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10. ¹üÁË ´Ù·ç±â 11. ±º´ëÀÇ Áغñ »óÅ 12. ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ³ª¶ó |
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72 Æí ÀÌ¿ô Ç༺¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Á¤ºÎ | Paper 72
| |
72:0.1 (808.1)
¶ó³ªÆ÷ÁöÀÇ Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°í, ¿¡µ§½Ã¾Æ ÃÖ°íÀÚµéÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¼, »çŸ´Ï¾Æ ü°è¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ°í ±×¸® ¸ÖÁö ¾ÊÀº ¾î´À Ç༺¿¡¼
»ç´Â Àηù, °¡Àå Áøº¸µÈ ÀηùÀÇ »çȸ, µµ´ö ¹× Á¤Ä¡ »ýÈ°¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ³ª´Â ¾ó¸¶Å À̾߱âÇÒ Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
| By permission
of Lanaforge and with the approval of the Most Highs of Edentia,
I am authorized to narrate something of the social, moral, and political
life of the most advanced human race living on a not far-distant
planet belonging to the Satania system. | |
72:0.2 (808.2)
·ç½ÃÆÛ ¹Ý¶õ¿¡ Âü¿©Ç߱⠶§¹®¿¡ °í¸³µÈ »çŸ´Ï¾ÆÀÇ ¸ðµç ¼¼°è Áß¿¡¼, ÀÌ Ç༺Àº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿Í ¸Å¿ì ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¿ª»ç¸¦ °ÅÃÆ´Ù.
µÎ ±¸Ã¼ÀÇ ºñ½ÁÇÑ Á¡Àº ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ, ¾î°¼ ÀÌ Æ¯º° ¹ßÇ¥°¡ Àΰ¡µÇ¾ú´Â°¡ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ü°è ÅëÄ¡ÀÚµéÀÌ
ÇÑ Ç༺¿¡¼, ´Ù¸¥ Ç༺ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» À̾߱âÇÏ´Â µ¥ Âù¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾ÆÁÖ µå¹® ÀÏÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
| Of all the
Satania worlds which became isolated because of participation in
the Lucifer rebellion, this planet has experienced a history most
like that of Urantia. The similarity of the two spheres undoubtedly
explains why permission to make this extraordinary presentation
was granted, for it is most unusual for the system rulers to consent
to the narration on one planet of the affairs of another. | |
72:0.3 (808.3)
À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æó·³ ÀÌ Ç༺Àº, ·ç½ÃÆÛ ¹Ý¶õ°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ±× Ç༺ ¿µÁÖ°¡ ºÒÃæÇÔÀ¸·Î À߸øµÈ ±æ¿¡ µé¾î¼¹´Ù. ½ÉÆÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ ±×
ÇÊ»ç ¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô ÇÑ ¹øµµ ¼ö¿©µÈ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ¾Æ´ãÀÌ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ ¿Â µÚ¿¡ °ð, ±× Ç༺Àº ÇÑ ¹°Áú ¾ÆµéÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í,
ÀÌ ¾Æµéµµ Á÷¹«¸¦ ÀÌÇàÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿© ±× ±¸Ã¼°¡ °í¸³µÇ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
| This planet,
like Urantia, was led astray by the disloyalty of its Planetary
Prince in connection with the Lucifer rebellion. It received a Material
Son shortly after Adam came to Urantia, and this Son also defaulted,
leaving the sphere isolated, since a Magisterial Son has never been
bestowed upon its mortal races. |
