.
Early religion was wholly intellectual in nature and was entirely
predicated on associational circumstances. The objects of worship
were altogether suggestive; they consisted of the things of
nature which were close at hand, or which loomed large in the
commonplace experience of the simple-minded primitive Urantians.
85:0.3 When religion once evolved beyond nature worship, it
acquired roots of spirit origin but was nevertheless always
conditioned by the social environment. As nature worship developed,
man's concepts envisioned a division of labor in the supermortal
world; there were nature spirits for lakes, trees, waterfalls,
rain, and hundreds of other ordinary terrestrial phenomena.
85:0.4 At one time or another mortal man has worshiped everything
on the face of the earth, including himself. He has also worshiped
about everything imaginable in the sky and beneath the surface
of the earth. Primitive man feared all manifestations of power;
he worshiped every natural phenomenon he could not comprehend.
The observation of powerful natural forces, such as storms,
floods, earthquakes, landslides, volcanoes, fire, heat, and
cold, greatly impressed the expanding mind of man. The inexplicable
things of life are still termed "acts of God" and
"mysterious dispensations of Providence."
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1.
µ¹°ú »êÀ» ¼þ¹èÇϱâ
85:1.1 (944.5) ÁøÈÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¼þ¹èÇϰÔ
µÈ ù ´ë»óÀº µ¹À̾ú´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ Àεµ ³²ºÎÀÇ Ä«Å׸® Á¾Á·Àº, Àεµ ºÏºÎÀÇ ¼ö¸¹Àº ºÎÁ·µéó·³ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ µ¹À» ¼þ¹èÇÑ´Ù.
¾ß°öÀÌ µ¹ À§¿¡¼ ÀÜ °ÍÀº µ¹À» °ø°æÇ߱⠶§¹®À̸ç, ±× µ¹¿¡ ±â¸§À» º×±â±îÁö ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶óÇïÀº Á¦ õ¸·¿¡ ½Å¼ºÇÑ
µ¹À» ¸î °³ ¼û°å´Ù.
85:1.2 (944.6) °æÀÛÇÏ´Â
µéÀ̳ª ¸ñÃÊÁöÀÇ Ç¥¸é¿¡¼ µ¹ÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ °©Àڱ⠳ªÅ¸³ª´Â ±× Ư¡ ¶§¹®¿¡, µ¹Àº ¿ø½ÃÀο¡°Ô º¸ÅëÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â ±íÀº
ÀλóÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ħ½Ä ÀÛ¿ëÀ̳ª ÈëÀÌ µÚÁýÈûÀ¸·Î »ý±â´Â °á°ú¸¦ °è»êÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. µ¹Àº ÈçÈ÷ µ¿¹°À» ´à¾Ò±â
¶§¹®¿¡ ¶ÇÇÑ ¿ø½Ã ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô Å©°Ô °¨¸íÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¹®¸íÈµÈ »ç¶÷µéÀº »ê ¼Ó¿¡ ÀÖ´Â, µ¿¹°, ¾Æ´Ï »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾ó±¼À»
¾ÆÁÖ ¸¹ÀÌ ´àÀº ¼ö¸¹Àº µ¹ÀÇ Çü»ó¿¡ ´«À» »©¾Ñ±ä´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °¡Àå ±íÀº ¿µÇâÀ» ÁØ °ÍÀº ¿î¼®(ê£à´)À̾ú°í, ¿ø½Ã
Àΰ£Àº ÀÌ ¿î¼®µéÀÌ È·ÁÇÏ°Ô Å¸¿À¸£¸é¼ ´ë±â¸¦ ¶Õ°í µ¹ÁøÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù. À¯¼º(×µàø)Àº ¿ø½ÃÀο¡°Ô µÎ·Á¿î
°ÍÀ¸·Î º¸¿´°í, ±×´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ ºÒŸ´Â ÁٱⰡ ¿µÀÌ ¶¥À¸·Î ÇâÇÏ¿© °¡´Â ±æÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇÑ´Ù°í ½±»ç¸® ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ
³ªÁß¿¡ ±× ¿î¼®µéÀ» ¹ß°ßÇßÀ» ¶§, ±×·¯ÇÑ Çö»óÀ» ¼þ¹èÇÏ°Ô µÈ °ÍÀº ³î¶ó¿î ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×¸®°í À̰ÍÀÌ ¸ðµç
´Ù¸¥ µ¹À» ´õ¿í Å©°Ô Á¸°æÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. º¬°¥¿¡¼´Â ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¼±â 1880³â¿¡ ¶¥¿¡ ¶³¾îÁø ¿î¼®À» ¼þ¹èÇÑ´Ù.
85:1.3 (945.1) °í´ëÀÇ
¸ðµç ¾¾Á·°ú ºÎÁ·Àº ½Å¼ºÈ÷ ¿©±â´Â µ¹ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Çö´ë ¹ÎÁ·Àº ¾î¶² Á¾·ùÀÇ µ¹¡ªº¸¼®¡ªÀ» ¾ó¸¶Å ¼þ»óÇÔÀ»
³ªÅ¸³½´Ù. ´Ù¼¸ µ¹ÀÇ Áý´ÜÀÌ Àεµ¿¡¼ Á¸ÁߵǾú´Ù. ±×¸®½º¿¡¼ ±×°ÍÀº 30°³ÀÇ ÁýÇÕÀ̾ú´Ù. È«ÀÎ »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¼þ»ó¹Þ´Â
°ÍÀº º¸Åë, µ¹ÀÇ µ¿±×¶ó¹Ì¿´´Ù. ·Î¸¶ÀÎÀº ÁÖÇÇÅ͸¦ ºÎ¸¦ ¶§ ¹Ýµå½Ã °øÁß¿¡ µ¹À» ´øÁ³´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯±îÁöµµ Àεµ¿¡¼´Â
µ¹ÀÌ ÁõÀÎÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¾î¶² Áö¿ª¿¡¼´Â µ¹ÀÌ À²¹ýÀÇ ºÎÀûÀ¸·Î¼ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¾ú°í, ±× À§¾öÀ¸·Î À§¹ýÀÚ¸¦ ¹ýÁ¤À¸·Î
¸¶±¸ ²ø°í°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´Ü¼øÇÑ ÇÊ»çÀÚ´Â ¹Ýµå½Ã ½Å°ú ¾ö¼÷ÇÑ ÀǽÄ(ëðãÒ)ÀÇ ´ë»óÀ» µ¿ÀϽÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
±×·¯ÇÑ ÁÖ¹°Àº ÈçÈ÷ ´ÜÁö Á¤¸»·Î ¼þ¹è¹Þ´Â ´ë»óÀÇ »ó¡ÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù.
