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| Paper
81 Development of Modern Civilization | |
81:0.1 (900.1)
Ä®¸®°¡½ºÆ¼¾Æ¿Í ¾Æ´ãÀÇ ÀÓ¹«¿¡¼ ¿¹»óÇß´ø, ¼¼»ó °³¼± °èȹÀÌ ½ÇÆÐÇÔÀ¸·Î »ý±ä º¯µ¿°ú »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ, Àΰ£ÀÇ Áøº¸¿Í Á¾Á·ÀÇ
¹ßÀüÀ» Àç´Â ´«±ÝÀ¸·Î º¼ ¶§ ÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ ±âº» À¯±âüÀÇ ÁøÈ´Â Á¾Á·µéÀ» °è¼Ó ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÁøÈ´Â ´ÊÃâ ¼ö À־
¸ØÃâ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
| Regardless
of the ups and downs of the miscarriage of the plans for world betterment
projected in the missions of Caligastia and Adam, the basic organic
evolution of the human species continued to carry the races forward
in the scale of human progress and racial development. Evolution
can be delayed but it cannot be stopped. | |
81:0.2 (900.2)
º¸¶ó ÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ ¿µÇâÀº, °èȹÇß´ø °Íº¸´Ù ¼ö°¡ Àû±â´Â Ç߾ ¹®¸íÀÇ Áøº¸¸¦ ³º¾Ò°í, ÀÌ ¿µÇâÀº ¾Æ´ã ½ÃÀý ÀÌÈÄ¿¡, Àηù°¡
°ÅÀÇ 1¹é¸¸ ³â µ¿¾È, ÀÌÀüÀÇ Á¸Àç Àüü¸¦ ÅëÇؼ Áøº¸Çß´ø °Íº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ÄÇ´Ù.
| The influence
of the violet race, though in numbers smaller than had been planned,
produced an advance in civilization which, since the days of Adam,
has far exceeded the progress of mankind throughout its entire previous
existence of almost a million years. |
81:1.1 (900.3) ¾Æ´ã ½ÃÀý ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¾à 3¸¸ 5õ ³â µ¿¾È, ¹®¸íÀÇ ¿ä¶÷Àº ¼³² ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ³ªÀÏ ° À¯¿ªÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î, Á¶±Ý ºÏÂÊ¿¡ ¾Æ¶óºñ¾Æ ºÏºÎ¸¦ °¡·ÎÁö¸£°í, ¸Þ¼ÒÆ÷Ÿ¹Ì¾Æ¸¦ ÅëÇؼ Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅºÀ¸·Î °è¼Ó »¸¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í ±âÈÄ´Â ±× ½Ã´ë¿¡ ¹®¸íÀ» ¼¼¿ì´Â µ¥ °áÁ¤Àû ¿äÀÎÀ̾ú´Ù. | 1. The Cradle of Civilization For about thirty-five thousand years after the days of Adam, the cradle of civilization was in southwestern Asia, extending from the Nile valley eastward and slightly to the north across northern Arabia, through Mesopotamia, and on into Turkestan. And climate was the decisive factor in the establishment of civilization in that area. | |
81:1.2 (900.4)
¾Æ´ã Á·¼ÓÀÇ Ãʱâ À̵¿À» ±×Ä¡°Ô ÇÑ °ÍÀº ºÏ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿Í ¼ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´ø Å« ±âÈÄ ¹× ÁöÁúÇÐÀû º¯È¿´À¸¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº
È®´ëµÈ ÁöÁßÇØ·Î ±×µéÀ» À¯·´ ¹æÇâ¿¡¼ ¸·°í, À̹ÎÀÇ ¹°°áÀ» ºÏÂÊ°ú µ¿ÂÊÀ¸·Î, Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅºÀ¸·Î, »©µ¹·È´Ù. À°Áö°¡ ¿Ã¶ó¿À°í
±×¿¡ µû¶ó ±âÈÄÀÇ º¯È°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ±×Ä¥ ¶§°¡ µÇ¾î, ±â¿øÀü ¾à 15,000³â¿¡, µ¿ÂÊ¿¡´Â ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ »ê¸ÆÀ¸·Î, ¼ÂÊ¿¡´Â
À¯·´¿¡¼ È®´ëµÇ´Â ½£À¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¾ÆÁ÷µµ °¤Çô ÀÖ´ø ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ ¹®ÈÀû È¿¼Ò¿Í »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ºñÃàÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ¹®¸íÀº ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î
¸·´Ù¸¥ °ñ¸ñ¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö Á¤Ã¼µÇ¾ú´Ù.
| It was the
great climatic and geologic changes in northern Africa and western
Asia that terminated the early migrations of the Adamites, barring
them from Europe by the expanded Mediterranean and diverting the
stream of migration north and east into Turkestan. By the time of
the completion of these land elevations and associated climatic
changes, about 15,000 B.C., civilization had settled down to a world-wide
stalemate except for the cultural ferments and biologic reserves
of the Andites still confined by mountains to the east in Asia and
by the expanding forests in Europe to the west. | |
81:1.3 (900.5)
±âÈÄÀÇ ÁøÈ´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ ³ë·ÂÀÌ ÀÌ·çÁö ¸øÇÑ °ÍÀ» ¼ºÃëÇÏ·Á ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù½Ã ¸»Çؼ, À¯¶ó½Ã¾Æ »ç¶÷À¸·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý »ç³ÉÀ»
¹ö¸®°í ´õ Áøº¸µÈ µ¿¹° ±â¸£±â¿Í ³ó»ç Á÷Á¾À» °¡Áö¶ó°í °¿äÇÑ´Ù. ÁøÈ´Â ´À¸±±î ½ÍÁö¸¸, ¹«¼·°Ô È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
| Climatic evolution
is now about to accomplish what all other efforts had failed to
do, that is, to compel Eurasian man to abandon hunting for the more
advanced callings of herding and farming. Evolution may be slow,
but it is terribly effective. | |
81:1.4 (900.6)
ÃʱâÀÇ ³ó»ç²ÛµéÀÌ ³ë¿¹µéÀ» ¾ÆÁÖ ³Î¸® ÀÌ¿ëÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡, ³óºÎ´Â ¿¹Àü¿¡ »ç³É²Û°ú ¸ñÀÚ ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ¾÷½Å¿©±èÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù. ¿À·£
¼¼¿ù µ¿¾È ¶¥À» °æÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº õÇÏ°Ô »ý°¢µÇ¾ú´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ÈëÀ» ¸¸Áö´Â ÀÏÀº ÀúÁÖ¶ó´Â °³³äÀÌ »ý°å´Âµ¥, ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ÈëÀ¸·Î
¼ö°íÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¸ðµç Ãູ °¡¿îµ¥ À¸¶äÀÌ´Ù. Ä«Àΰú ¾Æº§ÀÇ ½ÃÀý¿¡µµ ¸ñÃà »ý¸íÀ» ¹ÙÄ¡´Â °ÍÀº ³ó»ê¹°À» µå¸®´Â °Íº¸´Ù
´õ ³ôÀÌ ¿©°å´Ù.
| Since slaves
were so generally employed by the earlier agriculturists, the farmer
was formerly looked down on by both the hunter and the herder. For
ages it was considered menial to till the soil; wherefore the idea
that soil toil is a curse, whereas it is the greatest of all blessings.
Even in the days of Cain and Abel the sacrifices of the pastoral
life were held in greater esteem than the offerings of agriculture. | |
81:1.5 (900.7)
»ç¶÷Àº º¸Åë »ç³É²ÛÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ, ¸ñÀÚÀÇ ½Ã±â¸¦ °ÅÃļ ¹Ù²î¾î ³ó»ç²ÛÀ¸·Î ÁøÈÇßÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ ¾Èµå Á·¼Ó »çÀÌ¿¡ Âü¸»À̾úÁö¸¸,
±×º¸´Ù ´õ ÈçÇÏ°Ô, ±âÈÄÀÇ ÇÊ¿ä¿¡ µû¸¥ ÁøÈÀû °¿ä°¡ ºÎÁ· Àüü¸¦ »ç³É²ÛÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¼º°øÀû ³óºÎ·Î ¹Ù·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡µµ·Ï ¸¸µé°ï
Çß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç³É¿¡¼ ³ó»ç·Î ¹Ù·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡´Â ÀÌ Çö»óÀº, º¸¶ó ÇÍÁÙ°ú ³ôÀº Á¤µµ·Î Á¾Á·ÀÌ È¥ÇÕµÈ Áö¿ª¿¡¼¸¸ ÀϾ´Ù.
| Man ordinarily
evolved into a farmer from a hunter by transition through the era
of the herder, and this was also true among the Andites, but more
often the evolutionary coercion of climatic necessity would cause
whole tribes to pass directly from hunters to successful farmers.
But this phenomenon of passing immediately from hunting to agriculture
only occurred in those regions where there was a high degree of
race mixture with the violet stock. | |
81:1.6 (901.1)
ÁøÈ ¹ÎÁ·µé(ƯÈ÷ Áß±¹ÀÎ)Àº, ¾î¼´Ù°¡ ÃàÃàÇÏ°Ô µÈ ¾¾³ª Á×Àº ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¸ÔÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ¹«´ý¿¡ µÐ ¾¾°¡ ½ÏÆ®´Â °ÍÀ» ÁöÄѺ½À¸·Î,
¾¾¸¦ ½É°í ³óÀÛ¹° Àç¹èÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ ¹è¿ü´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¼³² ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ µÎ·ç, ±â¸§Áø ° ¹Ù´Ú°ú ÀÎÁ¢ÇÑ Æò¾ß¸¦ µû¶ó¼,
¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀº ¼±Á¶·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹°·Á¹ÞÀº °³·®µÈ ³ó¾÷ ±â¼úÀ» ¾²°í ÀÖ¾ú°í, ±× ¼±Á¶´Â µÑ° µ¿»êÀÇ Å׵θ® ¾È¿¡¼ ³ó¾÷°ú ä¼Ò
°¡²Ù±â¸¦ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Á÷¾÷À¸·Î »ï¾Ò´Ù.
| The evolutionary
peoples (notably the Chinese) early learned to plant seeds and to
cultivate crops through observation of the sprouting of seeds accidentally
moistened or which had been put in graves as food for the departed.
But throughout southwest Asia, along the fertile river bottoms and
adjacent plains, the Andites were carrying out the improved agricultural
techniques inherited from their ancestors, who had made farming
and gardening the chief pursuits within the boundaries of the second
garden. | |
81:1.7 (901.2)
¸îõ ³â µ¿¾È ¾Æ´ãÀÇ ÀÚ¼ÕµéÀº, ¸Þ¼ÒÆ÷Ÿ¹Ì¾ÆÀÇ À§ÂÊ °æ°è¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °íÁö Àü¿ª¿¡ °ÉÃļ, µ¿»ê¿¡¼ °³·®ÇÑ ¹Ð°ú º¸¸®¸¦
½É¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ´ã°ú ¾Æ´ã¼ÕÀÇ ÀÚ¼ÕµéÀº ¿©±â¼ ¸¸³ª¼ ¹«¿ªÇÏ°í, »çȸÀûÀ¸·Î ¼¯¿´´Ù.
| For thousands
of years the descendants of Adam had grown wheat and barley, as
improved in the Garden, throughout the highlands of the upper border
of Mesopotamia. The descendants of Adam and Adamson here met, traded,
and socially mingled. | |
81:1.8 (901.3)
»ýÈ° Á¶°ÇÀÌ ÀÌ·¸°Ô °Á¦·Î º¯ÈµÈ °ÍÀº ±×·¸°Ô ¸¹Àº ºñÀ²ÀÇ Àηù·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ½Ä»ýÈ° °ü½À¿¡¼ Àâ½ÄÀ» Çϵµ·Ï ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
±×¸®°í ¹Ð¤ý½Ò¤ýä¼Ò·Î µÈ ½Ä»ç(ãÝÞÀ)¿Í °¡ÃàÀÇ °í±â¸¦ ¼¯¾î ¸Ô´Â °ÍÀº ÀÌ °í´ë ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ °Ç°°ú È°·Â ¸é¿¡¼ ¾ÕÀ¸·Î
³ª¾Æ°¡´Â Å« °ÉÀ½À» Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù.
| It was these
enforced changes in living conditions which caused such a large
proportion of the human race to become omnivorous in dietetic practice.
And the combination of the wheat, rice, and vegetable diet with
the flesh of the herds marked a great forward step in the health
and vigor of these ancient peoples. |
2. The Tools of Civilization The growth of culture is predicated upon the development of the tools of civilization. And the tools which man utilized in his ascent from savagery were effective just to the extent that they released man power for the accomplishment of higher tasks. | ||
81:2.2 (901.5)
»çȸÀû ¸é¿¡¼ ¹®È°¡ ½ÏÆ®°í Áøº¸°¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ Çö´ëÀÇ Àå¸é¿¡¼ Áö±Ý »ç´Â ³ÊÈñ´Â, »çȸ¿Í ¹®¸í¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© »ý°¢ÇÒ ¿©ºÐÀÇ
°Ü¸¦ÀÌ ½ÇÁ¦·Î Á¶±Ý Àִµ¥, ³ÊÈñÀÇ ¿¾ ¼±Á¶µéÀÌ ±íÀÌ µ¹ÀÌÄѺ¸°í »çȸÀûÀÎ »ý°¢À» ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¹ÙÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿©°¡°¡ °ÅÀÇ
¶Ç´Â µµ¹«Áö ¾ø¾ú´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» °£°úÇؼ´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù.
| You who now
live amid latter-day scenes of budding culture and beginning progress
in social affairs, who actually have some little spare time in which
to think about society and civilization, must not overlook the fact
that your early ancestors had little or no leisure which could be
devoted to thoughtful reflection and social thinking. | |
81:2.3 (901.6)
Àΰ£ÀÇ ¹®¸í¿¡¼ óÀ½ 4´ë Áøº¸´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°¾Ò´Ù:
| The first four
great advances in human civilization were: | |
81:2.4 (901.7) 1. ºÒÀ» ´Ù·ç±â. | 1. The taming of fire. 2. The domestication of animals. 3. The enslavement of captives. 4. Private property. | |
81:2.8 (901.11)
ºÒÀº óÀ½À¸·Î Å« ¹ß°ßÀ̾ú°í ±Ã±Ø¿¡ °úÇÐ ¼¼°è¿¡ À̸£´Â ¹®À» ¿¾úÁö¸¸, ÀÌ Á¡¿¡¼ ¿ø½ÃÀο¡°Ô °ÅÀÇ °¡Ä¡°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
¿ø½ÃÀÎÀº ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ º¸Åë Çö»óÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ·Á ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
| While fire,
the first great discovery, eventually unlocked the doors of the
scientific world, it was of little value in this regard to primitive
man. He refused to recognize natural causes as explanations for
commonplace phenomena. | |
81:2.9 (901.12)
¾îµð¿¡¼ ºÒÀÌ ¿Ô´Â°¡ Áú¹®À» ¹Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§, ¾Èµ·°ú ºÎ½Ëµ¹ÀÇ ´Ü¼øÇÑ À̾߱â´Â, ¾î¶² ÇÁ·Î¸ÞÅ׿콺¶ó´Â ÀÚ°¡ ¾î¶»°Ô ºÒÀ»
Çϴ÷κÎÅÍ ÈÉÃƴ°¡ ÇÏ´Â Àü¼³·Î °ð ´ëüµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿¾³¯ »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¸ö¼Ò ÀÌÇØÇÏ´Â ¹üÀ§ ¹Ù±ùÀÇ ¸ðµç ÀÚ¿¬ Çö»ó¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© ÃÊÀÚ¿¬Àû ¼³¸íÀ» ¾òÀ¸·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù. ¸¹Àº Çö´ëÀεµ °è¼Ó ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. À̸¥¹Ù ÀÚ¿¬ Çö»óÀ» ºñÀÎ°Ý Çö»óÀ¸·Î ¸¸µå´Â
µ¥ ¿À·£ ¼¼¿ùÀÌ °É·È°í, ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ³¡³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Âü ¿øÀÎÀ» ã´Â ¼ÖÁ÷ÇÏ°í Á¤Á÷ÇÏ°í µÎ·Á¿ò ¾ø´Â ¿¬±¸°¡ Çö´ë
°úÇÐÀ» ³º¾Ò´Ù: ±×·± ¿¬±¸°¡ Á¡¼ºÇÐÀ» õ¹®ÇÐÀ¸·Î, ¿¬±Ý¼úÀ» ÈÇÐÀ¸·Î, ¸¶¼úÀ» ÀǼú(ì¢âú)·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾ú´Ù.
| When asked
where fire came from, the simple story of Andon and the flint was
soon replaced by the legend of how some Prometheus stole it from
heaven. The ancients sought a supernatural explanation for all natural
phenomena not within the range of their personal comprehension;
and many moderns continue to do this. The depersonalization of so-called
natural phenomena has required ages, and it is not yet completed.