72:1.1 (808.4) Ç༺¿¡ ÀÌ ¸ðµç Àå¾Ö°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥µµ, ¾ÆÁÖ ¿ì¼öÇÑ ¹®¸íÀÌ ´ëü·Î ¿À½ºÆ®¶ö¸®¾Æ Å©±âÀÇ °í¸³µÈ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ¹ßÀüµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ Àα¸´Â ¾à 1¾ï4õ¸¸ÀÌ´Ù. °Å±â¿¡ »ç´Â ¹ÎÁ·Àº È¥ÇÕµÈ Á¾Á·ÀÌ°í, ÁַΠûÀΰú ȲÀÎÀ̸ç, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ À̸¥¹Ù ¹éÀÎÁ¾º¸´Ù Á¶±Ý ´õ º¸¶óÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÌ ³ô´Ù. ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Á¾Á·µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ ¼·Î ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¼¯ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, ¾ÆÁÖ ÈíÁ·ÇÏ°Ô »ç±Í°í Ä£±³ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ Æò±Õ ¼ö¸íÀº ÀÌÁ¦ 90³âÀ̸ç, ±× Ç༺¿¡¼ »ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¾î´À ¹ÎÁ·º¸´Ùµµ 15ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡ ±æ´Ù. | 1. The Continental Nation Notwithstanding all these planetary handicaps a very superior civilization is evolving on an isolated continent about the size of Australia. This nation numbers about 140 million. Its people are a mixed race, predominantly blue and yellow, having a slightly greater proportion of violet than the so-called white race of Urantia. These different races are not yet fully blended, but they fraternize and socialize very acceptably. The average length of life on this continent is now ninety years, fifteen per cent higher than that of any other people on the planet. | |
72:1.2 (808.5)
ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ »ê¾÷ ±â±¸´Â ±× ´ë·úÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ÁöÇü(ò¢û¡)À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â ¾î¶² Å« ÀÌÁ¡À» ´©¸°´Ù. 1³â¿¡ 8°³¿ù µ¿¾È ºñ°¡
¸¹ÀÌ ³»¸®´Â ³ôÀº »êµéÀº ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ ÇÑ°¡¿îµ¥¿¡ ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ¹èÄ¡´Â ¼ö·Â(â©Õô)ÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀ» À¯¸®ÇÏ°Ô
¸¸µé°í, ±× ´ë·úÀÇ °ÇÁ¶ÇÑ ¼ÂÊ 4ºÐÀÇ 1¿¡ ¹° ´ë´Â °ÍÀ» Å©°Ô ¼ö¿ùÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù.
| The industrial
mechanism of this nation enjoys a certain great advantage derived
from the unique topography of the continent. The high mountains,
on which heavy rains fall eight months in the year, are situated
at the very center of the country. This natural arrangement favors
the utilization of water power and greatly facilitates the irrigation
of the more arid western quarter of the continent. | |
72:1.3 (808.6)
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÚ±Þ ÀÚÁ·ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù½Ã ¸»Çؼ µÑ·¯½Ñ ³ª¶óµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¼öÀÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í¼ ¾ðÁ¦±îÁö³ª »ì ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÁöÇÏ
ÀÚ¿øÀº ÃæºÐÇϸç, °úÇÐ ±â¼ú·Î ±×µéÀº »ýÈ° ÇʼöÇ°ÀÇ ºÎÁ·À» ¾î¶»°Ô ¸Þ¿ì´Â°¡ ¹è¿ü´Ù. ±¹³» »ó¾÷Àº È°¹ßÇÏÁö¸¸, Àڱ⺸´Ù
´ú Áøº¸µÈ ÀÌ¿ôµéÀÌ µÎ·ç Àû°³½ÉÀ» °¡Á³±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °ÅÀÇ ¿Ü±¹°ú ¹«¿ªÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
| These people
are self-sustaining, that is, they can live indefinitely without
importing anything from the surrounding nations. Their natural resources
are replete, and by scientific techniques they have learned how
to compensate for their deficiencies in the essentials of life.
They enjoy a brisk domestic commerce but have little foreign trade
owing to the universal hostility of their less progressive neighbors.