85:1.4 (945.2) ¿¾³¯ »ç¶÷µéÀº
µ¹¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±¸¸ÛÀ» ƯÀÌÇÏ°Ô ¿©°å´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ±¸¸Û ¸¹Àº ¹ÙÀ§´Â º´À» °íÄ¡´Â µ¥ Ưº°È÷ È¿·ÂÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù.
µ¹À» ´Þ°í ´Ù´Ï·Á°í ±Í¿¡ ±¸¸ÛÀ» ¶ÕÀº °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±ÍÀÇ ±¸¸ÛÀ» ¿¸° ä·Î µÎ·Á°í µ¹À» Áý¾î³Ö¾ú´Ù. Çö´ë¿¡µµ
¹Ì½Å ¹Ï´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº µ¿Àü¿¡ ±¸¸ÛÀ» ¶Õ´Â´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡¼ ¿øÁÖ¹ÎÀº ÁÖ¹° µ¹À» ³õ°í ¹ý¼®À» ¶²´Ù. »ç½Ç, µÚ¶³¾îÁø
¸ðµç ºÎÁ·°ú ¹ÎÁ·µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ µ¹Àº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¹Ì½Åó·³ Á¸°æÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. µ¹ ¼þ¹è´Â Áö±Ýµµ Àü ¼¼°è¿¡ ÆÛÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
¹¦ºñ´Â ¶°³ª°£ µ¿·á Á¸ÀçÀÇ ±Í½Å°ú ¿µÀ» ¹Ï´Â ½Å¾Ó°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, µ¹¿¡ »õ°ÜÁø Çü»ó°ú ¿ì»óÀÇ »ì¾Æ³²Àº »ó¡ÀÌ´Ù.
85:1.5 (945.3) »ê ¼þ¹è°¡
µ¹ ¼þ¹è¸¦ µû¶ú°í, óÀ½¿¡ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸ð½Å »êµéÀº Å« ¾Ï¼®ÃþÀ̾ú´Ù. ½ÅµéÀÌ »ê¿¡¼ »ê´Ù°í ¹Ï´Â °ÍÀÌ ´çÀå¿¡ dz½ÀÀÌ
µÇ¾ú°í, ±×·¡¼ ÀÌ Ãß°¡µÈ ÀÌÀ¯ ¶§¹®¿¡ ³ôÀº °íÁö(ÍÔò¢)¸¦ ¼þ¹èÇÏ¿´´Ù. ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ªÀÚ, ¾î¶² »êÀº ¾î¶² ½Å°ú
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À̲ö´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú°í, ÀÌ¿Í ¹Ý´ë·Î »êµéÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ ÁøÈÇÏ´Â, ÂøÇÑ ¿µ°ú ½ÅÀÇ °³³ä°ú µ¿ÀϽõǾú´Ù.
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1. Worship of Stones and Hills
85:1.1 The first object to be worshiped
by evolving man was a stone. Today the Kateri people of southern
India still worship a stone, as do numerous tribes in northern
India. Jacob slept on a stone because he venerated it; he even
anointed it. Rachel concealed a number of sacred stones in her
tent.
85:1.2 Stones first impressed early man as being out of the
ordinary because of the manner in which they would so suddenly
appear on the surface of a cultivated field or pasture. Men
failed to take into account either erosion or the results of
the overturning of soil. Stones also greatly impressed early
peoples because of their frequent resemblance to animals. The
attention of civilized man is arrested by numerous stone formations
in the mountains which so much resemble the faces of animals
and even men. But the most profound influence was exerted by
meteoric stones which primitive humans beheld hurtling through
the atmosphere in flaming grandeur. The shooting star was awesome
to early man, and he easily believed that such blazing streaks
marked the passage of a spirit on its way to earth. No wonder
men were led to worship such phenomena, especially when they
subsequently discovered the meteors. And this led to greater
reverence for all other stones. In Bengal many worship a meteor
which fell to earth in A.D. 1880.
85:1.3 All ancient clans and tribes had their sacred stones,
and most modern peoples manifest a degree of veneration for
certain types of stones¡ªtheir jewels. A group of five stones
was reverenced in India; in Greece it was a cluster of thirty;
among the red men it was usually a circle of stones. The Romans
always threw a stone into the air when invoking Jupiter. In
India even to this day a stone can be used as a witness. In
some regions a stone may be employed as a talisman of the law,
and by its prestige an offender can be haled into court. But
simple mortals do not always identify Deity with an object of
reverent ceremony. Such fetishes are many times mere symbols
of the real object of worship.
85:1.4 The ancients had a peculiar regard for holes in stones.
Such porous rocks were supposed to be unusually efficacious
in curing diseases. Ears were not perforated to carry stones,
but the stones were put in to keep the ear holes open. Even
in modern times superstitious persons make holes in coins. In
Africa the natives make much ado over their fetish stones. In
fact, among all backward tribes and peoples stones are still
held in superstitious veneration. Stone worship is even now
widespread over the world. The tombstone is a surviving symbol
of images and idols which were carved in stone in connection
with beliefs in ghosts and the spirits of departed fellow beings.
85:1.5 Hill worship followed stone worship, and the first hills
to be venerated were large stone formations. It presently became
the custom to believe that the gods inhabited the mountains,
so that high elevations of land were worshiped for this additional
reason. As time passed, certain mountains were associated with
certain gods and therefore became holy. The ignorant and superstitious
aborigines believed that caves led to the underworld, with its
evil spirits and demons, in contrast with the mountains, which
were identified with the later evolving concepts of good spirits
and deities.
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2.
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85:2.1 (945.4) »ç¶÷Àº óÀ½¿¡ ½Ä¹°À»
µÎ·Æ°Ô ¿©°å°í, ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â °Å±â¼ ³ª¿À´Â, »ç¶÷À» ÃëÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â ¼ú ¶§¹®¿¡ ½Ä¹°(ãÕÚª)À» ¼þ¹èÇß´Ù. ¿ø½ÃÀÎÀº ¼ú¿¡
ÃëÇÏ¸é »ç¶÷ÀÌ ½Å´ä°Ô µÈ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ Ã¼Çè¿¡´Â Ưº°ÇÏ°í ½Å¼ºÇÑ ¹«¾ùÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. Çö´ë¿¡µµ ¾ËÄÚ¿ÃÀº
¡°ÁÖÁ¤(ñÐïñ)¡±À̶ó[2] ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù.
85:2.2 (945.5) ½ÃÃÊÀÇ Àΰ£Àº µÎ·Á¿ò°ú ¹Ì½Å °°Àº °æ¿Ü°¨À» °¡Áö°í ½ÏÆ®´Â ³®¾ËÀ» ¹Ù¶óº¸¾Ò´Ù. »çµµ
¹Ù¿ïÀÌ Ã³À½À¸·Î, ½ÏÆ®´Â ³®¾Ë·ÎºÎÅÍ ±íÀº ¿µÀû ±³ÈÆÀ» ²ø¾î³»°í ±× À§¿¡ Á¾±³Àû °ü³äÀÇ ±âÃʸ¦ µÐ »ç¶÷Àº ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù.