But the frank, honest, and fearless search for true causes gave
birth to modern science: It turned astrology into astronomy, alchemy
into chemistry, and magic into medicine. | |
81:2.10 (901.13)
±â°è°¡ »ý±â±â Àü ½Ã´ë¿¡, »ç¶÷ÀÌ ½º½º·Î ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ÀÏÀ» Çس¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀº µ¿¹°ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ̾ú´Ù. µ¿¹°À» ±æµéÀÎ
°ÍÀº »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¼Õ¿¡ »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ¿¬ÀåÀ» Áã¾î ÁÖ¾ú°í, µ¿¹°À» ¿µ¸®ÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ³ó¾÷°ú ¼ö¼ÛÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ±æÀ» ÁغñÇß´Ù.
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µ¿¹°ÀÌ ¾øÀÌ, »ç¶÷Àº ¿ø½Ã »óÅ·κÎÅÍ ÈÄÀÏÀÇ ¹®¸í ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î ¿Ã¶ó°¥ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù.
| In the premachine
age the only way in which man could accomplish work without doing
it himself was to use an animal. Domestication of animals placed
in his hands living tools, the intelligent use of which prepared
the way for both agriculture and transportation. And without these
animals man could not have risen from his primitive estate to the
levels of subsequent civilization. | |
81:2.11 (902.1)
±æµéÀ̱⿡ °¡Àå Àû´çÇÑ µ¿¹°ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀº ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼, ƯÈ÷ Áß¾Ó Áö¿ª¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ ¼³² Áö¿ª¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ
¾î°¼ ¼¼°èÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¾î´À ºÎºÐº¸´Ù ±× À§Ä¡¿¡¼ ¹®¸íÀÌ ´õ »¡¸® Áøº¸Çߴ°¡ ÇÏ´Â ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯¿´´Ù. ÀÌ µ¿¹° Áß¿¡ ´Ù¼ö´Â
µÎ ¹øÀ̳ª ÀÌÀü¿¡ ±æµéÀÎ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ¾Èµå Á·¼Ó ½Ã´ë¿¡ ±× µ¿¹°À» ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø ±æµé¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °³´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ¿À·¡
¿À·¡ Àü¿¡, ûÀÎÀÌ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÎ µÚ·Î ´Ã »ç³É²Û°ú ÇÔ²² ³²¾Æ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
| Most of the
animals best suited to domestication were found in Asia, especially
in the central to southwest regions. This was one reason why civilization
progressed faster in that locality than in other parts of the world.
Many of these animals had been twice before domesticated, and in
the Andite age they were retamed once again. But the dog had remained
with the hunters ever since being adopted by the blue man long,
long before. | |
81:2.12 (902.2)
Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅºÀÇ ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀº ¸»À» ³Î¸® ±æµéÀΠù ¹ÎÁ·À̾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¾î°¼ ±×µéÀÇ ¹®È°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ ¿À·§µ¿¾È Áö¹èÇߴ°¡ ÇÏ´Â
¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. ±â¿øÀü 5000³âÀÌ µÇÀÚ, ¸Þ¼ÒÆ÷Ÿ¹Ì¾Æ¤ýÅõ¸£Å°½ºÅº¤ýÁß±¹ÀÇ ³óºÎµéÀº ¾ç¤ý¿°¼Ò¤ý¼Ò¤ý³«Å¸, ¸»¤ý°¡±Ý¤ýÄÚ³¢¸®¸¦
±â¸£±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ±×µéÀº Ȳ¼Ò¤ý³«Å¸¤ý¸»¤ý¾ßÅ©¸¦ Áü ½Æ´Â Áü½ÂÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇß´Ù. ¹Ù·Î »ç¶÷Àº ÇѶ§ ÁüÀ» ºÎ¸®´Â Áü½ÂÀ̾ú´Ù.
ûÀÎÁ¾ÀÇ ¾î´À ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ´Â ÇѶ§ ±×ÀÇ Áü²Û °Å·ùÁö¿¡ 10¸¸ ¸íÀ» °Å´À¸®°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
| The Andites
of Turkestan were the first peoples to extensively domesticate the
horse, and this is another reason why their culture was for so long
predominant. By 5000 B.C. the Mesopotamian, Turkestan, and Chinese
farmers had begun the raising of sheep, goats, cows, camels, horses,
fowls, and elephants. They employed as beasts of burden the ox,
camel, horse, and yak. Man was himself at one time the beast of
burden. One ruler of the blue race once had one hundred thousand
men in his colony of burden bearers. | |
81:2.13 (902.3)
³ë¿¹ Á¦µµ¿Í ÅäÁö¸¦ »çÀ¯(Þçêó)ÇÏ´Â Á¦µµ´Â ³ó¾÷°ú ÇÔ²² ¿Ô´Ù. ³ë¿¹ Á¦µµ´Â ÁÖÀÎÀÇ »ýÈ° ¼öÁØÀ» ³ô¿© ÁÖ¾ú°í, »çȸÀÇ
¹®È¸¦ ´©¸± ¿©°¡¸¦ ´õ ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
| The institutions
of slavery and private ownership of land came with agriculture.
Slavery raised the master's standard of living and provided more
leisure for social culture. | |
81:2.14 (902.4)
¾ß¸¸ÀÎÀº ÀÚ¿¬¿¡ º¹Á¾ÇÏ´Â ³ë¿¹ÀÌÁö¸¸, °úÇÐ ¹®¸íÀº õõÈ÷ Àηù¿¡°Ô ´Ã¾î³ª´Â ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ºÎ¿©ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µ¿¹°¤ýºÒ¤ý¹Ù¶÷¤ý¹°¤ýÀü±â,
±×¸®°í ¹ß°ßµÇÁö ¾ÊÀº ´Ù¸¥ ¿¡³ÊÁö ±Ù¿øÀ» ÅëÇؼ, »ç¶÷Àº ½¯»õ¾øÀÌ ¼ö°íÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ÇعæÇß°í, ¾ÕÀ¸·Îµµ °è¼Ó
ÇعæÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±â°è¸¦ dzºÎÇÏ°Ô ¹ß¸íÇÔÀ¸·Î »ý±â´Â ÀϽÃÀû ¾î·Á¿ò°ú »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ, ±×·¯ÇÑ ±â°è ¹ß¸íÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ò°Ô µÇ´Â
±Ã±ØÀÇ À̵æÀº Ãø·®ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» ó¸®ÇÏ´Â »õ·Ó°í ´õ ÁÁÀº ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ°í, °èȹÇÏ°í, »ó»óÇÒ ¿©°¡¸¦ °¡Áú
¶§±îÁö, ¹®¸íÀº ¼¼¿öÁö±â´ÂÄ¿³ç, °áÄÚ ¹ø¿µÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
| The savage
is a slave to nature, but scientific civilization is slowly conferring
increasing liberty on mankind. Through animals, fire, wind, water,
electricity, and other undiscovered sources of energy, man has liberated,
and will continue to liberate, himself from the necessity for unremitting
toil. Regardless of the transient trouble produced by the prolific
invention of machinery, the ultimate benefits to be derived from
such mechanical inventions are inestimable. Civilization can never
flourish, much less be established, until man has leisure to think,
to plan, to imagine new and better ways of doing things. | |
81:2.15 (902.5)
»ç¶÷Àº ¸ÕÀú Àº½Åó¸¦ ´ÜÁö ÃëÇÏ°í, ¹ÙÀ§ ¼±¹Ý ¹Ø¿¡ »ì°Å³ª µ¿±¼¿¡ °ÅÁÖÇß´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ³ª¹«¿Í µ¹ °°Àº õ¿¬ Àç·á¸¦ °¡Á·
¿ò¸·À» Áþ´Â µ¥ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î ÁýÀ» Áþ´Â âÁ¶ ´Ü°è¿¡ µé¾î°¬°í, º®µ¹°ú ±âŸ °ÇÃà ÀÚÀç ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀ» ¹è¿ü´Ù.
| Man first
simply appropriated his shelter, lived under ledges or dwelt in
caves. Next he adapted such natural materials as wood and stone
to the creation of family huts. Lastly he entered the creative stage
of home building, learned to manufacture brick and other building
materials. | |
81:2.16 (902.6)
Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅº °íÁöÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀº Çö´ë¿¡ °¡±î¿î Á¾Á·µé Áß¿¡¼ óÀ½À¸·Î ³ª¹«·Î ÁýÀ» Áö¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ÁýµéÀº ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä«¿¡ °³Ã´ÇÏ¿©
Á¤ÁÖÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ Ãʱ⿡ ÁöÀº Å볪¹« Áý°ú ¾ÆÁÖ ´Ù¸£Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. Æò¾ß¿¡ µÎ·ç, Àΰ£ÀÇ °Åó´Â º®µ¹·Î Áö¾úÀ¸¸ç, ³ªÁß¿¡´Â
±¸¿î º®µ¹À» ½è´Ù.
| The peoples
of the Turkestan highlands were the first of the more modern races
to build their homes of wood, houses not at all unlike the early
log cabins of the American pioneer settlers. Throughout the plains
human dwellings were made of brick; later on, of burned bricks.
| |
81:2.17 (902.7)
°°¡¿¡ »ì´ø ÀÌÀüÀÇ Á¾Á·µéÀº ¶¥¿¡, µ¿±×¶ó¹Ì ¾È¿¡ ³ôÀº Àå´ëµéÀ» ¼¼¿ö¼ ¿ò¸·À» Áö¾ú´Ù. ²À´ë±âµéÀ» Çѵ¥ ¸ð¾Æ¼, ¿ò¸·À»
À§ÇÑ »À´ë¸¦ ¸¸µé¾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀ» °¡·ÎÁö¸£´Â °¥´ë·Î ¿«¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀÛÇ° Àüü°¡ ¾þ¾îÁø Å« ±¤ÁÖ¸® °°¾Ò´Ù. ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ ÀÌ
±¸Á¶¹°¿¡ ÁøÈë Ä¥À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÇÞºû¿¡ ¸»¸° ´ÙÀ½, ¾ÆÁÖ ¾µ¸ð ÀÖ´Â °Åó, ºñ¹Ù¶÷¿¡ °ßµð´Â °Åó°¡ µÇ°ï
Çß´Ù.
| The older
river races made their huts by setting tall poles in the ground
in a circle; the tops were then brought together, making the skeleton
frame for the hut, which was interlaced with transverse reeds, the
whole creation resembling a huge inverted basket. This structure
could then be daubed over with clay and, after drying in the sun,
would make a very serviceable weatherproof habitation. | |
81:2.18 (902.8)
ÀÌ ÃʱâÀÇ ¿ò¸·À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ, ³ªÁß¿¡ ¿Â°® Á¾·ùÀÇ ±¤ÁÖ¸®¸¦ Â¥´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ µû·Î »ý°Ü³µ´Ù. ÇÑ Áý´Ü »çÀÌ¿¡¼, µµ±â(Ô¶Ðï)¸¦
¸¸µå´Â »ý°¢Àº ÀÌ Àå´ë ƲÀ» Á¥Àº ÁøÈëÀ¸·Î ¹Ù¸£´Â È¿°ú¸¦ ÁöÄѺ¸´Â µ¥¼ »ý°Ü³µ´Ù. ±¸¿ö¼ µµ±â¸¦ ´Ü´ÜÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ¹ýÀº
ÁøÈëÀ¸·Î ¹Ù¸¥ ÀÌ ¿ø½Ã ¿ò¸· Áß Çϳª°¡ ¾î¼´Ù°¡ Ÿ´Â ¹Ù¶÷¿¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿¾ ½ÃÀýÀÇ ¿©·¯ ±â¼úÀº Ãʱ⠹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ ÀÏ»ó
»ýÈ°¿¡ µû¸£´Â ¿ì¿¬ÇÑ ÀÏ¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ÀûÀÌ ¸¹¾Ò´Ù. Àû¾îµµ ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ, ¾Æ´ãÀÌ ¿Ã ¶§±îÁö, Àηù°¡ ÁøÈÇÏ´Â ¹ß°ÉÀ½¿¡ °üÇÏ¿©
°ÅÀÇ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î Âü¸»À̾ú´Ù.
| It was from
these early huts that the subsequent idea of all sorts of basket
weaving independently originated. Among one group the idea of making
pottery arose from observing the effects of smearing these pole
frameworks with moist clay. The practice of hardening pottery by
baking was discovered when one of these clay-covered primitive huts
accidentally burned. The arts of olden days were many times derived
from the accidental occurrences attendant upon the daily life of
early peoples. At least, this was almost wholly true of the evolutionary
progress of mankind up to the coming of Adam. | |
81:2.19 (903.1) ¾à 50¸¸ ³â Àü¿¡ ¿µÁÖÀÇ Âü¸ðÁøÀÌ µµ±â¸¦ óÀ½À¸·Î
¼Ò°³ÇßÁö¸¸, ÁøÈë ±×¸©À» ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀº 15¸¸ ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï ½ÇÁö·Î ±×ÃÆ´Ù. ¿À·ÎÁö ±× ¸¸(ؽ)ÀÇ[1] ¹Ù´å°¡¿¡,
¼ö¸Þ¸£ ÀÌÀüÀÇ ³ò Á·¼ÓÀÌ °è¼ÓÇؼ ÁøÈë ±×¸©À» ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. µµ±â¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â ±â¼úÀº ¾Æ´ãÀÇ ½ÃÀý¿¡ ºÎÈ°µÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ±â¼úÀÇ
ÀüÆÄ´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«, ¾Æ¶óºñ¾Æ, Áß¾Ó ¾Æ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ »ç¸· Áö¿ªÀÌ »¸´Â °Í°ú µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀϾ°í, °³·®µÈ ±â¼úÀÌ ¿¬´Þ¾Æ Æĵµ¸¦
ÀÌ·ç¾î ¸Þ¼ÒÆ÷Ÿ¹Ì¾Æ·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹Ù±ùÀ¸·Î µ¿¹Ý±¸¿¡ ÆÛÁ³´Ù. | While pottery
had been first introduced by the staff of the Prince about one-half
million years ago, the making of clay vessels had practically ceased
for over one hundred and fifty thousand years. Only the gulf coast
pre-Sumerian Nodites continued to make clay vessels. The art of
pottery making was revived during Adam's time. The dissemination
of this art was simultaneous with the extension of the desert areas
of Africa, Arabia, and central Asia, and it spread in successive
waves of improving technique from Mesopotamia out over the Eastern
Hemisphere. | |
81:2.20 (903.2)
ÀÌ ¾Èµå ½Ã´ëÀÇ ¹®¸íÀ» ±×µéÀÇ µµ±â³ª ´Ù¸¥ ¿¹¼úÀÇ ´Ü°è·Î ¹Ýµå½Ã ÃßÀûÇÒ ¼ö´Â ¾ø´Ù. Àΰ£ÀÌ ÁøÈÇÏ´Â ¼øÁ¶·Î¿î °úÁ¤Àº
´Þ¶ó¸¶½Ã¾Æ¿Í ¿¡µ§, ÀÌ µÎ üÁ¦·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¾öû³ª°Ô ±î´Ù·Î¿öÁ³´Ù. ÈÄÀÏÀÇ Èº´°ú µµ±¸°¡ ´õ ¼ø¼öÇÑ ¾Èµå ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÌ ¿¹Àü¿¡
¸¸µç ÀÛÇ°º¸´Ù ¸øÇÑ °æ¿ì°¡ ÈçÈ÷ »ý±ä´Ù.
| These civilizations
of the Andite age cannot always be traced by the stages of their
pottery or other arts. The smooth course of human evolution was
tremendously complicated by the regimes of both Dalamatia and Eden.