| |
72:1.4 (808.7)
ÀÌ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡´Â, ´ëü·Î ±× Ç༺ÀÇ ÁøÈ Ãß¼¼¸¦ µû¶ú´Ù. ºÎÁ· ´Ü°è·ÎºÎÅÍ °·ÂÇÑ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ¿Í ¿ÕµéÀÌ µîÀåÇϱâ±îÁö ¹ßÀüÇÏ´Â
µ¥ ¸îõ ³âÀÌ °É·È´Ù. ¿©·¯ ´Ù¸¥ üÁ¦ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ°¡ Àý´ë ±ÇÇÑÀ» °¡Áø ±ºÁÖµéÀ» À̾î¹Þ¾Ò´Ù¡ªÀ¯»êµÈ °øȱ¹°ú °øµ¿Ã¼ ±¹°¡,
±×¸®°í µ¶ÀçÀÚµéÀÌ ³¡¾øÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ¿À°í°¬´Ù. ÀÌ ¼ºÀåÀº ¾à 5¹é ³â Àü±îÁö °è¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, ±×¶§ Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀ¸·Î ½Ã²ô·¯¿î ±â°£¿¡,
±× ³ª¶óÀÇ °·ÂÇÑ ¼¼ ±Ç·ÂÀÚÀÎ ÁýÁ¤°üµé °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª°¡ ¸¶À½À» °íÃĸԾú´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚµé Áß¿¡ Çϳª, °ð ³ª¸ÓÁö µÑ
°¡¿îµ¥ ´õ ³·Àº ÀÚµµ ±Ç·ÂÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ºñ¿î´Ù´Â Á¶°ÇÀ¸·Î ±×°¡ ¾çÀ§ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ÀÚûÇß´Ù. ÀÌó·³ ±× ´ë·úÀÇ ÅëÄ¡±ÇÀÌ ÇÑ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚÀÇ
¼Õ¿¡ Áã¾îÁ³´Ù. ±× ÅëÇÕµÈ ±¹°¡´Â 1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï °·ÂÇÑ ±ºÁÖ Á¤Ä¡ ¹Ø¿¡¼ Áøº¸Çß°í, ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯ ÇåÀåÀÌ
ÁøÈÇÏ¿´´Ù.
| This continental
nation, in general, followed the evolutionary trend of the planet:
The development from the tribal stage to the appearance of strong
rulers and kings occupied thousands of years. The unconditional
monarchs were succeeded by many different orders of government-abortive
republics, communal states, and dictators came and went in endless
profusion. This growth continued until about five hundred years
ago when, during a politically fermenting period, one of the nation's
powerful dictator-triumvirs had a change of heart. He volunteered
to abdicate upon condition that one of the other rulers, the baser
of the remaining two, also vacate his dictatorship. Thus was the
sovereignty of the continent placed in the hands of one ruler. The
unified state progressed under strong monarchial rule for over one
hundred years, during which there evolved a masterful charter of
liberty. | |
72:1.5 (809.1)
±× µÚ¿¡ ±ºÁÖÁ¦·ÎºÎÅÍ ´ëÀÇÁ¤Ä¡ ÇüÅ·Π³Ñ¾î °¡´Â °ÍÀº Â÷Ãû ÀϾ°í, ÀÓ±ÝÀº °Ü¿ì »çȸÀûÀ̳ª °¨»óÀûÀÎ, À̸§ »ÓÀÎ
¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®·Î ³²¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ³²ÀÚ ÈļÕÀÇ ¾¾°¡ ¸»¶úÀ» ¶§ ¸¶Ä§³» »ç¶óÁ® ¹ö·È´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀÖ´Â °øȱ¹Àº ²À 2¹é ³â µ¿¾È Á¸ÀçÇØ
¿Ô´Âµ¥, ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ À̾߱âÇÏ·Á´Â Á¤Ä¡ ±â¹ýÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© ÁÙ°ð Áøº¸°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í »ê¾÷°ú Á¤Ä¡ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ
¹ßÀüÀÌ Áö³ 10³â µ¿¾È¿¡ ÀϾ´Ù.