85:2.3 (945.6) ³ª¹«¸¦ ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â Á¾ÆÄ´Â °¡Àå ¿À·¡ µÈ Á¾±³ Áý´Ü¿¡ ¼ÓÇß´Ù. ¸ðµç ¿¾ °áÈ¥½ÄÀº ³ª¹«
¹Ø¿¡¼ ¿Ã·È°í, ¿©ÀÚµéÀº ¾ÆÀ̸¦ ¹Ù¶úÀ» ¶§ ½£¿¡¼ ưưÇÑ Âü³ª¹«¸¦ »ç¶ûÇÏµí ²¸¾È°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¶§¶§·Î ¹ß°ßµÇ°ï
Çß´Ù. ¸¹Àº ½Ä¹°°ú ³ª¹«°¡ Á¤¸»·Î ¾àÈ¿°¡ Àְųª ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼þ¹è¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ¾ß¸¸ÀÎÀº ¸ðµç ÈÇÐ
ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ÃÊÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ¹°·ÂÀÌ Á÷Á¢ Ȱµ¿Çϱ⠶§¹®À̶ó°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù.
85:2.4 (945.7) ³ª¹« ±Í½Å¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü³äÀº ´Ù¸¥ ºÎÁ·°ú Á¾Á·µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ Å©°Ô ´Þ¶ú´Ù. ¾î¶² ³ª¹«¿¡´Â
Ä£ÀýÇÑ ¿µÀÌ ±êµé¾ú°í, ´Ù¸¥ °ÍµéÀº »ç¶÷À» ¼ÓÀÌ´Â ¸ðÁø ±Í½ÅÀ» ǰ¾ú´Ù. ÇɶõµåÀÎÀº ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ³ª¹«¿¡ Ä£ÀýÇÑ ¿µÀÌ
µé¾î ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ½ºÀ§½ºÀÎÀº ¿À·§µ¿¾È ³ª¹«¸¦ ºÒ½ÅÇß°í, ³ª¹«°¡ ±³È°ÇÑ ±Í½ÅÀ» ´ã°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. Àεµ¿Í
·¯½Ã¾Æ µ¿ºÎÀÇ °Å¹ÎµéÀº ³ª¹« ±Í½ÅÀÌ ¸ðÁú´Ù°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ÆÄŸ°í´Ï¾ÆÀÎÀº ¿¾³¯ ¼À Á·¼Óó·³, ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ³ª¹«¸¦ ¼þ¹èÇÑ´Ù.
³ª¹« ¼þ¹è¸¦ ±×¸¸µÐ Áö ¿À·£ µÚ¿¡µµ, È÷ºê¸®ÀÎÀº ½£¿¡¼ »ç´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½ÅÀ» °è¼Ó ¼¶±â¾ú´Ù. Áß±¹À» Á¦¿ÜÇϰí,
ÇѶ§ »ý¸í³ª¹«¸¦ ¹Ï´Â º¸ÆíÀû Á¾ÆÄ°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
85:2.5 (946.1) Á¡Ä¡´Â ³ª¹« ¸·´ë±â·Î Áö±¸ÀÇ Ç¥¸é ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹°À̳ª ±Í±Ý¼ÓÀ» ŽÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â ¹ÏÀ½Àº
¿¾³¯ ³ª¹« Á¾ÆÄÀÇ À¯¹°ÀÌ´Ù. 5¿ùÁ¦ ±âµÕ, Å©¸®½º¸¶½º ³ª¹«, ±×¸®°í ³ª¹«¸¦ ÅåÅå µÎµå¸®´Â ¹Ì½Å °ü½ÀÀº ³ª¹«¸¦
¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â ¿¾ dz½À°ú ÈÄÀÏÀÇ ³ª¹« Á¾ÆÄµéÀÇ ¾î¶² °ÍÀ» Áö¼ÓÇÑ´Ù.
85:2.6 (946.2) °¡Àå ÀÏÂï ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÇüÅÂÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬ ¼þ¹è °¡¿îµ¥ ´Ù¼ö´Â ³ªÁß¿¡ ÁøÈÇÏ´Â ¼þ¹è ±â¼ú°ú ¼¯À̰Ô
µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »õ·Î ±ú¾î³ª´Â ÀηùÀÇ Á¾±³Àû ¼ºÇ°ÀÌ ¿µÀû ¿µÇâÀÇ Àڱؿ¡ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¹Î°¨ÇØÁö±â ¿À·¡ Àü¿¡, º¸Á¶
Áö¼ºÀÌ È°¼ºÈ½ÃŲ °¡Àå À̸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ ¼þ¹è°¡ ÀÛ¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[2] 85:2.1 ÁÖÁ¤ : ÁÖÁ¤(ñÐïñ)°ú
¿µ(çÏ)À» ¶È°°ÀÌ spirit¶ó°í ÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
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2. Worship of Plants and Trees
85:2.1 Plants were first feared and then
worshiped because of the intoxicating liquors which were derived
therefrom. Primitive man believed that intoxication rendered
one divine. There was supposed to be something unusual and sacred
about such an experience. Even in modern times alcohol is known
as "spirits."
85:2.2 Early man looked upon sprouting grain with dread and
superstitious awe. The Apostle Paul was not the first to draw
profound spiritual lessons from, and predicate religious beliefs
on, the sprouting grain.
85:2.3 The cults of tree worship are among the oldest religious
groups. All early marriages were held under the trees, and when
women desired children, they would sometimes be found out in
the forest affectionately embracing a sturdy oak. Many plants
and trees were venerated because of their real or fancied medicinal
powers. The savage believed that all chemical effects were due
to the direct activity of supernatural forces.
85:2.4 Ideas about tree spirits varied greatly among different
tribes and races. Some trees were indwelt by kindly spirits;
others harbored the deceptive and cruel. The Finns believed
that most trees were occupied by kind spirits. The Swiss long
mistrusted the trees, believing they contained tricky spirits.
The inhabitants of India and eastern Russia regard the tree
spirits as being cruel. The Patagonians still worship trees,
as did the early Semites. Long after the Hebrews ceased tree
worship, they continued to venerate their various deities in
the groves. Except in China, there once existed a universal
cult of the tree of life.
85:2.5 The belief that water or precious metals beneath the
earth's surface can be detected by a wooden divining rod is
a relic of the ancient tree cults. The Maypole, the Christmas
tree, and the superstitious practice of rapping on wood perpetuate
certain of the ancient customs of tree worship and the later-day
tree cults.
85:2.6 Many of these earliest forms of nature veneration became
blended with the later evolving techniques of worship, but the
earliest mind-adjutant-activated types of worship were functioning
long before the newly awakening religious nature of mankind
became fully responsive to the stimulus of spiritual influences.