It often occurs that the later vases and implements are inferior
to the earlier products of the purer Andite peoples. |
81:3.1 (903.3) Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅºÀÇ ±â¸§Áö°í ÈÍÈ÷ Æ®ÀÎ ÃÊ¿øÀÇ ¶¥, »ç³ÉÇÏ¸ç µ¿¹°ÀÌ Ç® ¶â´Â ¶¥ÀÌ ±âÈÄ·Î ¸»¶ó¹ö¸° °ÍÀº ±â¿øÀü 12,000³â ¹«·Æ¿¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿©, ±× Áö¿ªÀÇ »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý »õ·Î¿î ÇüÅÂÀÇ »ê¾÷°ú Åõ¹ÚÇÑ Á¦Á¶¾÷¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸Çϵµ·Ï °¿äÇÏ¿´´Ù. ´õ·¯´Â ±æµéÀÎ °¡Ãà ¶¼¸¦ ±â¸£´Â ÀÏ·Î ¹ß±æÀ» µ¹·È°í, ´õ·¯´Â ³ó»ç²ÛÀÌ µÇ°Å³ª ¹°¿¡¼ ÀÚ¶ó´Â ¸ÔÀ»°Å¸®¸¦ ¸ðÀ¸´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, ¾Èµå Á·¼Ó¿¡¼ »ó±Þ ºÎ·ùÀÇ ÁöÀû Á¸ÀçµéÀº »ó¾÷°ú Á¦Á¶¾÷À» ¼±ÅÃÇß´Ù. Àüü ºÎÁ·(Ý»ðé)ÀÌ ÇÑ °¡Áö »ê¾÷ÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ ¸ôµÎÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °ü½ÀÀÌ µÇ±âµµ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³ªÀÏ ° À¯¿ªÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÈùµÎ Äí½Ã±îÁö, ±×¸®°í °£Áö½º °À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ È²ÇÏ¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö, ¿ì¼öÇÑ ºÎÁ·µéÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ »ç¾÷Àº ¶¥À» °æÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í, »ó¾÷Àº ºÎ¾÷ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
| 3. Cities, Manufacture, and Commerce The climatic destruction of the rich, open grassland hunting and grazing grounds of Turkestan, beginning about 12,000 B.C., compelled the men of those regions to resort to new forms of industry and crude manufacturing. Some turned to the cultivation of domesticated flocks, others became agriculturists or collectors of water-borne food, but the higher type of Andite intellects chose to engage in trade and manufacture. It even became the custom for entire tribes to dedicate themselves to the development of a single industry. From the valley of the Nile to the Hindu Kush and from the Ganges to the Yellow River, the chief business of the superior tribes became the cultivation of the soil, with commerce as a side line. | |
81:3.2 (903.4)
¹«¿ª, ±×¸®°í ¿øÀÚÀ縦 ¿©·¯ °¡Áö »óÇ°À¸·Î ¸¸µå´Â Á¦Á¶¾÷ÀÇ Áõ°¡´Â ÃʱâÀÇ ¾ó¸¶Å ÆòÈ·Î¿î °øµ¿Ã¼¸¦ ¸¸µå´Â µ¥ Á÷Á¢
µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ¾ú°í, ÀÌ °øµ¿Ã¼µéÀº ¹®È¿Í ¹®¸íÀÇ ±â¼úÀ» Æ۶߸®´Â µ¥ Å« ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃÆ´Ù. ±¤¹üÀ§ÇÑ ¼¼°è ¹«¿ª ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿À±â
Àü¿¡, »çȸÀÇ °øµ¿Ã¼´Â ºÎÁ· ´ÜÀ§¿´´Ù¡ªÈ®´ëµÈ °¡Á· Áý´ÜÀ̾ú´Ù. ¹«¿ª(Ùõæ¶)Àº ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ Àΰ£µéÀÌ ¼·Î Ä£±³Çϵµ·Ï
À̲ø¾ú°í, ÀÌó·³ ¹®ÈÀÇ ´õ ºü¸¥ ±³·ù¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÏ¿´´Ù.
| The increase
in trade and in the manufacture of raw materials into various articles
of commerce was directly instrumental in producing those early and
semipeaceful communities which were so influential in spreading
the culture and the arts of civilization. Before the era of extensive
world trade, social communities were tribal¡ªexpanded family groups.
Trade brought into fellowship different sorts of human beings, thus
contributing to a more speedy cross-fertilization of culture. | |
81:3.3 (903.5)
¾à 1¸¸ 2õ ³â Àü¿¡, µ¶¸³µÈ µµ½ÃÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡ ¹à¾Æ¿À°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿ø½Ã ¹«¿ª°ú Á¦Á¶¾÷À» ÇÏ´Â ÀÌ µµ½ÃµéÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã, ³ó»ç¸¦
Áþ°í °¡ÃàÀ» ±â¸£´Â Áö´ë¿¡ µÑ·¯½Î¿© ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. »ýÈ° ¼öÁØÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁüÀ¸·Î »ê¾÷ÀÌ ÃËÁøµÈ °ÍÀÌ Âü¸»ÀÌÁö¸¸, ³ÊÈñ´Â ¿¾³¯ÀÇ
µµ½Ã »ýÈ°ÀÇ ¼¼·ÃµÈ Á¤µµ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¹«·± ¿ÀÇظ¦ °¡Á®¼´Â ¾È µÈ´Ù. ÃʱâÀÇ Á¾Á·µéÀº Áö³ªÄ¡°Ô ±ò²ûÇϰųª ±ú²ýÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í,
º¸ÅëÀÇ ¿ø½Ã °øµ¿Ã¼´Â ´ÜÁö Èë°ú ¾²·¹±â°¡ ½×ÀÎ °á°ú·Î¼, 25³â¸¶´Ù 30¿¡¼ 60¼¾Æ¼¹ÌÅÍ°¡ ³ô¾ÆÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ ¿À·¡ µÈ
µµ½Ãµé °¡¿îµ¥ ¾î¶² °ÍÀº ±ÁÁö ¾ÊÀº ÁøÈë ¿ÀµÎ¸·ÀÌ ¿À·¡ °¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡ µÑ·¹ÀÇ ¶¥º¸´Ù ¾ÆÁÖ »¡¸® ³ô¾ÆÁ³°í, ¿¾³¯ÀÇ
ÆóÇã ¹Ù·Î À§¿¡ »õ ÁÖ°Å(ñ¬ËÜ)¸¦ Áþ´Â °ÍÀÌ Ç³½ÀÀ̾ú´Ù.
| About twelve
thousand years ago the era of the independent cities was dawning.
And these primitive trading and manufacturing cities were always
surrounded by zones of agriculture and cattle raising. While it
is true that industry was promoted by the elevation of the standards
of living, you should have no misconception regarding the refinements
of early urban life. The early races were not overly neat and clean,
and the average primitive community rose from one to two feet every
twenty-five years as the result of the mere accumulation of dirt
and trash. Certain of these olden cities also rose above the surrounding
ground very quickly because their unbaked mud huts were short-lived,
and it was the custom to build new dwellings directly on top of
the ruins of the old. | |
81:3.4 (903.6)
±Ý¼ÓÀÌ ³Î¸® ¾²ÀÌ°Ô µÈ °ÍÀº ÀÌ ÃʱâÀÇ »ê¾÷ ¹× »ó¾÷ µµ½Ã ½Ã´ëÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ̾ú´Ù. ³ÊÈñ´Â Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅº¿¡¼ ±â¿øÀü 9000³â
ÀüÀ¸·Î °Å½½·¯ ¿Ã¶ó°¡´Â ûµ¿±â ¹®È¸¦ ÀÌ¹Ì ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´°í, ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀº ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ö¤ý±Ý¤ý±¸¸®¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÏÂïºÎÅÍ
¹è¿ü´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ´õ Áøº¸µÈ ¹®¸íÀÇ Á߽ɵé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¶³¾îÁø °÷¿¡¼´Â Á¶°ÇÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ´Þ¶ú´Ù. ¼®±â ½Ã´ë, ûµ¿±â ½Ã´ë, ö±â
½Ã´ë¿Í °°Àº ¾Æ¹«·± ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ ½Ã±â°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¸ðµÎ ¼¼ ½Ã±â°¡ ÇѲ¨¹ø¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ Á¸ÀçÇß´Ù.
| The widespread
use of metals was a feature of this era of the early industrial
and trading cities. You have already found a bronze culture in Turkestan
dating before 9000 B.C., and the Andites early learned to work in
iron, gold, and copper, as well. But conditions were very different
away from the more advanced centers of civilization. There were
no distinct periods, such as the Stone, Bronze, and Iron Ages; all
three existed at the same time in different localities. | |
81:3.5 (904.1)
±ÝÀº »ç¶÷ÀÌ Ã³À½À¸·Î ã¾Æ´Ù´Ñ ±Ý¼ÓÀ̾ú´Ù. ±ÝÀº ÀÛ¾÷Çϱ⠽¬¿ü°í, óÀ½¿¡´Â Àå½ÄÇ°À¸·Î¸¸ ¾²¿´´Ù. ±¸¸®°¡ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¾úÀ¸³ª,
ÁÖ¼®(ñ¹à¸)°ú ¼¯¾î¼ ´õ ´Ü´ÜÇÑ Ã»µ¿À» ¸¸µé±â±îÁö ³Î¸® ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅºÀÇ ¾Æ´ã¼Õ Á·¼Ó °¡¿îµ¥ ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ
±¸¸®¿Í ÁÖ¼®À» ¼¯¾î¼ ûµ¿ ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇߴµ¥, ±×µéÀÇ °íÁö¿¡ ±¸¸® ±¤»êÀÌ ¸¶Ä§ ÁÖ¼® ¸ÅÀå ¿·¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
| Gold was the
first metal to be sought by man; it was easy to work and, at first,
was used only as an ornament. Copper was next employed but not extensively
until it was admixed with tin to make the harder bronze. The discovery
of mixing copper and tin to make bronze was made by one of the Adamsonites
of Turkestan whose highland copper mine happened to be located alongside
a tin deposit. | |
81:3.6 (904.2)
Åõ¹ÚÇÑ Á¦Á¶¾÷°ú Ãʱ⠻ê¾÷ÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ªÀÚ, »ó¾÷Àº ¹®È¸¦ °¡Áø ¹®¸íÀÇ º¸±Þ¿¡ À绡¸® °¡Àå À¯·ÂÇÑ ¿µÇâÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. À°Áö¿Í
¹Ù´Ù¸¦ °ÅÃÄ ¹«¿ªÀÇ ±æÀÌ ¿¸° °ÍÀº ¹®¸íÀÌ ¼¯ÀÌ°Ô ÇÒ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¿©Çà, ±×¸®°í ¹®ÈÀÇ È¥ÇÕÀ» Å©°Ô ¼ö¿ùÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
±â¿øÀü 5000³âÀÌ µÇÀÚ ¹®¸íÈµÈ ¶¥°ú ¹Ý¹®¸íÈµÈ ¶¥¿¡ µÎ·ç, ¸»ÀÌ ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ¾²¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ÈÄÀÏÀÇ Á¾Á·µéÀº ±æµéÀÎ
¸» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿©·¯ Á¾·ùÀÇ 4·ûÂ÷¿Í 2·û ÀüÂ÷(îúó³)¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿À·£ ¼¼¿ù Àü¿¡ ¹ÙÄû°¡ ¾²¿´Áö¸¸, ÀÌÁ¦ ±×·¸°Ô
Àåºñ¸¦ °®Ãá Â÷·®ÀÌ »ó¾÷°ú ÀüÀï, µÎ ±ºµ¥¼ º¸ÆíÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëµÇ¾ú´Ù.
| With the appearance
of crude manufacture and beginning industry, commerce quickly became
the most potent influence in the spread of cultural civilization.
The opening up of the trade channels by land and by sea greatly
facilitated travel and the mixing of cultures as well as the blending
of civilizations. By 5000 B.C. the horse was in general use throughout
civilized and semicivilized lands. These later races not only had
the domesticated horse but also various sorts of wagons and chariots.
Ages before, the wheel had been used, but now vehicles so equipped
became universally employed both in commerce and war. | |
81:3.7 (904.3)
¿©ÇàÇÏ´Â ¹«¿ª»ó°ú ¶°µ¹¾Æ´Ù´Ï´Â ŽÇè°¡´Â ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀ» ÇÕÄ£ °Íº¸´Ù À¯»ç(êóÞÈ) ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ¹®¸íÀÇ Áøº¸¿¡ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ
±â¿©Çß´Ù. ±º»çÀû Á¤º¹¤ý½Ä¹ÎÈ, ±×¸®°í ÈÄÀÏÀÇ Á¾±³µéÀÌ Á¶ÀåÇÑ ¼±±³ »ç¾÷µµ ¶ÇÇÑ ¹®È º¸±Þ¿¡ ¿äÀÎÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̰͵éÀº
¸ðµÎ ¹«¿ª °ü°è¿¡ 2Â÷ÀûÀ̾ú°í, ¹«¿ª °ü°è´Â »ê¾÷¿¡¼ ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ¹ßÀüÇÏ´Â ±â¼ú°ú °úÇÐÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ´Ã °¡¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Ù.
| The traveling
trader and the roving explorer did more to advance historic civilization
than all other influences combined. Military conquests, colonization,
and missionary enterprises fostered by the later religions were
also factors in the spread of culture; but these were all secondary
to the trading relations, which were ever accelerated by the rapidly
developing arts and sciences of industry. | |
81:3.8 (904.4)
¾Æ´ãÀÇ ÇÍÁÙÀÌ Àΰ£ Á¾Á·¿¡ ÁÖÀÔµÈ °ÍÀº ¹®¸íÀÇ °ÉÀ½À» ºü¸£°Ô ÇßÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ¶ÇÇÑ ¸ðÇè°ú ŽÇèÀÇ ¼ºÇâÀ» Å©°Ô ÀÚ±ØÇß°í,
±× °á°ú·Î ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ »¡¸® ¹ø½ÄÇϴ ȥÇ÷ ÈļÕÀÌ À¯¶ó½Ã¾Æ¿Í ºÏ ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» À̳» Â÷ÁöÇÏ¿´´Ù.
| Infusion of
the Adamic stock into the human races not only quickened the pace
of civilization, but it also greatly stimulated their proclivities
toward adventure and exploration to the end that most of Eurasia
and northern Africa was presently occupied by the rapidly multiplying
mixed descendants of the Andites. |
4. The Mixed Races As contact is made with the dawn of historic times, all of Eurasia, northern Africa, and the Pacific Islands is overspread with the composite races of mankind. And these races of today have resulted from a blending and reblending of the five basic human stocks of Urantia. | ||
81:4.2 (904.6)
À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ Á¾Á·µéÀº °¢ÀÚ ¾î¶² ±¸º°µÇ´Â ½ÅüÀÇ Æ¯Â¡À¸·Î È®ÀεǾú´Ù. ¾Æ´ã Á·¼Ó°ú ³ò Á·¼ÓÀº ¾ó±¼ÀÌ ±æ¾ú°í, ¾Èµ· Á·¼ÓÀº
¾ó±¼ÀÌ ³Ð¾ú´Ù. »ê±ã Á¾Á·µéÀº Áß°£ ¾ó±¼À̾ú°í, ȲÀΰú ûÀÎÀº ³ÐÀû ¾ó±¼ÀÎ ÆíÀ̾ú´Ù. ûÀÎ Á¾Á·µéÀº, ¾Èµ· Á·¼ÓÀÇ
ÇÍÁÙ°ú ¼¯¿´À» ¶§, ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ³ÐÀû ¾ó±¼ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù. 2Â÷ »ê±ãµéÀº Áß°£¿¡¼ ±ä ÆíÀÇ ¾ó±¼À̾ú´Ù.
| Each of the
Urantia races was identified by certain distinguishing physical
characteristics. The Adamites and Nodites were long-headed; the
Andonites were broad-headed. The Sangik races were medium-headed,
with the yellow and blue men tending to broad-headedness. The blue
races, when mixed with the Andonite stock, were decidedly broad-headed.