| The subsequent
transition from monarchy to a representative form of government
was gradual, the kings remaining as mere social or sentimental figureheads,
finally disappearing when the male line of descent ran out. The
present republic has now been in existence just two hundred years,
during which time there has been a continuous progression toward
the governmental techniques about to be narrated, the last developments
in industrial and political realms having been made within the past
decade. |
72:2.1 (809.2) ÀÌ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ´ëÀÇ(ÓÛì¡) Á¦µµÀÇ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÀÖ°í, ³ª¶óÀÇ ¼¿ïÀº Á߽ɿ¡ ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áß¾Ó Á¤ºÎ´Â ºñ±³Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î 1¹é ÁÖ(ñ¶)·Î µÈ °·ÂÇÑ ¿¬¹æÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ÁÖ´Â ÁÖÁö»ç¿Í ÀÔ¹ý°¡¸¦ »Ì°í ÀÓ±â´Â 10³âÀ̸ç, ¾Æ¹«µµ Àç¼±µÉ ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÁÖÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº ÁÖÁö»ç·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¾½ÅÀ¸·Î ÀÓ¸í¹Þ°í ÀÔ¹ýºÎÀÇ È®ÀÎÀ» ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ ÀÔ¹ýºÎ´Â ½Ã¹Î 10¸¸ ¸í¿¡ ÇÑ ¸í¾¿ »ÌÀº ´ëÇ¥µé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. | 2. Political Organization This continental nation now has a representative government with a centrally located national capital. The central government consists of a strong federation of one hundred comparatively free states. These states elect their governors and legislators for ten years, and none are eligible for re-election. State judges are appointed for life by the governors and confirmed by their legislatures, which consist of one representative for each one hundred thousand citizens. | |
72:2.2 (809.3)
µµ½ÃÀÇ Å©±â¿¡ µû¶ó µµ½Ã Á¤ºÎ¿¡´Â ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾î´À µµ½Ãµµ 1¹é¸¸ÀÌ ³Ñ°Ô °ÅÁÖÀÚ¸¦ °¡Áö´Â °ÍÀÌ
Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Àüü·Î º¸¾Æ¼, ÀÌ µµ½Ã¸¦ ´Ù½º¸®´Â °èȹÀº ¾ÆÁÖ °£´ÜÇÏ°í, Á÷Á¢ÀÌ°í °æÁ¦ÀûÀÌ´Ù. °¡Àå ³ôÀº ºÎ·ùÀÇ
½Ã¹ÎµéÀÌ µµ½Ã ÇàÁ¤ÀÇ ¸î °¡Áö °øÁ÷À» Ä¡¿ÇÏ°Ô Ãß±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
| There are five
different types of metropolitan government, depending on the size
of the city, but no city is permitted to have more than one million
inhabitants. On the whole, these municipal governing schemes are
very simple, direct, and economical. The few offices of city administration
are keenly sought by the highest types of citizens. | |
72:2.3 (809.4)
¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â µ¿µîÇÑ ¼¼ ºÐ°ú, °ð ÇàÁ¤ºÎ¤ýÀÔ¹ýºÎ¤ý»ç¹ýºÎ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â Áö¿ªÀÇ º¸Åë ¼±°Å·Î 6³â¸¶´Ù
»Ì´Â´Ù. Àû¾îµµ ÁÖ ÀÔ¹ý°¡ 75¸íÀÌ Åº¿øÇÏ°í ±× ÁÖÀÇ ÁÖÁö»ç(ñ¶ò±ÞÀ)µéÀÌ Âù¼ºÇÒ °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ±×´Â ´Ù½Ã »ÌÈú
ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±×°Íµµ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ Àӱ⠻ÓÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ÀüÁ÷(îñòÅ) ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÃÊ¿ù ³»°¢ÀÇ
ÀÚ¹®À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
| The federal
government embraces three co-ordinate divisions: executive, legislative,
and judicial. The federal chief executive is elected every six years
by universal territorial suffrage. He is not eligible for re-election
except upon the petition of at least seventy-five state legislatures
concurred in by the respective state governors, and then but for
one term. He is advised by a supercabinet composed of all living
ex-chief executives. | |
72:2.4 (809.5)
ÀÔ¹ýºÎ´Â 3¿øÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù:
| The legislative
division embraces three houses: | |
72:2.5 (809.6)
1. »ó¿øÀº »ê¾÷¤ýÀü¹®Á÷¤ý³ó¾÷, ±×¸®°í ±âŸ Áý´ÜÀÇ ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÌ ¼±ÃâÇϸç, °æÁ¦ È°µ¿¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ÅõÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.
| 1. The upper
house is elected by industrial, professional, agricultural, and
other groups of workers, balloting in accordance with economic function.