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3.
µ¿¹° ¼þ¹è
85:3.1 (946.3) ¿ø½ÃÀÎÀº °íµî µ¿¹°¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© ƯÀÌÇϰí Ä£±ÙÇÑ ´À³¦À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ¼±Á¶µéÀº µ¿¹°°ú ÇÔ²² »ì¾Æ ¿Ô°í ±×µé°ú ±³¹Ì±îÁö ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¾Æ½Ã¾Æ ³²ºÎ¿¡¼´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ È¥ÀÌ µ¿¹° ÇüŸ¦ ÀÔ°í ¶¥À¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Â´Ù°í ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ °ü³äÀº µ¿¹°À» ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â,
±×º¸´Ù ´õ ÀÏÂï ÀÖ´ø °ü½ÀÀÇ ÀÜÀçÀÌ´Ù.
85:3.2 (946.4) ½ÃÃÊÀÇ
Àΰ£µéÀº µ¿¹°ÀÇ Èû°ú ±³¹¦ÇÔ ¶§¹®¿¡ µ¿¹°À» Á¸°æÇß´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¾î¶² »ý¹°ÀÇ ³¯Ä«·Î¿î Èİ¢°ú ¸Ö¸® º¸´Â ´«Àº ¿µÀÌ
¾È³»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °¡¸®Å²´Ù°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ¸ðµç µ¿¹°ÀÌ ¾î¶² ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô, ¾î´À ¶§Àΰ¡ ¼þ¹è¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼þ¹è ´ë»ó¿¡´Â
¹ÝÀιݸ¶(ÚâìÑÚâØ©) ¶Ç´Â Àξî(ìÑåà)¿Í °°ÀÌ, ¹ÝÀº Àΰ£ÀÌ°í ¹ÝÀº µ¿¹°À̶ó°í °£ÁÖµÈ »ý¹°ÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
85:3.3 (946.5) È÷ºê¸®ÀÎÀº
È÷½º±â¾Æ ¿ÕÀÇ ½ÃÀý±îÁö ¹ìÀ» ¼þ¹èÇß°í, ÈùµÎ±³ÀÎÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Áý ¹ì°ú Ä£ÇÑ °ü°è¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. Áß±¹ÀÎÀÇ ¿ë(éÌ)
¼þ¹è´Â ¹ì±³°¡ »ì¾Æ³²Àº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹ìÀÇ ÁöÇý´Â ±×¸®½º ÀǼúÀÇ »ó¡À̾ú°í, Çö´ë ÀÇ»çµéÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ »ó¡À¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
¹ìÀ» Ȧ¸®´Â ±â¼úÀº ¹ì »ç¶û Á¾ÆÄÀÇ ¿©ÀÚ »þ¸Õ ½ÃÀýºÎÅÍ ³»·Á¿Ô´Âµ¥, ÀÌ »þ¸ÕµéÀº ³¯¸¶´Ù ¹ì¿¡°Ô ¹°¸° °á°ú·Î
¸é¿ªÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, »ç½ÇÀº ÁøÂ¥ ¹ìµ¶¿¡ Áßµ¶ÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í ÀÌ µ¶ÀÌ ¾øÀÌ Áö³¾ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
85:3.4 (946.6) °ïÃæ°ú
±âŸ µ¿¹°ÀÇ ¼þ¹è´Â ÈÄÀÏ¿¡ Ȳ±Ý·ü¡ª³²ÀÌ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÇØ Áֱ⠹ٶó´Â ´ë·Î ³²(¸ðµç ÇüÅÂÀÇ »ý¸í)¿¡°Ô ÇØ Áֱ⡪¸¦
À߸ø Ç®ÀÌÇÔÀ¸·Î Á¶ÀåµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿¾³¯ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇѶ§ »õµéÀÇ ³¯°³°¡ ¸ðµç ¹Ù¶÷À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú°í, µû¶ó¼ ³¯°³
´Þ¸° ¸ðµç »ý¹°À» ¹«¼¿öÇÏ°í ¼þ¹èÇß´Ù. ÃʱâÀÇ ³ë¸£µñÀÎÀº ÇØ³ª ´ÞÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ ¸Ô¾î ¹ö¸° À̸®°¡ ÀϽÄ(ìíãÚ)À»
ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ÈùµÎÀÎÀº ¸»ÀÇ ¸Ó¸®¸¦ °¡Áø ºñ½Ã´©¸¦ ÈçÈ÷ º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. µ¿¹°Àû »ó¡Àº ÀØÇôÁø ½ÅÀ̳ª »ç¶óÁø
Á¾ÆÄ¸¦ ÈçÈ÷ ´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù. ÁøÈ Á¾±³¿¡¼ ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ ¾çÀº Èñ»ý µ¿¹°ÀÇ ÀüÇü(îðúþ)ÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í, ºñµÑ±â´Â ÆòÈ¿Í »ç¶ûÀÇ
»ó¡ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
85:3.5 (946.7) Á¾±³¿¡¼´Â
»ó¡ÀÌ ÃÖÃÊ¿¡ ¼þ¹èÇÏ´ø °ü³äÀ» °¥¾ÆÄ¡¿ì´Â°¡ ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀº°¡¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ±× »ó¡Àº ÁÁ°Å³ª ³ª»Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×¸®°í
»ó¡Àº ¿ì»óÀ» Á÷Á¢ ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â °Í°ú È¥µ¿Çؼ´Â ¾È µÇ¸ç, ¿ì»ó ¼þ¹è¿¡¼´Â ¹°Áú ´ë»óÀ» Á÷Á¢, ½ÇÁ¦·Î ¼þ¹èÇÑ´Ù.
¡ãTop
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3. The Worship of Animals
85:3.1 Primitive man had a peculiar and
fellow feeling for the higher animals. His ancestors had lived
with them and even mated with them. In southern Asia it was
early believed that the souls of men came back to earth in animal
form. This belief was a survival of the still earlier practice
of worshiping animals.
85:3.2 Early men revered the animals for their power and their
cunning. They thought the keen scent and the farseeing eyes
of certain creatures betokened spirit guidance. The animals
have all been worshiped by one race or another at one time or
another. Among such objects of worship were creatures that were
regarded as half human and half animal, such as centaurs and
mermaids.
85:3.3 The Hebrews worshiped serpents down to the days of King
Hezekiah, and the Hindus still maintain friendly relations with
their house snakes. The Chinese worship of the dragon is a survival
of the snake cults. The wisdom of the serpent was a symbol of
Greek medicine and is still employed as an emblem by modern
physicians. The art of snake charming has been handed down from
the days of the female shamans of the snake love cult, who,
as the result of daily snake bites, became immune, in fact,
became genuine venom addicts and could not get along without
this poison.