The secondary Sangiks were medium- to long-headed. | |
81:4.3 (904.7)
ÀÌ µÎ°³°ñ ±Ô°ÝÀÌ Á¾Á·ÀÇ ±â¿øÀ» Çص¶(ú°ÔÁ)ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾µ¸ð°¡ À־, ÅëƲ¾î¼ »À´ë°¡ ÈξÀ ´õ ¹ÏÀ» ¸¸ÇÏ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ
Á¾Á·µéÀÇ Ãʱ⠹ßÀü¿¡´Â ÃÖÃÊ¿¡ ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ùÀÇ »À ±¸Á¶°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù:
| Although these
skull dimensions are serviceable in deciphering racial origins,
the skeleton as a whole is far more dependable. In the early development
of the Urantia races there were originally five distinct types of
skeletal structure: | |
81:4.4 (904.8) 1. ¾Èµ· ºÎ·ù, À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ ÅäÂø¹Î. 81:4.5 (904.9) 2. 1Â÷ »ê±ã, È«ÀΤýȲÀΤýûÀÎ. 81:4.6 (904.10) 3. 2Â÷ »ê±ã, ÁÖȲÀΤý³ì»öÀΤý³²»öÀÎ. 81:4.7 (904.11) 4. ³ò Á·¼Ó, °ð ´Þ¶ó¸¶½Ã¾Æ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÈļÕ. 81:4.8 (904.12) 5. ¾Æ´ã Á·¼Ó, º¸¶ó ÀÎÁ¾. | 1. Andonic, Urantia aborigines. 2. Primary Sangik, red, yellow, and blue. 3. Secondary Sangik, orange, green, and indigo. 4. Nodites, descendants of the Dalamatians. 5. Adamites, the violet race. | |
81:4.9 (904.13)
ÀÌ 5´ë Á¾Á· Áý´ÜÀÌ ³Î¸® ¼·Î ¼¯ÀÓ¿¡ µû¶ó¼, °è¼ÓµÈ È¥ÇÕÀº »ê±ã À¯ÀüÀÇ ¿ì¼º(éÐàõ) ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾Èµ· ºÎ·ù¸¦ °¡¸®´Â
°æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¶óÇÁÀΰú ¿¡½ºÅ°¸ðÀÎÀº ¾Èµ· Á¾Á·°ú »ê±ã ûÀÎ Á¾Á·ÀÌ È¥ÇÕµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ »À ±¸Á¶´Â ÅäÂø ¾Èµ· ºÎ·ù¸¦
°£Á÷ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ¾ÆÁÖ °¡±õ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾Æ´ã Á·¼Ó°ú ³ò Á·¼ÓÀº ´Ù¸¥ Á¾Á·µé°ú ¾ÆÁÖ ¼¯¿©¼, ¿ÀÁ÷ ÀϹÝÈµÈ ÄÚÄ«¼½º °è±ÞÀ¸·Î¸¸
ŽÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| As these five
great racial groups extensively intermingled, continual mixture
tended to obscure the Andonite type by Sangik hereditary dominance.
The Lapps and the Eskimos are blends of Andonite and Sangik-blue
races. Their skeletal structures come the nearest to preserving
the aboriginal Andonic type. But the Adamites and the Nodites have
become so admixed with the other races that they can be detected
only as a generalized Caucasoid order. | |
81:4.10 (905.1)
µû¶ó¼, ´ëü·Î, Áö³ 2¸¸ ³â µ¿¾È¿¡ ½×ÀÎ, »ç¶÷ÀÇ À¯¹°À» ÆÄÇìħ¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Á¾·ù¸¦ ¶È¶ÈÈ÷ ±¸ºÐÇϱⰡ
ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ »À ±¸Á¶ÀÇ ¿¬±¸´Â Àηù°¡ ÀÌÁ¦ ´ë·« ¼¼ µî±ÞÀ¸·Î ³ª´©¾îÁ® ÀÖÀ½À» µå·¯³¾ °ÍÀÌ´Ù:
| In general,
therefore, as the human remains of the last twenty thousand years
are unearthed, it will be impossible clearly to distinguish the
five original types. Study of such skeletal structures will disclose
that mankind is now divided into approximately three classes: | |
81:4.11 (905.2)
1. ÄÚÄ«¼½º ÀÎÁ¾¡ª³ò°ú ¾Æ´ãÀÇ ÇÍÁÙÀÌ ¾Èµå Á·¼Ó°ú È¥ÇյǾú´Âµ¥, 1Â÷¿Í (¾ó¸¶Å) 2Â÷ »ê±ã°ú È¥ÇÕµÊÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í
¾Èµ· Á·¼Ó°ú »ó´çÈ÷ ±³¹èÇÔÀ¸·Î ´õ ¼öÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¼¾çÀÇ ¹éÀÎ Á¾Á·µéÀº, ¾ó¸¶ÅÀÇ ÀεµÀÎ ¹× Åõ¶õÀÎ Á¾Á·µé°ú ÇÔ²², ÀÌ
Áý´Ü¿¡ ¼ÓÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ±¸ºÐ¿¡¼ ÅëÀϵǴ ¿ä¼Ò´Â ¸¹µç Àûµç ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
| 1. The Caucasoid-the
Andite blend of the Nodite and Adamic stocks, further modified by
primary and (some) secondary Sangik admixture and by considerable
Andonic crossing. The Occidental white races, together with some
Indian and Turanian peoples, are included in this group. The unifying
factor in this division is the greater or lesser proportion of Andite
inheritance. | |
81:4.12 (905.3)
2. ¸ù°í ÀÎÁ¾¡ª1Â÷ »ê±ã ºÎ·ùÀ̸ç, ÃÖÃÊÀÇ È«Àΰú ȲÀΰú ûÀÎ Á¾Á·À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. Áß±¹Àΰú ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä« Àεð¾ÈÀÌ ÀÌ ¹«¸®¿¡
¼ÓÇÑ´Ù. À¯·´¿¡¼ ¸ù°í ÀÎÁ¾ ºÎ·ù´Â 2Â÷ »ê±ã°ú ¾Èµ· Á·¼Ó°ú È¥ÇÕµÊÀ¸·Î ¼öÁ¤µÇ°í, ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ ÁÖÀÔÀ¸·Î ´õ¿í ¼öÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù.
¸»·¹ÀÌ¿Í ±âŸ Àεµ³×½Ã¾Æ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÌ ÀÌ ºÐ·ù¿¡ µé¾î°£´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×µéÀº ³ôÀº ºñÀ²ÀÇ 2Â÷ »ê±ã ÇǸ¦ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù.
| 2. The Mongoloid-the
primary Sangik type, including the original red, yellow, and blue
races. The Chinese and Amerinds belong to this group. In Europe
the Mongoloid type has been modified by secondary Sangik and Andonic
mixture; still more by Andite infusion. The Malayan and other Indonesian
peoples are included in this classification, though they contain
a high percentage of secondary Sangik blood. | |
81:4.13 (905.4)
3. Èæ»ö ÀÎÁ¾¡ª2Â÷ »ê±ã Á¾·ù´Â ÃÖÃÊ¿¡ ÁÖȲ¤ý³ì»ö¤ý³²»ö Á¾Á·µéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇß´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÈæÀÎÀÌ °¡Àå Àß ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ºÎ·ùÀ̸ç,
¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«¿Í Àεµ¿Í Àεµ³×½Ã¾Æ µµÃ³¿¡, 2Â÷ »ê±ã Á¾Á·µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °÷Àº ¾îµð¿¡³ª ¹ß°ßµÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
| 3. The Negroid-the
secondary Sangik type, which originally included the orange, green,
and indigo races. This is the type best illustrated by the Negro,
and it will be found through Africa, India, and Indonesia wherever
the secondary Sangik races located. | |
81:4.14 (905.5)
Áß±¹ ºÏºÎ¿¡´Â ÄÚÄ«¼½º Á¾·ù¿Í ¸ù°í Á¾·ù°¡ ¾ó¸¶Å ¼¯¿´´Ù. ·¹¹ÝÆ®¿¡¼´Â ÄÚÄ«¼½º¿Í Èæ»ö ÀÎÁ¾ÀÌ ¼·Î ¼¯¿´´Ù. Àεµ¿¡¼´Â,
³² ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä«¿¡¼Ã³·³, ¸ðµÎ ¼¼ Á¾·ù°¡ ´ëÇ¥µÈ´Ù. »ì¾Æ³²Àº ¼¼ ºÎ·ùÀÇ °ñ°Ý Ư¡Àº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Áö¼ÓÇϸç, ¿À´Ã³¯ Àΰ£ Á¾Á·µéÀÇ
Èı⠼±Á¶¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÏ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
| In North China
there is a certain blending of Caucasoid and Mongoloid types; in
the Levant the Caucasoid and Negroid have intermingled; in India,
as in South America, all three types are represented. And the skeletal
characteristics of the three surviving types still persist and help
to identify the later ancestry of present-day human races. |
81:5.1 (905.6) »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ÁøÈ¿Í ¹®È°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®¸íÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã »ó°üµÇÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¾î´À ½Ã´ë¶óµµ À¯±âüÀÇ ÁøÈ´Â ¹®È°¡ ÅðÆóÇÏ´Â ÇÑ°¡¿îµ¥¼µµ ¹æÇعÞÁö ¾Ê°í ÁøÇàµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿À·£ ±â°£ÀÇ Àΰ£ ¿ª»ç¸¦ Á¶»çÇßÀ» ¶§, °á±¹Àº ÁøÈ¿Í ¹®È°¡ ¿øÀΰú °á°ú·Î¼ °ü°èµÊÀ» °üÂûÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÁøÈ´Â ¹®È°¡ ¾øÀ̵µ ÁøÇàµÉÁö ¸ð¸£Áö¸¸, ¹®È°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®¸íÀº ¸ÕÀú Á¾Á·ÀÌ Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â Àû´çÇÑ ¹è°æÀÌ ¾øÀÌ ¹ø¿µÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¾Æ´ã°ú À̺ê´Â Àΰ£ »çȸ°¡ Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ³¸¼± ¹®¸íÀÇ ±â¼úÀ» Çϳªµµ µé¿©¿ÀÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸³ª, ¾Æ´ãÀÇ ÇÇ´Â Á¾Á·µéÀÇ Å¸°í³ ´É·ÂÀ» È®´ëÇß°í, °æÁ¦°¡ ¹ßÀüÇÏ°í »ê¾÷ÀÌ Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â ±× °ÉÀ½À» °¡¼ÓÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾Æ´ãÀ» ¼ö¿©ÇÑ °ÍÀº Á¾Á·µéÀÇ µÎ³ú·ÂÀ» °³¼±ÇÏ¿´°í, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇÔÀ¸·Î ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ÁøÈ °úÁ¤À» Å©°Ô ÀçÃËÇÏ¿´´Ù. | 5. Cultural Society Biologic evolution and cultural civilization are not necessarily correlated; organic evolution in any age may proceed unhindered in the very midst of cultural decadence. But when lengthy periods of human history are surveyed, it will be observed that eventually evolution and culture become related as cause and effect. Evolution may advance in the absence of culture, but cultural civilization does not flourish without an adequate background of antecedent racial progression. Adam and Eve introduced no art of civilization foreign to the progress of human society, but the Adamic blood did augment the inherent ability of the races and did accelerate the pace of economic development and industrial progression. Adam's bestowal improved the brain power of the races, thereby greatly hastening the processes of natural evolution. | |
81:5.2 (905.7)
³ó»ç¸¦ Áþ°í, µ¿¹°À» ±æµéÀÌ°í, °ÇÃàÀ» °³·®ÇÔÀ¸·Î Àηù´Â »ì±â À§ÇÑ ²÷ÀÓ¾ø´Â ÃÖ¾ÇÀÇ ÅõÀïÀ» Â÷Ãû ÇÇÇß°í, »ç´Â °úÁ¤À»
¹«¾ùÀ¸·Î Áñ°Ì°Ô ¸¸µå´Â°¡ ãÀ¸·Á°í µÚÀû°Å¸®±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÀÚ²Ù ³ô¾ÆÁö´Â, ¹°ÁúÀû Æí¾ÈÀÇ ¼öÁØ¿¡ µµ´ÞÇÏ·Á´Â ¼ö°íÀÇ
½ÃÃÊ¿´´Ù. Á¦Á¶¾÷°ú »ê¾÷À» ÅëÇؼ, »ç¶÷Àº ÇÊ»ç »ýÈ°¿¡¼ Äè¶ôÀÇ ¼ººÐÀ» Â÷Ãû Å°¿ì°í ÀÖ´Ù.
| Through agriculture,
animal domestication, and improved architecture, mankind gradually
escaped the worst of the incessant struggle to live and began to
cast about to find wherewith to sweeten the process of living; and
this was the beginning of the striving for higher and ever higher
standards of material comfort. Through manufacture and industry
man is gradually augmenting the pleasure content of mortal life. | |
81:5.3 (906.1)
±×·¯³ª ¹®ÈÀû »çȸ´Â ³¯¶§ºÎÅÍ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÌ °øÂ¥·Î ȸ¿ø ÀÚ°ÝÀ» °¡Áö°í ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ ÆòµîÇÑ ¹°·Á¹ÞÀº Ư±ÇÀ» Áִ Ŭ·´, Å©°í
ÀÚ¼±Çϴ Ŭ·´ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ±× »çȸ´Â ³ô°í ´Ã Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â, Áö»óÀÇ Àϲ۵éÀÇ µ¿¾÷ Á¶ÇÕÀ̸ç, ¼¼»óÀ» Èļ¼¿¡ Àڽİú
¼ÕÀÚµéÀÌ »ì°í Áøº¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´õ ÁÁÀº °÷À¸·Î ¸¸µé·Á°í ¾Ö¾²´Â ±ÍÁ· Àϲ۸¸ ±× °è¿·Î ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀδÙ. ÀÌ ¹®¸í Á¶ÇÕÀº
ºñ½Ñ °¡ÀÔºñ¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ³»°í, ¾ö°ÝÇÏ°í ¼¼Âù ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ºÎ°úÇϸç, Âù¼ºÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ¿Í µû¸£Áö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô´Â ´©±¸³ª ¹«°Å¿î ¹úÀ»
³»¸®°í, ÇÑÆí °øÅëµÈ À§Çè°ú Á¾Á·ÀÇ À§Çù¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ´õ ¾ÈÀüÇØÁø °ÍÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, °³ÀÎÀÇ ¹æÁ¾À̳ª Ư±ÇÀ» °ÅÀÇ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
| But cultural
society is no great and beneficent club of inherited privilege into
which all men are born with free membership and entire equality.