| |
72:2.6 (809.7)
2. ÇÏ¿øÀº »ê¾÷À̳ª Àü¹®Á÷¿¡ µé¾î°¡Áö ¾Ê´Â »çȸ¤ýÁ¤Ä¡¤ýöÇÐ Áý´ÜÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² »çȸ Á¶Á÷µéÀÌ »Ì´Â´Ù. Á¤»ó ÁöÀ§¸¦
°¡Áø ¸ðµç ½Ã¹ÎÀº µÎ °è±ÞÀÇ ´ëÇ¥µéÀ» ¼±ÃâÇÏ´Â µ¥ Âü¿©ÇÏÁö¸¸, ±× ¼±°Å°¡ »ó¿ø ¶Ç´Â ÇÏ¿ø¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â°¡¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ±×µéÀº
´Ù¸£°Ô ºÐ·ùµÈ´Ù.
| 2. The lower
house is elected by certain organizations of society embracing the
social, political, and philosophic groups not included in industry
or the professions. All citizens in good standing participate in
the election of both classes of representatives, but they are differently
grouped, depending on whether the election pertains to the upper
or lower house. | |
72:2.7 (809.8)
3. Á¦»ï¿ø¡ª¿¬·Î Á¤Ä¡°¡µé¡ªÀº ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô ¿À·¡ ºÀ»çÇÑ °íÂüµéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϸç, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ¿Í (¿¬¹æ ¹ØÀÇ) Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚµé,
ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®, ±×¸®°í ÀÔ¹ýÀ» ¸Ã´Â ´Ù¸¥ »óÇÏ¿øÀÇ ÇÑÂÊÀ» ÁÖ°üÇÏ´Â °ü¸®µéÀÌ Áö¸íÇÏ´Â, ¸¹Àº Ź¿ùÇÑ »ç¶÷À»
Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀº ¸¹¾Æ¾ß 1¹é ¸íÀ¸·Î Á¦ÇѵǾî ÀÖ°í, ±× ȸ¿øµéÀº ¿¬·Î Á¤Ä¡°¡µé ÀÚü¿¡¼ ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ °áÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó¼
»ÌÈù´Ù. ȸ¿ø ÀÚ°ÝÀº Á¾½Å(ðûãó)À̸ç, ºó ÀÚ¸®°¡ »ý±æ ¶§, Áö¸í¹ÞÀº ÀÚµéÀÇ ¸í´Ü¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ¹Þ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ
ÀÌ·¸°Ô °ø½ÄÀ¸·Î ¼±ÃâµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ÜüÀÇ ¹üÀ§´Â ¼øÀüÈ÷ ÀÚ¹®ÀÌÁö¸¸, ¿©·ÐÀ» ÈûÂ÷°Ô ±ÔÁ¦Çϸç, Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿Â°® ÁöºÎ¿¡ °·ÂÇÑ
¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù.
| 3. The third
house-the elder statesmen-embraces the veterans of civic service
and includes many distinguished persons nominated by the chief executive,
by the regional (subfederal) executives, by the chief of the supreme
tribunal, and by the presiding officers of either of the other legislative
houses. This group is limited to one hundred, and its members are
elected by the majority action of the elder statesmen themselves.
Membership is for life, and when vacancies occur, the person receiving
the largest ballot among the list of nominees is thereby duly elected.
The scope of this body is purely advisory, but it is a mighty regulator
of public opinion and exerts a powerful influence upon all branches
of the government. | |
72:2.8 (810.1)
¿¬¹æÀÇ ÇàÁ¤ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÇ »ó´ç ºÎºÐÀ» (¿¬¹æ ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Â) 10°³ Áö¿ª ´ç±¹ÀÌ ¼öÇàÇϸç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº °¢±â 10°³ ÁÖÀÇ °áÇÕÀ¸·Î
ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Áö¿ª ºÎ¼µéÀº ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ ÁýÇà ¹× °ü¸®¸¦ ¸ÃÀ¸¸ç, ÀÔ¹ýÀ̳ª »ç¹ý ±â´ÉÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. 10¸íÀÇ Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â
¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ°¡ Ä£È÷ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ ÀÚÀ̸ç, ±× ÀÓ±â´Â ±×ÀÇ ÀÓ±â¿Í °°´Ù¡ª6³âÀÌ´Ù. ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼҴ ÀÌ Áö¿ª ÇàÁ¤ÀÚ
10¸íÀÇ ÀÓ¸íÀ» ½ÂÀÎÇϸç, À̵éÀº ´Ù½Ã ÀÓ¸íµÇÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸, ÀºÅðÇÏ´Â ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ±× ÈÄ°èÀÚÀÇ µ¿·áÀÌÀÚ Á¶¾ðÀÚ°¡
µÈ´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ ÀÌ Áö¿ª ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®µéÀº ÇàÁ¤ °ü¸®µé·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÚ±âÀÇ ³»°¢À» °í¸¥´Ù.