85:3.4 The worship of insects and other animals was promoted
by a later misinterpretation of the golden rule-doing to others
(every form of life) as you would be done by. The ancients once
believed that all winds were produced by the wings of birds
and therefore both feared and worshiped all winged creatures.
The early Nordics thought that eclipses were caused by a wolf
that devoured a portion of the sun or moon. The Hindus often
show Vishnu with a horse's head. Many times an animal symbol
stands for a forgotten god or a vanished cult. Early in evolutionary
religion the lamb became the typical sacrificial animal and
the dove the symbol of peace and love.
85:3.5 In religion, symbolism may be either good or bad just
to the extent that the symbol does or does not displace the
original worshipful idea. And symbolism must not be confused
with direct idolatry wherein the material object is directly
and actually worshiped.
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4.
ÀÚ¿¬·Â ¼þ¹è
85:4.1 (946.8) Àηù´Â ¶¥¤ý°ø±â¤ý¹°¤ýºÒÀ»
¼þ¹èÇØ ¿Ô´Ù. ¿ø½Ã Á¾Á·µéÀº »ù¹°À» ¸ð½Ã°í °À» ¼þ¹èÇß´Ù. Áö±Ýµµ ¸ù°ñ¸®¾Æ¿¡´Â ¿µÇâ·ÂÀÌ Å« °(˰) Á¾ÆÄ°¡
¹ø¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ¼¼·Ê´Â ¹Ùºô·Ð¿¡¼ Á¾±³ ÀǽÄÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í, ±×¸®½ºÀÎÀº ÇØ¸¶´Ù ¸ñ¿å ÀǽÄÀ» °ÅÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¾³¯ »ç¶÷µéÀº
ºÎ±Û°Å¸®´Â »ù¹°, ¿ë¼ÚÀ½Ä¡´Â »ù, È帣´Â °, ¼º³ °Ý·ù¿¡ ¿µµéÀÌ °ÅÇÑ´Ù°í »ó»óÇϱⰡ ½¬¿ü´Ù. ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â ¹°Àº
ÀÌ ´Ü¼øÇÑ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¿µÀÌ »ì¾Æ ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â °Í°ú ÃÊÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ÈûÀ» ¹Ïµµ·Ï »ý»ýÇÏ°Ô °¨¸íÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¾î¶² ¶§´Â ¾î¶²
°ÀÇ ½ÅÀ» ¼º³ª°Ô ÇÒ±î µÎ·Á¿ö, ¹°¿¡ ºüÁö´Â »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ±¸¿øÀÇ ¼Õ±æ »¸±â¸¦ °ÅÀýÇϰï Çß´Ù.
85:4.2 (947.1) ¸¹Àº »ç¹°°ú ¼ö¸¹Àº »ç°ÇÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ½Ã´ë¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô, Á¾±³Àû ÀÚ±ØÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÀεµÀÇ ¿©·¯ »ê(ߣ) ºÎÁ·µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¹«Áö°³¸¦ ¼þ¹èÇÑ´Ù. Àεµ¿Í ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿¡¼ ¹«Áö°³´Â °Å´ëÇÑ ÇÏ´Ã ¹ìÀ̶ó°í
»ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. È÷ºê¸®Àΰú ±âµ¶±³ÀÎÀº ¹«Áö°³¸¦ ¡°¾à¼ÓÀÇ È°¡±À̶ó°í º¸¾Ò´Ù. ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, ¼¼°èÀÇ ÇÑ ±¸¼®¿¡¼ À¯ÀÍÇÏ´Ù°í
¿©±â´Â ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ» ´Ù¸¥ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ ºÒ±æÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. µ¿Ç³Àº ³² ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä«¿¡¼ ½ÅÀε¥, ±× ¹Ù¶÷ÀÌ ºñ¸¦
°¡Á®¿À±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Àεµ¿¡¼´Â µ¿Ç³ÀÌ ¾Ç¸¶Àε¥, ¸ÕÁö¸¦ ºÒ·¯¿À°í °¡¹³À» ÀÏÀ¸Å°±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ¿¾ º£µÎÀÎ Á·¼ÓÀº
ÀÚ¿¬ ¿µÀÌ ¸ð·¡ ȸ¿À¸®¹Ù¶÷À» ÀÏÀ¸Å²´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú°í, ¸ð¼¼ÀÇ ½ÃÀý¿¡µµ ÀÚ¿¬ ¿µµéÀ» ¹Ï´Â °ü³äÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ °Çؼ, ±×°ÍµéÀÌ
È÷ºê¸® ½ÅÇп¡¼ ºÒ¤ý¹°¤ý°ø±âÀÇ Ãµ»ç·Î Áö¼ÓµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸ÀåÇß´Ù.
85:4.3 (947.2) ¼ö¸¹Àº ¿ø½Ã ºÎÁ·°ú ÃʱâÀÇ ¸¹Àº ÀÚ¿¬ Á¾ÆÄ°¡ ±¸¸§¤ýºñ¤ý¿ì¹Ú ¸ðµÎ¸¦ ¹«¼¿öÇÏ°í ¼þ¹èÇß´Ù.
õµÕ°ú ¹ø°³°¡ µû¸£´Â ÆøÇ³Àº ¿ø½ÃÀÎÀÌ µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡ Áú¸®°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬·ÂÀÇ ±³¶õ¿¡ ³Ê¹« °¨¸í ¹Þ¾Æ¼,
õµÕÀ» ¼º³ ½ÅÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®·Î ¿©°å´Ù. ºÒÀÇ ¼þ¹è¿Í ¹ø°³¸¦ ¹«¼¿öÇϴ ŵµ´Â ¼·Î ¿¬°áµÇ¾ú°í, ¸¹Àº Ãʱâ Áý´Ü
»çÀÌ¿¡ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁ® ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
85:4.4 (947.3) µÎ·Á¿ò¿¡ Áú¸° ¿ø½Ã ÇÊ»çÀÚÀÇ ¸Ó¸® ¼Ó¿¡¼ ºÒÀº ¸¶¼ú°ú ¼¯¿´´Ù. ¸¶¼úÀ» ½ÅºÀÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â
ÁÖ¹®(ñ±Ùþ)À» ½Ç½ÀÇÒ ¶§, ¾î¼´Ù »ý±ä ±àÁ¤Àû °á°ú¸¦ ´«¿¡ ¼±ÇÏ°Ô ±â¾ïÇÏÁö¸¸, ¸î½Ê ¹øÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àû °á°ú, öÀúÇÑ
½ÇÆÐ¸¦ Å¿¬ÇÏ°Ô Àؾî¹ö¸°´Ù. ºÒÀÇ ¼þ¹è´Â Æä¸£½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ÀýÁ¤¿¡ À̸£·¶°í, °Å±â¼ ¿À·§µ¿¾È Áö¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾î¶² ºÎÁ·µéÀº
ºÒÀ» ÇϳªÀÇ ½Å ±× ÀÚü·Î ¼¶±â¾ú´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ºÎÁ·µéÀº ºÒÀ» ±×µéÀÌ Á¸°æÇÏ´Â ½ÅµéÀÇ ¿µ, Á¤È(ïäûù)ÇÏ°í ¾Ä¾î
¹ö¸®´Â ¿µÀÇ Å¸¿À¸£´Â »ó¡À¸·Î ¸ð¼Ì´Ù. º£½ºÅ¸[3] ¿©½ÅÀ» ¼¶±â´Â ó³àµéÀº ½Å¼ºÇÑ ºÒÀ» ÁöŰ´Â ÀÓ¹«¸¦ ¸Ã¾Ò°í,
20¼¼±â¿¡ ¸¹Àº Á¾±³Àû ¿¹¹è ÀǽÄÀÇ ÀϺημ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÃкÒÀ» ÄÒ´Ù.