Rather is it an exalted and ever-advancing guild of earth workers,
admitting to its ranks only the nobility of those toilers who strive
to make the world a better place in which their children and their
children's children may live and advance in subsequent ages. And
this guild of civilization exacts costly admission fees, imposes
strict and rigorous disciplines, visits heavy penalties on all dissenters
and nonconformists, while it confers few personal licenses or privileges
except those of enhanced security against common dangers and racial
perils. | |
81:5.4 (906.2)
»çȸÀû °ü°è´Â »ýÁ¸À» º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ º¸ÇèÀ̸ç, »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÌ º¸ÇèÀÌ À̷οòÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ »ç¶÷µéÀº Àڱ⸦
Èñ»ýÇÏ°í °³ÀÎÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ ´ÜÃàÇÏ´Â º¸Çè·á¸¦ ±â²¨ÀÌ ³»¸ç, »çȸ´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô Áý´ÜÀ¸·Î ´õ º¸È£¹Þ´Â °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ªÀ¸·Î ±× ±¸¼º¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
º¸Çè·á¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ³½´Ù. Àß¶ó ¸»Çϸé, ¿À´Ã³¯ »çȸÀÇ ±¸Á¶´Â ½ÃÇà Âø¿À·Î »ý±ä º¸Çè °èȹÀ̸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀηùÀÇ Ãʱâ üÇèÀÇ
Ư¡À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â, ²ûÂïÇÏ°í ¹Ý»çȸÀû Á¶°ÇÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡Áö ¾Êµµ·Ï ¾î´À Á¤µµ º¸ÀåÇÏ°í º¸È£Çϵµ·Ï °í¾ÈµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
| Social association
is a form of survival insurance which human beings have learned
is profitable; therefore are most individuals willing to pay those
premiums of self-sacrifice and personal-liberty curtailment which
society exacts from its members in return for this enhanced group
protection. In short, the present-day social mechanism is a trial-and-error
insurance plan designed to afford some degree of assurance and protection
against a return to the terrible and antisocial conditions which
characterized the early experiences of the human race. | |
81:5.5 (906.3)
ÀÌó·³ »çȸ´Â Á¦µµ¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯, ÀÚº»°ú ¹ß¸íÀ» ÅëÇؼ °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯, ¹®È¸¦ ÅëÇؼ »çȸÀû Çعæ, °æÂûÀÇ
±ÔÁ¦¸¦ ÅëÇؼ Æø·ÂÀ» ´çÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ È®º¸Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¼·Î Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â °èȹÀÌ´Ù.
| Society thus
becomes a co-operative scheme for securing civil freedom through
institutions, economic freedom through capital and invention, social
liberty through culture, and freedom from violence through police
regulation. | |
81:5.6 (906.4)
ÈûÀÌ Á¤ÀÇ(ïáëù)¸¦ ³ºÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ¸³ª, ÈûÀº µÚÀÕ´Â °¢ ¼¼´ë°¡ °øÅëÀ¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ±Ç¸®¸¦ ÁýÇàÇÑ´Ù. Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ÀÓ¹«´Â
±Ç¸®¸¦ ±Ô¸íÇÏ°í, °è±ÞÀÇ Â÷À̸¦ Á¤´çÇÏ°í °øÆòÇÏ°Ô ±ÔÁ¦Çϸç, ¹ýÀÇ ÅëÄ¡ ¹Ø¿¡¼ ±âȸÀÇ ÆòµîÀ» ½Ç½ÃÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Àΰ£ÀÇ
¸ðµç ±Ç¸®´Â »çȸÀû ÀÓ¹«¿Í °áÇյǾî ÀÖ´Ù. Áý´ÜÀÇ Æ¯±ÇÀº º¸Çè ÀÛ¿ëÀ̸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº Áý´Ü¿¡°Ô ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â Èû°Ü¿î º¸Çè·á Àü¾×À»
³¾ °ÍÀ» ¾î±è¾øÀÌ ¿ä±¸ÇÑ´Ù. °³ÀÎÀÇ ±Ç¸® »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Áý´ÜÀÇ ±Ç¸®´Â, ¼º(àõ) ¹ö¸©ÀÇ ±ÔÁ¦¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿©, º¸È£ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| Might does
not make right, but it does enforce the commonly recognized rights
of each succeeding generation. The prime mission of government is
the definition of the right, the just and fair regulation of class
differences, and the enforcement of equality of opportunity under
the rules of law. Every human right is associated with a social
duty; group privilege is an insurance mechanism which unfailingly
demands the full payment of the exacting premiums of group service.
And group rights, as well as those of the individual, must be protected,
including the regulation of the sex propensity. | |
81:5.7 (906.5)
Áý´ÜÀÇ ±ÔÁ¦¿¡ Áö¹è¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ÀÚÀ¯´Â »çȸÀÇ ÁøÈ¿¡¼ Á¤´çÇÑ ¸ñÇ¥ÀÌ´Ù. Á¦ÇÑ ¾ø´Â ÀÚÀ¯´Â ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÏ°í °æ¼ÖÇÑ Àΰ£ Áö¼ºµéÀÌ
Áö¾î³½ ÇêµÇ°í ȯ»ó °°Àº ²ÞÀÌ´Ù.
| Liberty subject
to group regulation is the legitimate goal of social evolution.
Liberty without restrictions is the vain and fanciful dream of unstable
and flighty human minds. |
81:6.1 (906.6) »ý¹°ÇÐÀû ÁøÈ´Â ´Ã ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³ª¾Æ°¬Áö¸¸, ¸¹Àº ¹®ÈÀû ÁøÈ´Â À¯ÇÁ¶óÅ×½º ° À¯¿ªÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Æĵµ¸¦ Áö¾î ³ª°¬À¸¸ç, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Æĵµ´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³²¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ¼ø¼ö Ç÷ÅëÀ» °¡Áø ¾Æ´ã ÈÄ¼Õ Àüü°¡ ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿Í À¯·´ÀÇ ¹®¸íÀ» °ÈÇÏ·Á°í ¸¶Ä§³» ¶°³ª°¥ ¶§±îÁö, ¿¬´Þ¾Æ ¾àȵǾú´Ù. Á¾Á·µéÀº ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¼¯ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, ±×µéÀÇ ¹®¸íÀº »ó´çÇÑ Á¤µµ±îÁö ¼¯¿´´Ù. ¹®È°¡ õõÈ÷ ¼¼°è¿¡ µÎ·ç ÆÛÁ³´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ¹®¸íÀº À¯ÁöµÇ°í ¾çÀ°(å×ëÀ)µÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ¿À´Ã³¯ ¹®ÈÀÇ »õ ±Ù¿øÀÌ Çϳªµµ Á¸ÀçÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í, ¹®¸íÀÌ ÁøÈÇÏ´Â ´À¸° °ÉÀ½¿¡ È°·ÂÀ» ÁÖ°í À̸¦ ÀÚ±ØÇÒ ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÌ ÀüÇô ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. | 6. The Maintenance of Civilization While biologic evolution has proceeded ever upward, much of cultural evolution went out from the Euphrates valley in waves, which successively weakened as time passed until finally the whole of the pure-line Adamic posterity had gone forth to enrich the civilizations of Asia and Europe. The races did not fully blend, but their civilizations did to a considerable extent mix. Culture did slowly spread throughout the world. And this civilization must be maintained and fostered, for there exist today no new sources of culture, no Andites to invigorate and stimulate the slow progress of the evolution of civilization. | |
81:6.2 (906.7)
Áö±Ý À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ÁøÈÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¹®¸íÀº ´ÙÀ½ ¿äÀο¡¼ »ý°Ü³µ°í, ¶Ç ±× ¿äÀο¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù:
| The civilization
which is now evolving on Urantia grew out of, and is predicated
on, the following factors: | |
81:6.3 (906.8)
1. ÀÚ¿¬ »óȲ. ¹°Áú ¹®¸íÀÇ ¼ºÁú°ú ¹üÀ§´Â ´ëü·Î ¼Ò¿ëµÇ´Â ÀÚ¿¬ ÀÚ¿ø¿¡ µû¶ó °áÁ¤µÈ´Ù. ±âÈĤý³¯¾¾, ±×¸®°í ¼ö¸¹Àº
¹°¸®Àû Á¶°ÇÀº ¹®ÈÀÇ Áøȸ¦ °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ¿äÀÎÀÌ´Ù.
| 1. Natural
circumstances. The nature and extent of a material civilization
is in large measure determined by the natural resources available.
Climate, weather, and numerous physical conditions are factors in
the evolution of culture. | |
81:6.4 (907.1)
¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡ ¿·ÈÀ» ¶§, ¿Â ¼¼°è¿¡ ±¤È°ÇÏ°í ºñ¿ÁÇÏ°í Ź Æ®ÀÎ »ç³É Áö¿ªÀÌ ¿ÀÁ÷ µÎ ±ºµ¥ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Çϳª´Â ºÏ
¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä«¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í, °Å±â¿¡´Â ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä« ¿øÁÖ¹ÎÀÌ ÆÛÁ® ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â Åõ¸£Å°½ºÅºÀÇ ºÏÂÊ¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú°í, ±× ÀϺδ ¾Èµ·
ȲÀÎÀÌ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. ¼³² ¾Æ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ¿ì¼öÇÑ ¹®È°¡ ÁøÈÇÑ °áÁ¤Àû ¿äÀÎÀº Á¾Á·°ú ±âÈÄ¿´´Ù. ¾Èµå Á·¼ÓÀº À§´ëÇÑ ¹ÎÁ·À̾úÀ¸³ª,
±×µé ¹®¸íÀÇ °úÁ¤¿¡ °áÁ¤Àû ¿äÀÎÀº À̶õ¤ýÅõ¸£Å°½ºÅº¤ý½ÅÀåÀÌ ´õ¿í °ÇÁ¶ÇØÁø °ÍÀ̾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ÀÚ²Ù ¸Þ¸»¶ó °¡´Â ±×µéÀÇ
¶¥¿¡¼ »ý°è¸¦ ÀÕ´Â »õ·Ó°í Áøº¸µÈ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¹ß¸íÇÏ°í äÅÃÇϵµ·Ï °¿äÇß´Ù.
| At the opening
of the Andite era there were only two extensive and fertile open
hunting areas in all the world. One was in North America and was
overspread by the Amerinds; the other was to the north of Turkestan
and was partly occupied by an Andonic-yellow race. The decisive
factors in the evolution of a superior culture in southwestern Asia
were race and climate. The Andites were a great people, but the
crucial factor in determining the course of their civilization was
the increasing aridity of Iran, Turkestan, and Sinkiang, which forced
them to invent and adopt new and advanced methods of wresting a
livelihood from their decreasingly fertile lands. | |
81:6.5 (907.2)
¿©·¯ ´ë·úÀÇ ÁöÇü, ±×¸®°í ´Þ¸® ¶¥ÀÌ ¹èÄ¡µÈ »óȲÀº Æòȳª ÀüÀïÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ Å©°Ô ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÃÆ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ »ç¶÷
Áß¿¡ ±Ø¼Ò¼ö°¡, ºÏ ¾Æ¸Þ¸®Ä«ÀÇ Á¾Á·µéÀÌ ´©·Á ¿Ô´ø °Í °°ÀÌ °è¼ÓÇÏ¿© ¹æÇعÞÁö ¾Ê°í ¹ßÀüÇÒ À¯¸®ÇÑ ±âȸ¸¦ ´©·È´Ù¡ª±×µéÀº
³ÐÀº ´ë¾ç(ÓÞåÇ) ¶§¹®¿¡ ½ÇÁö·Î »ç¹æ¿¡¼ º¸È£¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
| The configuration
of continents and other land-arrangement situations are very influential
in determining peace or war. Very few Urantians have ever had such
a favorable opportunity for continuous and unmolested development
as has been enjoyed by the peoples of North America-protected on
practically all sides by vast oceans. | |
81:6.6 (907.3)
2. ÀÚº»Àç. ¹®È´Â °áÄÚ ºó°ïÇÑ Á¶°Ç ¹Ø¿¡¼ ¹ß´ÞÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ¿©°¡´Â ¹®¸íÀÇ Áøº¸¿¡ ÇʼöÀÌ´Ù. µµ´öÀû¤ý¿µÀû °¡Ä¡°¡
ÀÖ´Â °³ÀÎÀÇ ÀÎÇ°Àº ¹°ÁúÀû ºÎ(Ý£)°¡ ¾ø´Â °¡¿îµ¥ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¹®È¸¦ °¡Áø ¹®¸íÀº ¿À·ÎÁö, Æ÷ºÎ¿Í ´õºÒ¾î ¿©°¡¸¦
Çã¶ôÇÏ´Â ¹°ÁúÀû ¹ø¿µÀÌ ÀÖ´Â Á¶°Ç¿¡¼¸¸ »ý±ä´Ù.
| 2. Capital
goods. Culture is never developed under conditions of poverty; leisure
is essential to the progress of civilization. Individual character
of moral and spiritual value may be acquired in the absence of material
wealth, but a cultural civilization is only derived from those conditions
of material prosperity which foster leisure combined with ambition.
| |
81:6.7 (907.4)
¿ø½Ã ½Ã´ëÀÇ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼, ÀλýÀº ½É°¢ÇÏ°í ÁøÁöÇÑ ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í Àηù°¡ °Ç°¿¡ ÁÁÀº ¿´ë ±âÈĸ¦ ÇâÇÏ¿© Ç×»ó ¶°´Ù´Ï´Â
¼ºÇâÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´ø °ÍÀº ²÷ÀÓ¾ø´Â ÅõÀï°ú ±×ħ ¾ø´Â ¼ö°í¸¦ ÇÇÇÏ·Á´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀÌ µûµíÇÑ °ÅÁÖ Áö´ë´Â ±Ø½ÉÇÑ »ýÁ¸ ÅõÀïÀ»
¹þ¾î³ª ¾ó¸¶Å ÇѼû µ¹¸®°Ô ÇßÁö¸¸, ÀÌ·¸°Ô Æí¾ÈÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÑ Á¾Á·°ú ºÎÁ·µéÀº ÇǶ¡ Èê·Á ¹úÁö ¾ÊÀº ¿©°¡¸¦ ¹®¸íÀÇ Áøº¸¸¦
À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ µå¹°¾ú´Ù. ¸Ó¸®¸¦ ½á¼ ¼ö°íÇÔÀ¸·Î ³ë·ÂÀ» ÁÙÀÌ°í, ³ëµ¿ Àϼö(ìíâ¦)¸¦ ÁÙÀÓÀ¸·Î ¶¥À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý°è¸¦
¾ò´Â °ÍÀ» ¹è¿ì°í, ±×ó·³ Àß ¹ú¾îµéÀÌ°í À¯ÀÍÇÑ ¿©°¡¸¦ ´©¸± ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´ø Á¾Á·µéÀÇ »ý°¢°ú °èȹÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ, º¯ÇÔ¾øÀÌ »çȸÀÇ
Áøº¸°¡ »ý°å´Ù.
| During primitive
times life on Urantia was a serious and sober business. And it was
to escape this incessant struggle and interminable toil that mankind
constantly tended to drift toward the salubrious climate of the
tropics. While these warmer zones of habitation afforded some remission
from the intense struggle for existence, the races and tribes who
thus sought ease seldom utilized their unearned leisure for the
advancement of civilization. Social progress has invariably come
from the thoughts and plans of those races that have, by their intelligent
toil, learned how to wrest a living from the land with lessened
effort and shortened days of labor and thus have been able to enjoy
a well-earned and profitable margin of leisure. | |
81:6.8 (907.5)
3. °úÇÐ Áö½Ä. ¹®¸íÀÇ ¹°ÁúÀû ¸éÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã °úÇÐÀû ÀÚ·á°¡ ½×À̱⸦ ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. È°°ú È»ìÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ°í µ¿·ÂÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î
µ¿¹°À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ µÚ¿¡, »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷°ú ¹°ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ¹è¿ì±â±îÁö ¿À·£ ¼¼¿ùÀÌ °É·ÈÀ¸¸ç, Áõ±â(ñúѨ)¿Í Àü±âÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀÌ µÚµû¶ú´Ù.
Á÷¹° Â¥±â¿Í µµ±â, µ¿¹° ±æµéÀ̱â, ±Ý¼Ó °¡°ø µÚ¿¡´Â, ±ÛÀ» ¾²°í ÀμâÇÏ´Â ½Ã´ë°¡ µû¶ú´Ù.
| 3. Scientific
knowledge. The material aspects of civilization must always await
the accumulation of scientific data. It was a long time after the
discovery of the bow and arrow and the utilization of animals for
power purposes before man learned how to harness wind and water,
to be followed by the employment of steam and electricity. But slowly
the tools of civilization improved. Weaving, pottery, the domestication
of animals, and metalworking were followed by an age of writing
and printing. | |
81:6.9 (907.6)
Áö½ÄÀº ÈûÀÌ´Ù. ¹ß¸íÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã ¼¼°èÀû ±Ô¸ð·Î ¹®ÈÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀÌ °¡¼ÓµÇ´Â °Íº¸´Ù ¾Õ¼ °£´Ù. °úÇаú ¹ß¸íÀº ¹«¾ùº¸´Ùµµ Àμâ±â·ÎºÎÅÍ
ÀÌÀÍÀ» º¸¾Ò°í, ÀÌ ¸ðµç ¹®È È°µ¿°ú ¹ß¸í È°µ¿ÀÇ »óÈ£ ÀÛ¿ëÀº ¹®È°¡ Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â ¼Óµµ¸¦ ¾öû³ª°Ô ºü¸£°Ô ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
| Knowledge
is power. Invention always precedes the acceleration of cultural
development on a world-wide scale. Science and invention benefited
most of all from the printing press, and the interaction of all
these cultural and inventive activities has enormously accelerated
the rate of cultural advancement. | |
81:6.10 (907.7)
°úÇÐÀº »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¼öÇÐÀ̶ó´Â »õ ¾ð¾îÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡¸ç, ¾ö¹ÐÇÑ ¼±À» µû¶ó¼ »ç¶÷ÀÇ »ý°¢À» ÈƷýÃŲ´Ù. °úÇÐÀº ¶ÇÇÑ
¿À·ù¸¦ ¾ø¾ÚÀ¸·Î öÇÐÀ» ¾ÈÁ¤½ÃÅ°¸ç, ÇÑÆí ¹Ì½ÅÀ» ¾ø¾ÚÀ¸·Î Á¾±³¸¦ ±ú²ýÇÏ°Ô ÇÑ´Ù.
| Science teaches
man to speak the new language of mathematics and trains his thoughts
along lines of exacting precision. And science also stabilizes philosophy
through the elimination of error, while it purifies religion by
the destruction of superstition. | |
81:6.11 (907.8) 4. Àΰ£ ÀÚ¿ø. ³ëµ¿·ÂÀº ¹®¸íÀ» Æ۶߸®´Â µ¥ ÇʼöÀÌ´Ù. ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ Á¶°ÇÀÌ °°´Ù¸é, ¼ö°¡ ¸¹Àº ¹ÎÁ·Àº ¼ö°¡ ÀûÀº Á¾Á·À» Áö¹èÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ Àα¸¸¦ ¾î´À ¼±±îÁö ´ÃÀÌÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¿î¸íÀÌ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ½ÇÇöµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·Áö¸¸, °è¼ÓµÈ ¼ºÀåÀÌ ÀÚ»ìÀÌ µÇ´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ Àα¸ Áõ°¡ÀÇ ÇÑ°è°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¤»ó Àα¸ ¹ÐµµÀÇ[2] ÀûÁ¤ ¼öÁØÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼ Àα¸°¡ Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº »ýÈ° ¼öÁØÀÇ Ç϶ôÀ» ÃÊ·¡Çϰųª, ¾Æ´Ï¸é Æòȷοî ħÅõ³ª ±º»çÀû Á¤º¹, °ð °Á¦ Á¡·ÉÀ¸·Î ¿µÅäÀÇ °æ°è°¡ Áï½Ã È®ÀåµÊÀ» ¶æÇÑ´Ù. °¢ÁÖ[2] Á¤»ó Àα¸ ¹Ðµµ : ¿©±â¼ man-land ratio ´Â ÅäÁö ¸éÀû´ç Àα¸¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. | 4. Human resources.