| Very much of
the federal administrative work is carried on by the ten regional
(subfederal) authorities, each consisting of the association of
ten states. These regional divisions are wholly executive and administrative,
having neither legislative nor judicial functions. The ten regional
executives are the personal appointees of the federal chief executive,
and their term of office is concurrent with his-six years. The federal
supreme tribunal approves the appointment of these ten regional
executives, and while they may not be reappointed, the retiring
executive automatically becomes the associate and adviser of his
successor. Otherwise, these regional chiefs choose their own cabinets
of administrative officials. | |
72:2.9 (810.2)
ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â µÎ °¡Áö ÁÖ¿ä ¹ýÁ¤ ü°è¡ª¹ý ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿Í »çȸ °æÁ¦ ÀçÆǼҡªÀÇ ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¹ý ÀçÆǼҴ ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼
È°µ¿ÇÑ´Ù:
| This nation
is adjudicated by two major court systems-the law courts and the
socioeconomic courts. The law courts function on the following three
levels: | |
72:2.10 (810.3)
1. ¼Ò(á³)ÀçÆǼҴ ½Ã¿Í Áö¿ªÀ» °üÇÒÇϸç, ¼ÒÀçÆǼÒÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ³ôÀº ÁÖ(ñ¶) ÀçÆǼҿ¡ »ó¼ÒµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| 1. Minor courts
of municipal and local jurisdiction, whose decisions may be appealed
to the high state tribunals. | |
72:2.11 (810.4)
2. ÁÖ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ, ¶Ç´Â ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ±ÇÇÑÀ̳ª ÀÚÀ¯ÀÇ À§Çù¿¡ °ü·ÃµÇ´Â ¸ðµç ¹®Á¦¿¡¼ ÃÖÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù. Áö¿ª
ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ¾î´À »ç·Ê(ÞÀÖÇ)µµ ´ë¹ø¿¡ ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ ¹ý°üµé¿¡°Ô °¡Á®°¥ ±ÇÇÑÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
| 2. State supreme
courts, whose decisions are final in all matters not involving the
federal government or jeopardy of citizenship rights and liberties.
The regional executives are empowered to bring any case at once
to the bar of the federal supreme court. | |
72:2.12 (810.5)
3. ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼҡª±¹°¡ÀÇ ÁÖÀå, ±×¸®°í ÁÖ ÀçÆǼҷκÎÅÍ ¿Ã¶ó¿À´Â »ó¼Ò »ç·Ê¸¦ ÆÇ°áÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °íµî ÀçÆǼÒ. ÀÌ
ÃÖ°í ¹ýÁ¤Àº 40¼¼°¡ ³Ñ°í 75¼¼ ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ ³²ÀÚ 12¸íÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® Àִµ¥, ±×µéÀº ¾î´À ÁÖ ÀçÆǼҿ¡¼ 2³â ÀÌ»ó ºÀ»çÇÏ°í,
ÃÊ¿ù ³»°¢°ú ÀÔ¹ý ÁýȸÀÇ Á¦»ï¿ø¿¡¼ ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀڷκÎÅÍ ÀÌ ³ôÀº ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ÀÓ¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ÃÖ°í
»ç¹ý ±â°üÀº Àû¾îµµ 3ºÐÀÇ 2 ÅõÇ¥·Î °áÁ¤À» ³»¸°´Ù.
| 3. Federal
supreme court-the high tribunal for the adjudication of national
contentions and the appellate cases coming up from the state courts.