°¢ÁÖ[3] 85:4.4 º£½ºÅ¸ ¿©½Å : º®³·Î¿Í
ºÒÀÇ ¿©½Å.
¡ãTop
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4. Worship of the Elements
85:4.1 Mankind has worshiped earth, air,
water, and fire. The primitive races venerated springs and worshiped
rivers. Even now in Mongolia there flourishes an influential
river cult. Baptism became a religious ceremonial in Babylon,
and the Greeks practiced the annual ritual bath. It was easy
for the ancients to imagine that the spirits dwelt in the bubbling
springs, gushing fountains, flowing rivers, and raging torrents.
Moving waters vividly impressed these simple minds with beliefs
of spirit animation and supernatural power. Sometimes a drowning
man would be refused succor for fear of offending some river
god.
85:4.2 Many things and numerous events have functioned as religious
stimuli to different peoples in different ages. A rainbow is
yet worshiped by many of the hill tribes of India. In both India
and Africa the rainbow is thought to be a gigantic celestial
snake; Hebrews and Christians regard it as " the bow of
promise. " Likewise, influences regarded as beneficent
in one part of the world may be looked upon as malignant in
other regions. The east wind is a god in South America, for
it brings rain; in India it is a devil because it brings dust
and causes drought. The ancient Bedouins believed that a nature
spirit produced the sand whirls, and even in the times of Moses
belief in nature spirits was strong enough to insure their perpetuation
in Hebrew theology as angels of fire, water, and air.
85:4.3 Clouds, rain, and hail have all been feared and worshiped
by numerous primitive tribes and by many of the early nature
cults. Windstorms with thunder and lightning overawed early
man. He was so impressed with these elemental disturbances that
thunder was regarded as the voice of an angry god. The worship
of fire and the fear of lightning were linked together and were
widespread among many early groups.
85:4.4 Fire was mixed up with magic in the minds of primitive
fear-ridden mortals. A devotee of magic will vividly remember
one positive chance result in the practice of his magic formulas,
while he nonchalantly forgets a score of negative results, out-and-out
failures. Fire reverence reached its height in Persia, where
it long persisted. Some tribes worshiped fire as a deity itself;
others revered it as the flaming symbol of the purifying and
purging spirit of their venerated deities. Vestal virgins were
charged with the duty of watching sacred fires, and in the twentieth
century candles still burn as a part of the ritual of many religious
services.
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5.
õü ¼þ¹è
85:5.1 (947.4) ¹ÙÀ§¤ý»ê¤ý³ª¹«¤ýµ¿¹°ÀÇ
¼þ¹è´Â ÀÚ¿¬È÷ ¼ºÀåÇØ¼, ÀÚ¿¬·ÂÀ» µÎ·Æ°Ô ¼¶±â´Â ´Ü°è¸¦ °ÅÄ¡°í, ÇØ¤ý´Þ¤ýº°À» ½ÅÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé±â±îÁö ¹ßÀüÇß´Ù. Àεµ¿Í
±âŸ Áö¿ª¿¡´Â º°ÀÌ, À°Ã¼¸¦ ÀÔÀº »îÀ» ¶°³ À§´ëÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ¿µÈ·Ó°Ô µÈ È¥ÀÌ¶ó ¿©°å´Ù. °¥´ë¾ÆÀÇ Á¡¼º°¡µéÀº
ÀڽŵéÀÌ ÇÏ´Ã ¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¶¥ ¾î¸Ó´ÏÀÇ ÀÚ½ÄÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù.
85:5.2 (947.5) ´Þ ¼þ¹è´Â
ÅÂ¾ç ¼þ¹è¸¦ ¾Õ¼¹´Ù. ´ÞÀÇ ¼þ»óÀº »ç³ÉÇÏ´ø ½Ã´ë¿¡ ÀýÁ¤¿¡ À̸£·¶°í, ÇÑÆí ÅÂ¾ç ¼þ¹è´Â ±× µÚÀÇ ³ó¾÷ ½Ã´ë¿¡
ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Á¾±³ ¿¹½ÄÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÅÂ¾ç ¼þ¹è´Â óÀ½¿¡ Àεµ¿¡¼ ³Î¸® »Ñ¸®¸¦ ³»·È°í, °Å±â¼ °¡Àå ¿À·§µ¿¾È °ßµð¾ú´Ù.
Æä¸£½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ÅÂ¾ç ¼þ¹è´Â ÈÄÀÏ¿¡ ¹ÌÆ®¶ó Á¾ÆÄ¸¦ ³º¾Ò´Ù. ¸¹Àº ¹ÎÁ· »çÀÌ¿¡¼ žçÀº ÀÓ±ÝÀÇ ¼±Á¶¶ó°í ¿©°å´Ù.
°¥´ë¾ÆÀÎÀº ¡°¿ìÁÖÀÇ Àϰö µ¿±×¶ó¹Ì¡±ÀÇ Á߽ɿ¡ žçÀ» ³õ¾Ò´Ù. ÈÄÀÏÀÇ ¹®¸íÀº ÇÑ ÁÖÀÇ Ã¹³¯À» ±× À̸§À¸·Î ºÒ·¯
ž翡 ¿µ¿¹¸¦ µ¹·È´Ù.
85:5.3 (947.6) žç½ÅÀº
ó³à¿¡°Ô¼ ÅÂ¾î³ ¿î¸íÀÇ ¾ÆµéµéÀÇ ½ÅºñÇÑ ¾Æ¹öÁö¶ó°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú°í ÀÌ ¾ÆµéµéÀº ¶§¶§·Î ÀºÇý¸¦ ¹ÞÀº ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô ±¸¼¼Áַμ
¼ö¿©µÈ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾ðÁ¦³ª ¾î¶² ½Å¼ºÇÑ °¿¡ ´©°¡ ÀÌ ÃÊÀÚ¿¬Àû ¾Æ±âµéÀ» ¶°³»·Á º¸³Â°í, ±×µéÀº Ưº°ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î
±¸ÃâµÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±× µÚ¿¡ ÀÚ¶ó¼ ±× ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô ±âÀûÀÇ Àι°°ú ±¸¿øÀÚ°¡ µÇ°ï ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¡ãTop
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5. Worship of the Heavenly Bodies
85:5.1 The worship of rocks, hills, trees,
and animals naturally developed up through fearful veneration
of the elements to the deification of the sun, moon, and stars.