Man power is indispensable to the spread of civilization. All things
equal, a numerous people will dominate the civilization of a smaller
race. Hence failure to increase in numbers up to a certain point
prevents the full realization of national destiny, but there comes
a point in population increase where further growth is suicidal.
Multiplication of numbers beyond the optimum of the normal man-land
ratio means either a lowering of the standards of living or an immediate
expansion of territorial boundaries by peaceful penetration or by
military conquest, forcible occupation. | |
81:6.12 (908.1)
³ÊÈñ´Â ¶§¶§·Î ÀüÀïÀÇ ÂüÈ¿¡ Ãæ°ÝÀ» ¹ÞÁö¸¸, »çȸ¿Í µµ´öÀÌ ¹ßÀüÇÏ´Â ÃæºÐÇÑ ±âȸ¸¦ ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁÖ±â À§ÇÏ¿© Å« ¹«¸®ÀÇ ÇÊ»çÀÚ¸¦
»ý»êÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÔÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. Ç༺¿¡¼ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹ø½Ä°ú ´õºÒ¾î °ð Àα¸ÀÇ °úÀ×À̶ó´Â ½É°¢ÇÑ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀϾÙ.
»ç¶÷ÀÌ »ç´Â ¼¼°èµéÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀº ÀÛ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ´Â Æò±ÕÀ̸ç, ¾Æ¸¶ Å©±â°¡ Á» ÀÛ´Ù. ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ Àα¸°¡ ÀûÁ¤ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ ¾ÈÁ¤µÇ´Â
°ÍÀº ¹®È¸¦ Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°°í ÀüÀïÀ» ¸·´Â´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¼ºÀåÀ» ±×Ä¥ ¶§¸¦ ¾Æ´Â ³ª¶ó´Â Çö¸íÇÑ ³ª¶óÀÌ´Ù.
| You are sometimes
shocked at the ravages of war, but you should recognize the necessity
for producing large numbers of mortals so as to afford ample opportunity
for social and moral development; with such planetary fertility
there soon occurs the serious problem of overpopulation. Most of
the inhabited worlds are small. Urantia is average, perhaps a trifle
undersized. The optimum stabilization of national population enhances
culture and prevents war. And it is a wise nation which knows when
to cease growing. | |
81:6.13 (908.2)
±×·¯³ª ÁöÇÏ ÀÚ¿øÀÌ °¡Àå dzºÎÇÑ ´ë·ú°ú °¡Àå ¾Õ¼± ±â°è Àåºñ°¡ À־ ±× ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ Áö´ÉÀÌ ¼èÅðÇÑ´Ù¸é, °ÅÀÇ Áøº¸ÇÏÁö
¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. Áö½ÄÀº ±³À°À¸·Î ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ÁöÇý´Â ÂüµÈ ¹®È¿¡ ÇʼöÀ̸ç, ¿À·ÎÁö °æÇèÀ» ÅëÇؼ, ³¯ ¶§ºÎÅÍ ÃѸíÇÑ
³²³àµéÀÌ ÁöÇý¸¦ È®º¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹ÎÁ·Àº üÇèÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹è¿ï ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ÂüÀ¸·Î ÁöÇý·Ó°Ô µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.
| But the continent
richest in natural deposits and the most advanced mechanical equipment
will make little progress if the intelligence of its people is on
the decline. Knowledge can be had by education, but wisdom, which
is indispensable to true culture, can be secured only through experience
and by men and women who are innately intelligent. Such a people
are able to learn from experience; they may become truly wise. | |
81:6.14 (908.3)
5. ¹°Áú ÀÚ¿øÀÇ È¿À²¼º. ¸¹Àº °ÍÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬ ÀÚ¿ø, °úÇÐ Áö½Ä, ÀÚº»Àç, Àΰ£ÀÇ ÀáÀ缺À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶Å
ÁöÇý¸¦ º¸À̴°¡¿¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù. Ãʱ⠹®¸í¿¡¼ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¿äÀÎÀº »çȸÀÇ ÁöÇý·Î¿î ±ºÁÖ°¡ Çà»çÇÏ´Â ¼¼·ÂÀ̾ú´Ù. ¿ø½ÃÀÎÀº °°Àº
½Ã´ëÀÇ ¿ì¼öÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±ÛÀÚ ±×´ë·Î ±×¿¡°Ô ¶°¸Ã±ä ¹®¸íÀ» °¡Á³´Ù. Àß Á¶Á÷µÇ°í ¿ì¼öÇÑ ¼Ò¼ö(á³â¦)°¡ ´ëü·Î ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ»
´Ù½º·Á ¿Ô´Ù.
| 5. Effectiveness
of material resources. Much depends on the wisdom displayed in the
utilization of natural resources, scientific knowledge, capital
goods, and human potentials. The chief factor in early civilization
was the force exerted by wise social masters; primitive man had
civilization literally thrust upon him by his superior contemporaries.
Well-organized and superior minorities have largely ruled this world.
| |
81:6.15 (908.4)
ÈûÀÌ ¹«¾ùÀ» Á¤´çÈÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÁö¸¸, ÈûÀº ¹«¾ùÀÌ Áö±Ý Á¸ÀçÇÏ°í ¿ª»ç¿¡¼ ¹«½¼ ÀÏÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Â°¡¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ´Â °Ü¿ì
¿äÁò¿¡¾ß Èû°ú Á¤ÀÇ(ïáëù)ÀÇ À±¸®¸¦ ±â²¨ÀÌ ³íÀÇÇÏ·Á´Â Á¡±îÁö »çȸ°¡ µµ´ÞÇß´Ù.
| Might does
not make right, but might does make what is and what has been in
history. Only recently has Urantia reached that point where society
is willing to debate the ethics of might and right. | |
81:6.16 (908.5)
6. ¾ð¾îÀÇ È¿À²¼º. ¹®¸íÀÇ º¸±ÞÀº ¾ð¾î°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª±â¸¦ ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. »ì¾Æ ÀÖ°í ¼ºÀåÇÏ´Â ¾ð¾î´Â ¹®¸íÈµÈ »ý°¢°ú °èȹÀÇ
ÆØâÀ» º¸ÀåÇÑ´Ù. Ãʱ⠽ÃÀý¿¡ Áß¿äÇÑ Áøº¸´Â ¾ð¾î¿¡¼ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯, ¹ßÀüÇÏ´Â »ý°¢ÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÀ» ¼ö¿ùÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé±â
À§Çؼ, ¾ð¾îÀÇ °è¼ÓµÈ ¹ßÀüÀÌ Å©°Ô ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
| 6. Effectiveness
of language. The spread of civilization must wait upon language.
Live and growing languages insure the expansion of civilized thinking
and planning. During the early ages import!ant advances were made
in language. Today, there is great need for further linguistic development
to facilitate the expression! of evolving thought. | |
81:6.17 (908.6)
¾ð¾î´Â Áý´ÜÀÇ ±³Á¦·ÎºÎÅÍ ÁøÈÇß°í, °¢ Áö¿ª Áý´ÜÀº Àǻ縦 ¼ÒÅëÇÏ´Â ÀÚüÀÇ Ã¼°è¸¦ °³¹ßÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾ð¾î´Â ¼ÕÁþ¤ýǥ¡,
¿ÜÄ¡´Â ¼Ò¸®¿Í Èä³»³»´Â ¼Ò¸®, ¾ï¾ç, ±×¸®°í ÈÄÀÏÀÇ ¾ËÆĺªÀ» ¼Ò¸®³»´Â µ¥ ºÙ´Â ¾Ç¼¾Æ®¸¦ ÅëÇؼ ¼ºÀåÇß´Ù. ¾ð¾î´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ
°¡Áø °¡Àå Å©°í °¡Àå ¾µ¸ð ÀÖ´Â, »ý°¢¿¡ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¿¬ÀåÀÌÁö¸¸, ¾ð¾î´Â »çȸ Áý´ÜµéÀÌ ¾ó¸¶Å ¿©°¡¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¶§±îÁö °áÄÚ
¹ø¼ºÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¸»À» °¡Áö°í ³ë´Â ¼ºÇâÀº »õ·Î¿î ³¹¸»¡ª¼Ó¾î¡ª¸¦ °³¹ßÇÑ´Ù. ´ë´Ù¼ö°¡ ±× ¼Ó¾î¸¦ äÅÃÇϸé, °ü½ÀÀº ±×
¼Ó¾î°¡ ¾ð¾î°¡ µÇ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ÇÑ °¡Á· Áý´Ü¿¡¼ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¡°¾Æ±â ¸»Åõ¡±¿¡ ºüÁö´Â °ÍÀº Áö¹æ »çÅõ¸®ÀÇ ±â¿øÀ» ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù.
| Language evolved
out of group associations, each local group developing its own system
of word exchange. Language grew up through gestures, signs, cries,
imitative sounds, intonation, and accent to the vocalization of
subsequent alphabets. Language is man's greatest and most serviceable
thinking tool, but it never flourished until social groups acquired
some leisure. The tendency to play with language develops new words-slang.
If the majority adopt the slang, then usage constitutes it language.
The origin of dialects is illustrated by the indulgence in "baby
talk" in a family group. | |
81:6.18 (908.7)
¾ð¾î°¡ ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀº Æòȸ¦ ¿¬Àå½ÃÅ°´Â µ¥ Ç×»ó Å« À庮À̾ú´Ù. Áö¹æ »çÅõ¸®¸¦ Á¤º¹ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÇÑ ¹ÎÁ· Àüü¿¡, ÇÑ ´ë·ú¿¡¼,
¶Ç´Â Àü ¼¼°è¿¡ ÇÑ ¹®È¸¦ º¸±ÞÇÏ´Â °Íº¸´Ù ¾Õ¼¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. º¸ÆíÀû ¾ð¾î´Â Æòȸ¦ ÃËÁøÇÏ°í ¹®È¸¦ º¸ÀåÇϸç ÇູÀ» ÁõÁøÇÑ´Ù.
ÇÑ ¼¼»óÀÇ ¾ð¾î°¡ ¸î °³·Î ÁÙ¾îµé ¶§Á¶Â÷µµ, ÁÖµµÇÏ´Â ¹®È ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÌ ÀÌ ¾ð¾îµéÀ» Åë´ÞÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¼¼°èÀÇ ÆòÈ(øÁûú)¿Í
¹ø¿µÀ» ÀÌ·èÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¸·°ÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù.
| Language differences
have ever been the great barrier to the extension of peace. The
conquest of dialects must precede the spread of a culture throughout
a race, over a continent, or to a whole world. A universal language
promotes peace, insures culture, and augments happiness. Even when
the tongues of a world are reduced to a few, the mastery of these
by the leading cultural peoples mightily influences the achievement
of world-wide peace and prosperity. | |
81:6.19 (908.8)
±¹Á¦¾îÀÇ °³¹ßÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ Áøº¸°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø¾ú¾îµµ, ±¹Á¦ »ó¾÷ ±³·ùÀÇ È®¸³Àº ¸¹Àº ¾÷ÀûÀ» ½×¾Ò´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾ð¾î¤ý¹«¿ª¤ý¿¹¼ú¤ý°úÇÐ,
°æÀï ³îÀÌ, ¶Ç´Â Á¾±³¿Í °ü·ÃµÇ´Â°¡¿¡ »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ, ÀÌ ¸ðµç ±¹Á¦ °ü°è°¡ À°¼ºµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| While very
little progress has been made on Urantia toward developing an international
language, much has been accomplished by the establishment of international
commercial exchange. And all these international relations should
be fostered, whether they involve language, trade, art, science,
competitive play, or religion. | |
81:6.20 (909.1)
7. ±â°è ÀåÄ¡ÀÇ È¿À²¼º. ¹®¸íÀÇ Áøº¸´Â ¿¬Àå, ±â°è ¹× ºÐ¹è °æ·ÎÀÇ ¹ß´Þ°ú ¼ÒÀ¯¿Í Á÷Á¢ °ü°èµÈ´Ù. °³·®µÈ ¿¬Àå,
Á¤±³ÇÏ°í È¿À² ÀÖ´Â ±â°èµéÀº Áøº¸ÇÏ´Â ¹®¸íÀÇ ¹«´ë¿¡¼ ¼·Î ´ÙÅõ´Â Áý´ÜµéÀÇ »ýÁ¸À» Á¿ìÇÑ´Ù.
| 7. Effectiveness
of mechanical devices. The progress of civilization is directly
related to the development and possession of tools, machines, and
channels of distribution. Improved tools, ingenious and efficient
machines, determine the survival of contending groups in the arena
of advancing civilization. | |
81:6.21 (909.2)
Ãʱ⠽ÃÀý¿¡ ¶¥À» °¡´Â µ¥ Àû¿ëµÈ À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¿¡³ÊÁö´Â ³ëµ¿·ÂÀ̾ú´Ù. »ç¶÷À» ¾²Áö ¾Ê°í Ȳ¼Ò·Î ´ë½ÅÇÑ °ÍÀº, »ç¶÷À» ÀÏÀÚ¸®¿¡¼
³»ÂѾұ⠶§¹®¿¡, ¿À·¡ °É¸° ½Î¿òÀ̾ú´Ù. ³ªÁß¿¡´Â ±â°è°¡ »ç¶÷À» ´ëüÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹ßÀüÀº ¸ðÁ¶¸® »çȸÀÇ Áøº¸¿¡
Á÷Á¢ À̹ÙÁöÇߴµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ±×°ÍÀÌ ´õ °¡Ä¡ ÀÖ´Â °úÁ¦¸¦ ¼ºÃëÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ³ëµ¿·ÂÀ» ÇعæÇϱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
| In the early
days the only energy applied to land cultivation was man power.