This supreme tribunal consists of twelve men over forty and under
seventy-five years of age who have served two or more years on some
state tribunal, and who have been appointed to this high position
by the chief executive with the majority approval of the supercabinet
and the third house of the legislative assembly. All decisions of
this supreme judicial body are by at least a two-thirds vote. | |
72:2.13 (810.6)
»çȸ °æÁ¦ ÀçÆǼҴ ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼ ºÎ¹®¿¡¼ È°µ¿ÇÑ´Ù:
| The socioeconomic
courts function in the following three divisions: | |
72:2.14 (810.7)
1. ºÎ¸ð ÀçÆǼÒ, °¡Á¤°ú »çȸ ü°èÀÇ ÀÔ¹ý ¹× ÇàÁ¤ ºÎ¼¿Í °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
| 1. Parental
courts, associated with the legislative and executive divisions
of the home and social system. | |
72:2.15 (810.8)
2. ±³À° ÀçÆǼҡªÁÖ ¹× Áö¿ª Çб³ ü°èµé°ú ¿¬°áµÇ°í, ±³À° ÇàÁ¤ ±â´ÉÀ» °¡Áø ÇàÁ¤ºÎ ¹× ÀÔ¹ýºÎ¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ »ç¹ý ±â°ü.
| 2. Educational
courts-the juridical bodies connected with the state and regional
school systems and associated with the executive and legislative
branches of the educational administrative mechanism. | |
72:2.16 (810.9)
3. »ê¾÷ ÀçÆǼҡª¸ðµç °æÁ¦Àû ¿ÀÇظ¦ ¸ÅµìÁþ´Â Àü±Ç(îïÏí)ÀÌ ¸Ã°ÜÁø »ç¹ý ÀçÆǼÒ.
| 3. Industrial
courts-the jurisdictional tribunals vested with full authority for
the settlement of all economic misunderstandings. | |
72:2.17 (810.10)
¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í ¹ýÁ¤Àº ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¼Â° ÀÔ¹ýºÎ, °ð ¿¬·Î Á¤Ä¡°¡ ȸÀÇ¿¡¼ 4ºÐÀÇ 3ÀÇ ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í,
»çȸ °æÁ¦Àû »ç·Ê¿¡ ÆÇ°áÀ» ³»¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ ºÎ¸ð¤ý±³À°¤ý»ê¾÷À» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â °íµî ¹ýÁ¤µéÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ¸ðµÎ ÃÖÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù.
| The federal
supreme court does not pass upon socioeconomic cases except upon
the three-quarters vote of the third legislative branch of the national
government, the house of elder statesmen. Otherwise, all decisions
of the parental, educational, and industrial high courts are final. |
72:3.1 (811.1) ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ °°Àº ÁöºØ ¹Ø¿¡¼ µÎ °¡Á·ÀÌ »ç´Â °ÍÀº ¹ý¿¡ ¾î±ß³´Ù. Áý´Ü °ÅÁÖ°¡ ºÒ¹ýÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸´Ï±î, ¾ÆÆÄÆ® Á¾·ùÀÇ °Ç¹°Àº ´ëºÎºÐ Æı«µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °áÈ¥ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÚµéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Ŭ·´¤ýÈ£ÅÚ, ±×¸®°í ±âŸ Áý´Ü °Åó¿¡¼ »ê´Ù. Çã¿ëµÇ´Â °¡Àå ÀÛÀº ÁýÅÍ´Â 4645 Æò¹æ ¹ÌÅÍÀÇ ¶¥À» ¸¶·ÃÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÁýÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸ðµç ÅäÁö¿Í ±âŸ Àç»êÀº, ÃÖ¼Ò ÁýÅÍ ÇÒ´çÀÇ 10¹è±îÁö ¼¼±Ý(áªÑÑ)ÀÌ ¸éÁ¦µÈ´Ù. | 3. The Home Life On this continent it is against the law for two families to live under the same roof. And since group dwellings have been outlawed, most of the tenement type of buildings have been demolished. But the unmarried still live in clubs, hotels, and other group dwellings. The smallest homesite permitted must provide fifty thousand square feet of land. All land and other property used for home purposes are free from taxation up to ten times the minimum homesite allotment. | |