In India and elsewhere the stars were regarded as the glorified
souls of great men who had departed from the life in the flesh.
The Chaldean star cultists considered themselves to be the children
of the sky father and the earth mother.
85:5.2 Moon worship preceded sun worship. Veneration of the
moon was at its height during the hunting era, while sun worship
became the chief religious ceremony of the subsequent agricultural
ages. Solar worship first took extensive root in India, and
there it persisted the longest. In Persia sun veneration gave
rise to the later Mithraic cult. Among many peoples the sun
was regarded as the ancestor of their kings. The Chaldeans put
the sun in the center of " the seven circles of the universe.
" Later civilizations honored the sun by giving its name
to the first day of the week.
85:5.3 The sun god was supposed to be the mystic father of the
virgin-born sons of destiny who ever and anon were thought to
be bestowed as saviors upon favored races. These supernatural
infants were always put adrift upon some sacred river to be
rescued in an extraordinary manner, after which they would grow
up to become miraculous personalities and the deliverers of
their peoples.
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6.
»ç¶÷ ¼þ¹è
85:6.1 (948.1) ¶¥ÀÇ Ç¥¸é¿¡, ±×¸®°í
À§·Î Çϴÿ¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀ» ¼þ¹èÇßÀ¸´Ï±î, »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ½ÅÀ» Âù¹ÌÇϱ⸦ ¼½¿Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. »ý°¢ÀÌ ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¾ß¸¸ÀÎÀº
Áü½Â¤ý»ç¶÷¤ý½ÅÀ» Á¶±Ýµµ ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ±¸º°ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
85:6.2 (948.2) ½ÃÃÊÀÇ
Àΰ£Àº ¸ðµç Ưº°ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ÃÊÀΰ£À¸·Î ¿©°å°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ Á¸ÀçµéÀ» ¾ÆÁÖ µÎ·Á¿öÇØ¼, °æ¿ÜÇÏ´Â ´À³¦À¸·Î ¹Ù¶óº¸¾Ò´Ù.
¾î´À Á¤µµ, ±ÛÀÚ ±×´ë·Î ±×µéÀ» ¼þ¹èÇß´Ù. ½ÖµÕÀ̸¦ ³º´Â °ÍÁ¶Â÷µµ ¾ÆÁÖ ¿îÀÌ ÁÁµçÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¾ÆÁÖ ¿îÀÌ ³ª»Ú´Ù°í
»ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹ÌÄ¡±¤ÀÌ, °£Áúº´ÀÚ, Á¤½Å ¹Ú¾àÀÚ´Â ÈçÈ÷ ¸Ó¸®°¡ Á¤»óÀÎ µ¿·áµéÀÇ ¼þ¹è¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò°í, ±×µéÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ
ºñÁ¤»ó Á¸Àç ¼Ó¿¡ ½ÅÀÌ °è½Å´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. »çÁ¦¤ýÀӱݤý¼±ÁöÀÚ°¡ ¼þ¹è¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ¿¾³¯ÀÇ °Å·èÇÑ ÀÚµéÀÌ
½Åµé¿¡°Ô¼ ¿µ°¨À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù°í ¿ì·¯·¯º¸¾Ò´Ù.
85:6.3 (948.3) ºÎÁ·ÀÇ
ÃßÀåµéÀº Á×°í ³ª¼ ½ÅÀ¸·Î ´ëÁ¢¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ³ªÁß¿¡´Â Ź¿ùÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Á×°í ³ª¼ ¼ºÀÎ(á¡ìÑ)ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ µµ¿ò
¾øÀÌ ÀϾ´Â ÁøÈ´Â Á×Àº Àΰ£ÀÇ ¿µ, ¿µÈ·Ó°Ô µÇ°í ³ô¾ÆÁö°í ÁøÈÇÑ ¿µº¸´Ù ´õ ³ôÀº ½ÅÀ» ¸¸µé¾î ³½ ÀûÀÌ
¾ø´Ù. ÁøÈÀÇ Ãʱ⿡¼ Á¾±³´Â ÀÚüÀÇ ½ÅµéÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³½´Ù. °è½Ã¸¦ ³»¸®´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼ ½ÅµéÀº Á¾±³¸¦ Çü¼ºÇÑ´Ù. ÁøÈ
Á¾±³´Â ÇÊ»ç Àΰ£ÀÇ Çü»ó°ú ¸ð½ÀÀ» µû¶ó¼ ±× ½ÅµéÀ» ¸¸µé¾î³½´Ù. °è½Ã Á¾±³´Â ÇÊ»ç Àΰ£À» Çϳª´ÔÀÇ Çü»ó°ú ¸ð½ÀÀ¸·Î
ÁøÈ½ÃŰ°í º¯È½ÃŰ·Á°í ¾Ö¾´´Ù.
85:6.4 (948.4) ±Í½ÅÀÎ
½ÅµéÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ ±â¿øÀ» °¡Á³´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, À̵éÀº ÀÚ¿¬ ½Å(ãê)°ú ±¸º°µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ÀÚ¿¬ ¼þ¹è´Â
¸¸½ÅÀü¡ª½ÅµéÀÇ ÀÚ¸®·Î ³ô¿©Áø ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ¿µµé¡ªÀ» ÁøÈ½ÃÄױ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÚ¿¬À» ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â Á¾ÆÄµéÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ µîÀåÇÏ´Â
±Í½Å Á¾±³¸¦ µû¶ó¼ °è¼Ó ¹ßÀüÇÏ¿´°í, ¼·Î ¿µÇâÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸¹Àº Á¾±³ ü°è´Â µÎ °¡Áö ½ÅÀÇ °³³ä, ÀÚ¿¬ ½Å°ú
±Í½Å ½ÅÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±Í½Å ¿µ¿õÀÌÀÚ ¶ÇÇÑ ¹ø°³ÀÇ ÁÖÀÎÀÎ Å丣°¡ º¸¿©ÁÖ´Ù½ÃÇÇ, ¾î¶² ½ÅÇп¡´Â ÀÌ °³³äµéÀÌ µÚ¹ü¹÷ÀÌ
µÇ¾î ¼·Î ¾ôÇû´Ù.