It was a long struggle to substitute oxen for men since this threw
men out of employment. Latterly, machines have begun to displace
men, and every such advance is directly contributory to the progress
of society because it liberates man power for the accomplishment
of more valuable tasks. | |
81:6.22 (909.3)
ÁöÇý·Ó°Ô »ç¿ëÇϸé, °úÇÐÀº »ç¶÷À» »çȸÀûÀ¸·Î ÇعæÇÏ´Â Å« ¼ö´ÜÀÌ µÉÁö ¸ð¸¥´Ù. ³ëµ¿À» Àý¾àÇÏ´Â »õ Á¾·ùÀÇ ±â°è°¡ ³Ê¹«
»¡¸® ¹ß¸íµÇ´Â °á°ú·Î¼ Å« Áý´ÜÀÌ °©ÀÚ±â ÀÏÀÚ¸®¸¦ ÀÒ°Ô µÇ¾î ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÁöÀû ¼öÁØÀÌ ³Ê¹« ³·¾Æ¼ ±×·±
°úµµ±â ¹®Á¦¿¡ ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ÀûÀÀÇÏ´Â ÁöÇý·Î¿î ¹æ¹ý°ú °ÇÀüÇÒ ±â¼úÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø´Â ³ª¶ó¿¡°Ô¸¸, ±â°è ½Ã´ë°¡ Àç³À¸·Î
ÆǸíµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| Science, guided
by wisdom, may become man's great social liberator. A mechanical
age can prove disastrous only to a nation whose intellectual level
is too low to discover those wise methods and sound techniques for
successfully adjusting to the transition difficulties arising from
the sudden loss of employment by large numbers consequent upon the
too rapid invention of new types of laborsaving machinery. | |
81:6.23 (909.4)
8. ȶºÒ Áå ÀÚµéÀÇ ÀÎÇ°. »çȸÀÇ À¯»êÀº »ç¶÷À¸·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý, ¸ÕÀú ÀÖ¾ú°í ¹®È¿Í Áö½ÄÀÇ ÃÑÇÕ¿¡ ¹«¾ùÀÌ¶óµµ À̹ÙÁöÇÑ
¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾î±ú À§¿¡ ¼³ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ¹®ÈÀÇ È¶ºÒÀ» ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼´ë¿¡ ³Ñ°ÜÁÖ´Â ÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷¿¡¼ °¡Á¤Àº ´Ã ±âÃÊ Á¦µµ°¡
µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³îÀÌ¿Í »çȸ »ýÈ°ÀÌ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¿À¸ç, ¸¶Áö¸·ÀÌÁö¸¸, º¹ÀâÇÏ°í »ó´çÈ÷ Á¶Á÷µÈ »çȸ¿¡¼ ¶È°°ÀÌ ÇʼöÀÎ Çб³°¡
µÚµû¸¥´Ù.
| 8. Character
of torchbearers. Social inheritance enables man to stand on the
shoulders of all who have preceded him, and who have contributed
aught to the sum of culture and knowledge. In this work of passing
on the cultural torch to the next generation, the home will ever
be the basic institution. The play and social life comes next, with
the school last but equally indispensable in a complex and highly
organized society. | |
81:6.24 (909.5)
°ïÃæÀº ÀÏ»ýÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ±³À°¹Þ°í Àåºñ¸¦ °®Ãá ä·Î ž١ªÁ¤¸»·Î ¾ÆÁÖ Á¼°í ¼øÀüÈ÷ º»´ÉÀû Á¸ÀçÀÌ´Ù. Àΰ£ÀÇ
¾Æ±â´Â ±³À° ¾øÀÌ Å¾Ù. µû¶ó¼ »ç¶÷Àº ¾î¸° ¼¼´ë¸¦ ±³À°ÇÏ´Â ÈƷÿ¡ °í»ß¸¦ ÁçÀ¸·Î, ¹®¸íÀÌ ÁøÈÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤À» Å©°Ô
¼öÁ¤ÇÒ ÈûÀ» ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÑ´Ù.
| Insects are
born fully educated and equipped for life¡ªindeed, a very narrow
and purely instinctive existence. The human baby is born without
an education; therefore man possesses the power, by controlling
the educational training of the younger generation, greatly to modify
the evolutionary course of civilization. | |
81:6.25 (909.6)
¹®¸íÀÇ ÁõÁø°ú ¹®ÈÀÇ ÀüÁø¿¡ À̹ÙÁöÇÏ´Â 20¼¼±â ÃÖ´ëÀÇ ¿µÇâ·ÂÀº, ¼¼°è ¿©ÇàÀÇ µÎµå·¯Áø Áõ°¡¿Í Åë½Å ¹æ¹ýÀÇ Àü·Ê ¾ø´ø
°³¼±ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±³À°ÀÇ °³¼±Àº È®´ëµÇ´Â »çȸ ±¸Á¶¿Í ¹ß°ÉÀ½À» ¸ÂÃßÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. À±¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çö´ëÀÇ ÀÌÇصµ ´õ ¼øÀüÈ÷
ÁöÀûÀÌ°í °úÇÐÀûÀÎ ³ë¼±À» µû¸¥ ¼ºÀå¿¡ ¸ÂÃß¾î ¹ßÀüÇÏÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×¸®°í Çö´ë ¹®¸íÀº ¿µÀû ¹ßÀü°ú °¡Á¤ Á¦µµÀÇ º¸È£
¸é¿¡¼ °ÉÀ½À» ¸ØÃá »óÅ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
| The greatest
twentieth-century influences contributing to the furtherance of
civilization and the advancement of culture are the marked increase
in world travel and the unparalleled improvements in methods of
communication. But the improvement in education has not kept pace
with the expanding social structure; neither has the modern appreciation
of ethics developed in correspondence with growth along more purely
intellectual and scientific lines. And modern civilization is at
a standstill in spiritual development and the safeguarding of the
home institution. | |
81:6.26 (909.7)
9. Á¾Á·ÀÇ ÀÌ»ó. ÇÑ ¼¼´ëÀÇ ÀÌ»ó(×âßÌ)Àº ¹Ù·Î µÚÀÕ´Â Èļ¼¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ¿î¸íÀÇ °æ·Î¸¦ °³Ã´ÇÑ´Ù. »çȸ¿¡¼ ȶºÒÀ» Áå
ÀÚµéÀÇ Ç°ÁúÀº ¹®¸íÀÌ ÀüÁøÇϴ°¡ ÈÄÅðÇϴ°¡¸¦ Á¿ìÇÑ´Ù. ÇÑ ¼¼´ëÀÇ °¡Á¤¤ý±³È¸¤ýÇб³´Â µÚÀÕ´Â ¼¼´ëÀÇ ÀΰÝÀÇ °æÇâÀ» ¹Ì¸®
Á¤ÇØ ÁØ´Ù. ÇÑ Á¾Á·À̳ª ³ª¶ó°¡ µµ´öÀû¤ý¿µÀûÀ¸·Î ¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â ÈûÀº ±× ¹®¸í¿¡¼ ¹®ÈÀÇ ¼Óµµ¸¦ ´ëü·Î °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù.
| 9. The racial
ideals. The ideals of one generation carve out the channels of destiny
for immediate posterity. The quality of the social torchbearers
will determine whether civilization goes forward or backward. The
homes, churches, and schools of one generation predetermine the
character trend of the succeeding generation. The moral and spiritual
momentum of a race or a nation largely determines the cultural velocity
of that civilization. | |
81:6.27 (909.8)
ÀÌ»óÀº »çȸÀû È帧ÀÇ ±Ù¿øÀ» ³ôÀδÙ. ±×¸®°í ¾î¶² È帧µµ, ¾Ð·ÂÀ̳ª ¹æÇâÀ» ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¹«½¼ ±â¼úÀÌ ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ,
±× ±Ù¿øº¸´Ù Á¶±Ýµµ ´õ ³ôÀÌ ¿Ã¶ó°¡Áö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹®È°¡ ÀÖ´Â ¹®¸íÀÇ °¡Àå ¹°ÁúÀû ¸éÀ» ÃßÁøÇÏ´Â ÈûÁ¶Â÷ »çȸÀÇ ¼ºÃë
Áß¿¡¼ ¹°Áú ¼ºÇâÀÌ °¡Àå ÀûÀº °÷¿¡ °ÅÇÑ´Ù. Áö´ÉÀº ¹®¸íÀÇ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ°í, ÁöÇý´Â À̸¦ ÁöÈÖÇÒÁö ¸ð¸£Áö¸¸, ¿µÀû
ÀÌ»óÀ» ã´Â °ÍÀº ÇÑ ´Þ¼º ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½ ¼öÁرîÁö Àΰ£ÀÇ ¹®È¸¦ Á¤¸»·Î ³ôÀÌ°í ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ³ª¾Æ°¡°Ô ÇÏ´Â ¿¡³ÊÁöÀÌ´Ù.
| Ideals elevate
the source of the social stream. And no stream will rise any higher
than its source no matter what technique of pressure or directional
control may be employed. The driving power of even the most material
aspects of a cultural civilization is resident in the least material
of society's achievements. Intelligence may control the mechanism
of civilization, wisdom may direct it, but spiritual idealism is
the energy which really uplifts and advances human culture from
one level of attainment to another. | |
81:6.28 (910.1)
óÀ½¿¡, ÀλýÀº Á¸ÀçÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ½Î¿òÀ̾ú´Ù. ÀλýÀº ÀÌÁ¦ »ýÈ° ¼öÁØÀ» ³ôÀ̱â À§ÇÑ ½Î¿òÀ̸ç, ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â »ý°¢ÀÇ ÁúÀ» ³ôÀÌ´Â
½Î¿òÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀÌ¿ä, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ¾ÕÀ¸·Î ¶¥¿¡¼ Àΰ£ÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ¸ñÇ¥ÀÌ´Ù.
| At first life
was a struggle for existence; now, for a standard of living; next
it will be for quality of thinking, the coming earthly goal of human
existence. | |
81:6.29 (910.2)
10. Àü¹®°¡ÀÇ Á¶Á¤. Ãʱ⿡ ³ëµ¿ÀÇ ºÐ¾÷À¸·Î, ³ªÁß¿¡´Â ±×¿¡ µû¶ó Àü¹®ÈÇÑ °á°ú·Î ¹®¸íÀº ¾öû³ª°Ô Áøº¸µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹®¸íÀº
ÀÌÁ¦ Àü¹®°¡µéÀ» È¿°ú ÀÖ°Ô Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù. »çȸ°¡ È®´ëµÊ¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ´Ù¾çÇÑ Àü¹®°¡µéÀ» ÇÔ²² ¸ðÀ¸´Â ¾î¶² ¹æ¹ýÀ»
¹ß°ßÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| 10. Co-ordination
of specialists. Civilization has been enormously advanced by the
early division of labor and by its later corollary of specialization.
Civilization is now dependent on the effective co-ordination of
specialists. As society expands, some method of drawing together
the various specialists must be found. | |
81:6.30 (910.3)
»çȸ¤ý¿¹¼ú¤ý±â¼ú¤ý»ê¾÷ÀÇ Àü¹®°¡´Â ÁÙ°ð ´Ã¾î³ª°í, ±â¼ú°ú ¼÷´Þ ¸é¿¡¼ ³ª¾ÆÁú °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ·¸°Ô ´É·ÂÀÌ ´Ù¾çȵǰí Á÷¾÷ÀÌ
»óÀÌÇÑ °ÍÀº, Á¶Á¤ÇÏ°í Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â È¿°úÀû ¼ö´ÜÀÌ °³¹ßµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é, ±Ã±Ø¿¡ Àΰ£ »çȸ¸¦ ¾àȽÃÅ°°í ¹«³ÊÁö°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ±×·¯ÇÑ Ã¢ÀǼº°ú Àü¹®È ´É·ÂÀ» °¡Áø Áö´ÉÀº, ¹ß¸íÀÌ ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ¼ºÀåÇÏ°í ¹®È ÆØâÀÇ °ÉÀ½ÀÌ »¡¶óÁüÀ¸·Î »ý±â´Â ¸ðµç
¹®Á¦¸¦ ÅëÁ¦ÇÏ°í Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â Àû´çÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀ» °í¾ÈÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î À¯´ÉÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
| Social, artistic,
technical, and industrial specialists will continue to multiply
and increase in skill and dexterity. And this diversification of
ability and dissimilarity of employment will eventually weaken and
disintegrate human society if effective means of co-ordination and
co-operation are not developed. But the intelligence which is capable
of such inventiveness and such specialization should be wholly competent
to devise adequate methods of control and adjustment for all problems
resulting from the rapid growth of invention and the accelerated
pace of cultural expansion. | |
81:6.31 (910.4)
11. ÀÏÀÚ¸®¸¦ ã´Â ¹æÃ¥. »çȸÀÇ ¹ßÀü¿¡¼ ´ÙÀ½ ½Ã´ë´Â, Ç×»ó ´Ã¾î³ª°í È®´ëµÇ´Â Àü¹®È¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ´õ ³´°Ô, ´õ È¿°ú
ÀÖ´Â Çùµ¿°ú Á¶Á¤¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³ëµ¿ÀÌ ´õ¿í ´Ù¾çȵʿ¡ µû¶ó¼, °³ÀÎÀ» Àû´çÇÑ ÀÏÀÚ¸®·Î ÁöµµÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² ±â¼úÀÌ
°í¾ÈµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¹®¸íÈµÈ ¹ÎÁ·µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼, ±â°è´Â ½Ç¾÷(ã÷åö)À» ³º´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¿øÀÎÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. °æÁ¦ÀÇ º¹À⼺,
±×¸®°í »ê¾÷ ¹× Á÷¾÷ÀÇ Àü¹®È°¡ ²ÙÁØÈ÷ Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ³ëµ¿ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÀÏÀÚ¸® ã¾ÆÁÖ´Â ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´õ¿í ¾î·Æ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù.
| 11. Place-finding
devices. The next age of social development will be embodied in
a better and more effective co-operation and co-ordination of ever-increasing
and expanding specialization. And as labor more and more diversifies,
some technique for directing individuals to suitable employment
must be devised. Machinery is not the only cause for unemployment
among the civilized peoples of Urantia. Economic complexity and
the steady increase of industrial and professional specialism add
to the problems of labor placement. | |
81:6.32 (910.5)
»ç¶÷À» ÀÏÇϵµ·Ï ÈÆ·ÃÇÏ´Â °Í¸¸À¸·Î ³Ë³ËÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Ù. º¹ÀâÇÑ »çȸ¿¡¼´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÏÀÚ¸®¸¦ ã´Â È¿°úÀû ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¸¶·ÃµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
»ý°è¸¦ ÀÕ´Â »ó´çÈ÷ Ư¼öÈµÈ ±â¼úÀ» ½Ã¹Î¿¡°Ô ÈƷýÃÅ°±â Àü¿¡, Àü¹®ÈµÈ ÀÏ¿¡¼ Àá½Ã ÀÏÀÚ¸®¸¦ ÀÒ¾úÀ» ¶§ ÀÌ¿ëµÉ ¼ö
ÀÖ´Â, Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ º¸Åë ³ëµ¿¤ý»ó¾÷, ¶Ç´Â Á÷Á¾¿¡¼ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¶² ¹®¸íµµ Å« ½Ç¾÷ÀÚ °è±ÞÀ» ¿À·§µ¿¾È Áö´Ï°í¼
»ì¾Æ³²À» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ª¸é, ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎÁ¶Â÷ °ø°ø(ÍëÍì) ±Ý°í·ÎºÎÅÍ Áö¿øÀ» ¹ÞÀ½À¸·Î ºñ¶Ô¾îÁö°í »ç±â(ÞÍѨ)¸¦
ÀÒ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î º£Çª´Â ÀÚ¼±Á¶Â÷, ÆÈ´Ù¸®°¡ ¸ÖÂÄÇÑ ½Ã¹Î¿¡°Ô ¿À·¡ º£Ç®¾úÀ» ¶§ Çص¶ÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
| It is not
enough to train men for work; in a complex society there must also
be provided efficient methods of place finding. Before training
citizens in the highly specialized techniques of earning a living,
they should be trained in one or more methods of commonplace labor,
trades or callings which could be utilized when they were transiently
unemployed in their specialized work. No civilization can survive
the long-time harboring of large classes of unemployed. In time,
even the best of citizens will become distorted and demoralized
by accepting support from the public treasury. Even private charity
becomes pernicious when long extended to able-bodied citizens. | |
81:6.33 (910.6)
°íµµ·Î Àü¹®ÈµÈ ±×·± »çȸ´Â ¿¾ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ ¿À·¡ µÈ °øµ¿Ã¼ ¹× ºÀ°ÇÀû °ü½ÀÀ» ´Þ°©°Ô ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¸¹Àº º¸Åë
¼ºñ½º°¡ ¼ö±àÇÒ ¸¸ÇÏ°Ô, ÀÌ·Ó°Ô »çÈ¸ÈµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ Âü¸»ÀÌÁö¸¸, ÃѸíÇÏ°Ô Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² ±â¼ú·Î, »ó´çÈ÷ ÈƷùްí
±Øµµ·Î Àü¹®ÈµÈ Àΰ£µéÀ» ÃÖ¼±À¸·Î °ü¸®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. Çö´ëÈµÈ Á¶Á¤°ú ¿ìÈ£Àû ±ÔÁ¦´Â, ´õ ³°Àº ¿ø½Ã °ø»êÁÖÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀ̳ª
¹«·Â(ÙëÕô)¿¡ ±âÃʸ¦ µÎ°í µ¶Àç·Î ±ÔÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ±â±¸º¸´Ù ´õ ¿À·¡ °¡´Â Çùµ¿À» ³ºÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
| Such a highly
specialized society will not take kindly to the ancient communal
and feudal practices of olden peoples. True, many common services
can be acceptably and profitably socialized, but highly trained
and ultraspecialized human beings can best be managed by some technique
of intelligent co-operation. Modernized co-ordination and fraternal
regulation will be productive of longer-lived co-operation than
will the older and more primitive methods of communism or dictatorial
regulative institutions based on force. | |
81:6.34 (910.7)
12. ±â²¨ÀÌ Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â Á¤½Å. Àΰ£ »çȸÀÇ Áøº¸¿¡ ÇϳªÀÇ Å« Àå¾Ö¹°Àº Å©°í »çÈ¸ÈµÈ Àΰ£ Áý´Ü, ±×¸®°í ±×º¸´Ù ÀÛ°í
¹Ý´ë »ý°¢À» °¡Áø ´Üü, Áï ¹Ý»çȸÀû »ý°¢À» °¡Áø °³º° Àΰ£Àº ¸»ÇÒ °Íµµ ¾ø°í, ÀηùÀÇ ¹Ý»çȸÀû ´Üü, ÀÌ µÑÀÇ ÀÌÀÍ°ú
º¹Áö »çÀÌ¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ½Î¿òÀÌ´Ù.