85:6.5 (948.5) ±×·¯³ª
»ç¶÷ÀÌ »ç¶÷À» ¼þ¹èÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº, Çö¼¼ÀÇ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚµéÀÌ ¹é¼º¿¡°Ô ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼þ¹è¸¦ ¸í·ÉÇÏ°í ±×·¯ÇÑ ¿ä±¸¸¦ Á¤´çÈÇϸé¼,
±×µéÀÌ ½ÅÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³»·Á¿Ô´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇßÀ» ¶§, ÀýÁ¤¿¡ À̸£·¶´Ù.
¡ãTop
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6. Worship of Man
85:6.1 Having worshiped everything else
on the face of the earth and in the heavens above, man has not
hesitated to honor himself with such adoration. The simple-minded
savage makes no clear distinction between beasts, men, and gods.
85:6.2 Early man regarded all unusual persons as superhuman,
and he so feared such beings as to hold them in reverential
awe; to some degree he literally worshiped them. Even having
twins was regarded as being either very lucky or very unlucky.
Lunatics, epileptics, and the feeble-minded were often worshiped
by their normal-minded fellows, who believed that such abnormal
beings were indwelt by the gods. Priests, kings, and prophets
were worshiped; the holy men of old were looked upon as inspired
by the deities.
85:6.3 Tribal chiefs died and were deified. Later, distinguished
souls passed on and were sainted. Unaided evolution never originated
gods higher than the glorified, exalted, and evolved spirits
of deceased humans. In early evolution religion creates its
own gods. In the course of revelation the Gods formulate religion.
Evolutionary religion creates its gods in the image and likeness
of mortal man; revelatory religion seeks to evolve and transform
mortal man into the image and likeness of God.
85:6.4 The ghost gods, who are of supposed human origin, should
be distinguished from the nature gods, for nature worship did
evolve a pantheon-nature spirits elevated to the position of
gods. The nature cults continued to develop along with the later
appearing ghost cults, and each exerted an influence upon the
other. Many religious systems embraced a dual concept of deity,
nature gods and ghost gods; in some theologies these concepts
are confusingly intertwined, as is illustrated by Thor, a ghost
hero who was also master of the lightning.
85:6.5 But the worship of man by man reached its height when
temporal rulers commanded such veneration from their subjects
and, in substantiation of such demands, claimed to have descended
from deity.
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7. ¿¹¹è º¸Á¶ÀÚ¿Í ÁöÇý º¸Á¶ÀÚ
85:7.1 (948.6) ÀÚ¿¬ ¼þ¹è´Â ¿ø½Ã
³²³àÀÇ ¸Ó¸® ¼Ó¿¡¼ ÀÚ¿¬È÷, ÀúÀý·Î »ý±ä µí º¸ÀÏÁö ¸ð¸£¸ç, ¶Ç ±×·¸°Ô »ý°Ü³µ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×µ¿¾È ¾ðÁ¦³ª ¹Ù·Î
ÀÌ ¿ø½ÃÀÎÀÇ ¸Ó¸® ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¿©¼¸Â° º¸Á¶ ¿µÀÌ ÀÛ¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ¾ú°í, ±× ¿µÀº Àΰ£ ÁøÈÀÇ ÀÌ ´Ü°è¿¡¼ ÁöµµÇÏ´Â ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ¸·Î¼
ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô ÀÌÀü¿¡ ¼ö¿©µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¿µÀº, ±× ù Ç¥ÇöÀÌ ¾Æ¹«¸® ¿ø½ÃÀûÀ̶óµµ, Àΰ£Á¾ÀÇ ¿¹¹è ¿å±¸¸¦ Ç×»ó
ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å°°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. µ¿¹°À» ¹«¼¿öÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº °æ¹èÇϴ ǥÇöÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇß°í, ±× ÃʱâÀÇ °ü½ÀÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ´ë»ó¹°¿¡ ÁýÁߵǾú´Âµ¥µµ,
¿¹¹èÀÇ ¿µÀº ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡ ¼þ¹èÇÏ°í ½ÍÀº Àΰ£ÀÇ Ãæµ¿¿¡ ºÐ¸íÇÑ ±â¿øÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
85:7.2 (948.7) »ý°¢ÀÌ
¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´À³¦ÀÌ, ¸ðµç ÁøÈÀû ¹ßÀü¿¡ ¾È³»ÇÏ°í °í»ß¸¦ Áã´Â ¿µÇâÀ̾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³ÊÈñ´Â ±â¾ïÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¿ø½ÃÀÎÀÇ
¸Ó¸®¿¡´Â µÎ·Á¿ò, ȸÇÇ, ¿µ¿¹ µ¹¸®±â, ¼þ¹è »çÀÌ¿¡ °ÅÀÇ Â÷À̰¡ ¾ø´Ù.
85:7.3 (948.8) ¿¹¹èÀÇ
¿å±¸°¡ ÁöÇý¡ª¸í»óÇϰí üÇèÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â °Í¡ªÀÇ ÈÆ°è¿Í Áöµµ¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¶§, ±×¶§ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ Á¾±³ Çö»óÀ¸·Î ºñ·Î¼Ò ¹ßÀüÇÑ´Ù.
Àϰö° º¸Á¶ ¿µ, °ð ÁöÇýÀÇ ¿µÀÌ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î ºÀ»çÇÒ ¶§, ¿¹¹èÇÏ¸é¼ »ç¶÷Àº ÀÚ¿¬°ú ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ´ë»óÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ, ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ
Çϳª´Ô¿¡°Ô, ÀÚ¿¬½º·± ¸¸¹°ÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ Ã¢Á¶ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ºñ·Î¼Ò °í°³¸¦ µ¹¸°´Ù.
85:7.4 (949.1) [³×¹Ùµ·ÀÇ
ÇÑ Âù¶õÇÑ Àú³áº°ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù.]
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7. The Adjutants of Worship and Wisdom
85:7.1 Nature worship may seem to have arisen
naturally and spontaneously in the minds of primitive men and
women, and so it did; but there was operating all this time
in these same primitive minds the sixth adjutant spirit, which
had been bestowed upon these peoples as a directing influence
of this phase of human evolution. And this spirit was constantly
stimulating the worship urge of the human species, no matter
how primitive its first manifestations might be. The spirit
of worship gave definite origin to the human impulse to worship,
notwithstanding that animal fear motivated the expression! of
worshipfulness, and that its early practice became centered
upon objects of nature.
85:7.2 You must remember that feeling, not thinking, was the
guiding and controlling influence in all evolutionary development.
To the primitive mind there is little difference between fearing,
shunning, honoring, and worshiping.
85:7.3 When the worship urge is admonished and directed by wisdom-meditative
and experiential thinking-it then begins to develop into the
phenomenon of real religion. When the seventh adjutant spirit,
the spirit of wisdom, achieves effective ministration, then
in worship man begins to turn away from nature and natural objects
to the God of nature and to the eternal Creator of all things
natural.
85:7.4 [Presented by a Brilliant Evening Star of Nebadon. ]
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