| 12. The willingness
to co-operate. One of the great hindrances to the progress of human
society is the conflict between the interests and welfare of the
larger, more socialized human groups and of the smaller, contrary-minded
asocial associations of mankind, not to mention antisocially-minded
single individuals. | |
81:6.35 (910.8)
±³À° ¹æ¹ý°ú Á¾±³Àû ÀÌ»óÀÌ, ³ôÀº Á¾·ùÀÇ ÃѸíÇÑ ¾Ö±¹½É°ú ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çå½ÅÀ» ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é, ¾î¶² ±¹°¡ÀÇ ¹®¸íµµ
¿À·¡ °¡Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ·± ºÎ·ùÀÇ ÃѸíÇÑ ¾Ö±¹½É°ú ¹®ÈÀû ´Ü°áÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é, ¸ðµç ±¹°¡°¡ Áö¹æÀû ÁúÅõ¿Í Áö¿ªÀÇ ÀÚü À̱ÇÀÇ
°á°ú·Î¼, ¹«³ÊÁö´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
| No national
civilization long endures unless its educational methods and religious
ideals inspire a high type of intelligent patriotism and national
devotion. Without this sort of intelligent patriotism and cultural
solidarity, all nations tend to disintegrate as a result of provincial
jealousies and local self-interests. | |
81:6.36 (911.1)
¼¼°èÀû ¹®¸íÀ» À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ÆòÈ¿Í Ä£±³ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÔ²² »ç´Â°¡¸¦ ¹è¿ì´Â »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù. È¿°úÀû Á¶Á¤ÀÌ
¾øÀÌ, »ê¾÷ ¹®¸íÀº Áö³ªÄ£ Àü¹®ÈÀÇ À§Çè, Áï ´ÜÁ¶·Î¿ò°ú ÆíÇù, ±×¸®°í ºÒ½Å°ú ÁúÅõ¸¦ ±â¸£´Â ¼ºÇâÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© À§Å·ӰÔ
µÈ´Ù.
| The maintenance
of world-wide civilization is dependent on human beings learning
how to live together in peace and fraternity. Without effective
co-ordination, industrial civilization is jeopardized by the dangers
of ultraspecialization: monotony, narrowness, and the tendency to
breed distrust and jealousy. | |
81:6.37 (911.2)
13. È¿°úÀûÀÌ°í ÁöÇý·Î¿î ÁöµµÃþ. ¹®¸í¿¡´Â ¸¹Àº °Í, Çã´ÙÇÑ °ÍÀÌ, ¿½ÉÈ÷ È¿°ú ÀÖ°Ô ÁüÀ» ²ø¾î´ç±â´Â Á¤½Å¿¡ ´Þ·Á
ÀÖ´Ù. Å« ÁüÀ» µå´Â µ¥ ¿ »ç¶÷Àº, ÇÔ²²¡ª¸ðµÎ°¡ °°Àº ¼ø°£¿¡¡ªµéÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é, ÇÑ »ç¶÷º¸´Ù ³ªÀ» °ÍÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ
´Üü ÀÛ¾÷¡ª»çȸÀû Çùµ¿¡ªÀº ÁöµµÃþ¿¡ ´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Ù. Áö³³¯°ú ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ ¹®ÈÀû ¹®¸íÀº, ½Ã¹ÎÀÌ ÁöÇý·Î¿î ÁøÃëÀû ÁöµµÀÚµé°ú
¿µ¸®ÇÏ°Ô Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ±âÃʸ¦ µÎ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´õ ³ôÀº ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î ÁøÈÇϱâ±îÁö, ¹®¸íÀº ÁöÇý·Ó°í È°·Â ÀÖ´Â ÁöµµÃþ¿¡
°è¼Ó ÀÇÁ¸ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
| 13. Effective
and wise leadership. In civilization much, very much, depends on
an enthusiastic and effective load-pulling spirit. Ten men are of
little more value than one in lifting a great load unless they lift
together-all at the same moment. And such teamwork-social co-operation-is
dependent on leadership. The cultural civilizations of the past
and the present have been based upon the intelligent co-operation
of the citizenry with wise and progressive leaders; and until man
evolves to higher levels, civilization will continue to be dependent
on wise and vigorous leadership. | |
81:6.38 (911.3)
³ôÀº ¹®¸íÀº ¹°ÁúÀû ºÎ(Ý£), ÁöÀû À§´ëÇÔ, µµ´öÀû °¡Ä¡, »çȸÀû ÀçÄ¡, ¿ìÁÖ ÅëÂû·Â, ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °ÍµéÀ» Çö¸íÇÏ°Ô »ó°ü½ÃÅ´À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
žÙ.
| High civilizations
are born of the sagacious correlation of material wealth, intellectual
greatness, moral worth, social cleverness, and cosmic insight. | |
81:6.39 (911.4)
14. »çȸÀÇ º¯È. »çȸ´Â ½ÅÀÌ ÁØ Á¦µµ°¡ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. »çȸ´Â Á¡ÁøÀûÀ¸·Î ÁøÈÇÏ´Â Çö»óÀÌ´Ù. ÁöµµÀÚµéÀÌ ±× ½Ã´ëÀÇ °úÇÐÀÇ
¹ßÀü°ú ¹ß°ÉÀ½À» ¸ÂÃß´Â µ¥ ÇʼöÀÎ »çȸ Á¶Á÷ÀÇ º¯È¸¦ ´õµð°Ô ÀÏÀ¸Å³ ¶§, ÀüÁøÇÏ´Â ¹®¸íÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã ´Ê¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ðµç
°Í ¶§¹®¿¡, ¿À·¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯¸¸À¸·Î »ç¹°À» ¾÷½Å¿©°Ü¼´Â ¾È µÇ¸ç, ÇÑ °³³äÀ» ´Ù¸¸ Áø±âÇÏ°í »õ·Ó´Ù´Â ÀÌÀ¯·Î ¹«Á¶°Ç
äÅÃÇؼµµ ¾È µÈ´Ù.
| 14. Social
changes. S ociety is not a divine institution; it is a phenomenon
of progressive evolution; and advancing civilization is always delayed
when its leaders are slow in making those changes in the social
organization which are essential to keeping pace with the scientific
developments of the age. For all that, things must not be despised
just because they are old, neither should an idea be unconditionally
embraced just because it is novel and new. | |
81:6.40 (911.5)
»ç¶÷Àº »çȸÀÇ ÀåÄ¡¸¦ °¡Áö°í ½ÇÇèÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» µÎ·Á¿öÇÏÁö ¸»¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¹®ÈÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¸ðÇèÀº ¹Ýµå½Ã,
»çȸ ÁøÈÀÇ ¿ª»ç¸¦ ÃæºÐÈ÷ Åë´ÞÇÑ ÀÚµéÀÇ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °³ÇõÀÚµéÀº °í·ÁÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â »çȸ ½ÇÇèÀ̳ª °æÁ¦ ½ÇÇèÀÇ
ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ½ÇÁö·Î üÇèÀ» °¡Áø ÀÚµéÀÇ ÁöÇý¸¦ ¹Ýµå½Ã ÂüÁ¶ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¾î¶² Å« »çȸÀÇ º¯È³ª °æÁ¦ÀÇ º¯Èµµ °©Àڱ⠽õµÇؼ´Â
¾È µÈ´Ù. ¿Â°® Á¾·ùÀÇ Àΰ£Àû Á¶Á¤¡ª¹°¸®Àû¤ý»çȸÀû, ¶Ç´Â °æÁ¦Àû Á¶Á¤¡ª¿¡´Â ½Ã°£ÀÌ ÇʼöÀÌ´Ù. ¿À·ÎÁö µµ´öÀû¤ý¿µÀû Á¶Á¤ÀÌ
¼ø°£¿¡ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖ°í, À̰͵éÁ¶Â÷ ±× ¹°ÁúÀû¤ý»çȸÀû ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¥ ½Ã°£ÀÇ È帧ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. ¹®¸íÀÌ
ÇÑ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ ´Ù¸¥ ¼öÁØÀ¸·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡´Â Áß´ëÇÑ ½Ã±â¿¡, ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ÀÌ»ó(ìµßÌ)Àº ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ÁöÁö¿Í È®½ÅÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
| Man should
be unafraid to experiment with the mechanisms of society. But always
should these adventures in cultural adjustment be controlled by
those who are fully conversant with the history of social evolution;
and always should these innovators be counseled by the wisdom of
those who have had practical experience in the domains of contemplated
social or economic experiment. No great social or economic change
should be attempted suddenly. Time is essential to all types of
human adjustment-physical, social, or economic. Only moral and spiritual
adjustments can be made on the spur of the moment, and even these
require the passing of time for the full outworking of their material
and social repercussions. The ideals of the race are the chief support
and assurance during the critical times when civilization is in
transit from one level to another. | |
81:6.41 (911.6)
15. °úµµ±â ºØ±«ÀÇ ¿¹¹æ. »çȸ´Â ¿À·£ ¼¼¿ù¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ½ÃÇà Âø¿À·Î ¾òÀº »ê¹°ÀÌ´Ù. »çȸ´Â µ¿¹° ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ Ç༺ ÁöÀ§¸¦
°¡Áø Àΰ£ ¼öÁرîÁö Àηù°¡ ¿À·£ ¼¼¿ù¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ¿¬¼ÓµÈ ´Ü°è¸¦ ¿Ã¶ó°¨À¸·Î ¼±ÅÃÇؼ Á¶Á¤ÇÏ°í, °Åµì Á¶Á¤ÇÏ¿© »ì¾Æ³²Àº °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
¾î¶² ¹®¸í¿¡¼µµ¡ª¾î´À ÇÑ ¼ø°£¿¡µµ¡ª°¡Àå Å« À§ÇèÀº °ú°ÅÀÇ Á¤ÂøµÈ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »õ·Ó°í ´õ ³´Áö¸¸ ½Ç½ÀÇØ º¸Áö ¾ÊÀº ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ
°úÁ¤À¸·Î ³Ñ¾î°¡´Â ½Ã±â¿¡, ºØ±«µÇ´Â À§ÇùÀÌ´Ù.
| 15. The prevention
of transitional breakdown. Society is the offspring of age upon
age of trial and error; it is what survived the selective adjustments
and readjustments in the successive stages of mankind's agelong
rise from animal to human levels of planetary status. The great
danger to any civilization-at any one moment-is the threat of breakdown
during the time of transition from the established methods of the
past to those new and better, but untried, procedures of the future. | |
81:6.42 (911.7)
ÁöµµÃþÀº Áøº¸¸¦ Á¿ìÇÑ´Ù. ÁöÇý¤ýÅëÂû·Â¤ý¼±°ßÀº ±¹°¡°¡ Áö¼ÓÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÇʼöÀÌ´Ù. À¯´ÉÇÑ ÁöµµÃþÀÌ ºñ·Î¼Ò »ç¶óÁú ¶§±îÁö
¹®¸íÀº °áÄÚ Á¤¸»·Î À§Å·ÓÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ÁöÇý·Î¿î ÁöµµÀÚÀÇ ¼ö´Â °áÄÚ Àα¸ÀÇ 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¸¦ ³ÑÀº ÀûÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
| Leadership
is vital to progress. Wisdom, insight, and foresight are indispensable
to the endurance of nations. Civilization is never really jeopardized
until able leadership begins to vanish. And the quantity of such
wise leadership has never exceeded one per cent of the population.
| |
81:6.43 (911.8)
¹®¸íÀº ÁøÈÀÇ »ç´Ù¸®¿¡¼ ÀÌ °¡·Î´ë¸¦ µó°í, ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ÆØâÇÏ´Â 20¼¼±âÀÇ ¹®È¸¦ ³ºÀº ÈûÂù ¿µÇâ·ÂÀÌ °³½ÃµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â
ÀÚ¸®¿¡±îÁö ¿Ã¶ó°¬´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¿À·ÎÁö ÀÌ ÇʼöÀÎ °Íµé¿¡ ÁýÂøÇÔÀ¸·Î, »ç¶÷Àº ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ ¹®¸íÀÌ °è¼Ó ¹ßÀüÇÏ°í È®½ÇÈ÷ »ì¾Æ³²µµ·Ï
¸¶·ÃÇϸé¼, ±× ¹®¸íÀ» À¯ÁöÇϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶ö ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| And it was
by these rungs on the evolutionary ladder that civilization climbed
to that place where those mighty influences could be initiated which
have culminated in the rapidly expanding culture of the twentieth
century. And only by adherence to these essentials can man hope
to maintain his present-day civilizations while providing for their
continued development and certain survival. | |
81:6.44 (912.1)
ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´ã ½ÃÀý ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¹®¸íÀ» ¼¼¿ì·Á°í ¼¼»óÀÇ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÌ °ÞÀº, ±æ°í ±ä ÅõÀïÀÇ ¿äÁ¡ÀÌ´Ù. ¿À´Ã³¯ÀÇ ¹®È´Â ÀÌ ¹÷Âù
ÁøÈ¿¡¼ »ý±ä ÃÖÁ¾ÀÇ °á°úÀÌ´Ù. ÀμⰡ ¹ß°ßµÇ±â Àü¿¡´Â Áøº¸°¡ ºñ±³Àû ´À·È´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â ÇÑ ¼¼´ë°¡ ¾Õ ¼¼´ëµéÀÇ ¾÷ÀûÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ
±×·¸°Ô »¡¸® À̵æÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ¾ø¾ú±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌÁ¦ Àΰ£ »çȸ´Â ¹®¸íÀÌ ÅõÀïÇØ ¿Â, Áö±Ý±îÁöÀÇ ¼¼¿ù µ¿¾È¿¡
ÃàÀûµÈ ¿©¼¼(æ®á§)ÀÇ ÈûÀ¸·Î, ¾ÕÀ¸·Î µ¹ÁøÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
| This is the
gist of the long, long struggle of the peoples of earth to establish
civilization since the age of Adam. Present-day culture is the net
result of this strenuous evolution. Before the discovery of printing,
progress was relatively slow since one generation could not so rapidly
benefit from the achievements of its predecessors. But now human
society is plunging forward under the force of the accumulated momentum
of all the ages through which civilization has struggled. | |
81:6.45 (912.2)
[³×¹Ùµ·ÀÇ ÇÑ Ãµ»çÀåÀÌ ÈÄ¿øÇÏ¿´´Ù.]
| [Sponsored
by an Archangel of Nebadon.] |