72:3.2 (811.2)
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ °¡Á¤ »ýÈ°Àº Áö³ 1¼¼±â µ¿¾È Å©°Ô °³¼±µÇ¾ú´Ù. ºÎ¸ð, ¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¾î¸Ó´Ï ¸ðµÎ°¡, ¾Æµ¿ÀÇ ±³¾çÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡´Â
ºÎ¸ð Çб³¿¡ Âü¼®ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Àǹ«ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÛÀº ½Ã°ñ Ã̶ô¿¡¼ »ç´Â ³óºÎµéÁ¶Â÷ ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» Åë½ÅÀ¸·Î ¸¶ÃÄ¾ß Çϸç, ¿Èê¿¡¡ª2ÁÖ¸¶´Ù¡ªÇÑ
¹ø¾¿, ¸»·Î ÇÏ´Â °ÀǸ¦ µéÀ¸·Á°í ±ÙóÀÇ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î °£´Ù. 1ÁÖ¿¡ 5ÀÏ·Î µÈ ´Þ·ÂÀ» ¾²±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
| The home life
of this people has greatly improved during the last century. Attendance
of parents, both fathers and mothers, at the parental schools of
child culture is compulsory. Even the agriculturists who reside
in small country settlements carry on this work by correspondence,
going to the near-by centers for oral instruction once in ten days-every
two weeks, for they maintain a five-day week. | |
72:3.3 (811.3)
°¢ °¡Á·¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÇ Æò±Õ ¼ö´Â ´Ù¼¸À̸ç, ±×µéÀº ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹ÞµçÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ºÎ¸ð Áß Çϳª³ª µÑÀÌ ´Ù
Á×¾úÀ» ¶§, ºÎ¸ð ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ Áö¸íÇÑ º¸È£ÀÚµéÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¾î¶² °¡Á·µµ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °í¾Æ(͵ä®)ÀÇ º¸È£±ÇÀ» ¹Þ´Â
°ÍÀ» Å« ¿µ¿¹·Î ¿©±â¸ç, °í¾Æ´Â ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ºÎ¸ð ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÀÚµéÀÇ °¡Á¤¿¡ ¸Ã°ÜÁø´Ù.
| The average
number of children in each family is five, and they are under the
full control of their parents or, in case of the demise of one or
both, under that of the guardians designated by the parental courts.
It is considered a great honor for any family to be awarded the
guardianship of a full orphan. Competitive examinations are held
among parents, and the orphan is awarded to the home of those displaying
the best parental qualifications. | |
72:3.4 (811.4)
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº °¡Á¤À» ±×µé ¹®¸íÀÇ ±âº» Á¦µµ·Î ¿©±ä´Ù. ÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ±³À°°ú ÀÎ°Ý ÈÆ·ÃÀÇ °¡Àå °ªÁø ºÎºÐÀº ºÎ¸ð·ÎºÎÅÍ,
±×¸®°í Áý¿¡¼ ¾ò±â¸¦ ±â´ëÇϸç, ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ±³À°¿¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¸Å ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀδÙ.
| These people
regard the home as the basic institution of their civilization.
It is expected that the most valuable part of a child's education
and character training will be secured from his parents and at home,
and fathers devote almost as much attention to child culture as
do mothers. | |
72:3.5 (811.5)
¸ðµç ¼º±³À°Àº Áý¿¡¼ ºÎ¸ð³ª ¹ýÀû º¸È£ÀÚµéÀÌ º£Ç¬´Ù. µµ´ö ±³À°Àº Çб³ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼ ³ë´Â ½Ã°£¿¡ ¼±»ýµéÀÌ Á¦°øÇÏÁö¸¸,
Á¾±³ ÈÆ·ÃÀº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù. Á¾±³ ÈÆ·ÃÀº ºÎ¸ð°¡ µ¶Á¡Çϴ Ư±ÇÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢µÇ¸ç, Á¾±³¸¦ °¡Á¤ »ýÈ°ÀÇ Çʼö ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ¿©±ä´Ù.
¼øÀüÈ÷ Á¾±³Àû °¡¸£Ä§Àº ¿ÀÁ÷ öÇÐÀÇ Àü´ç(îüÓÑ)¿¡¼¸¸ ´ëÁß¿¡°Ô º£Ç®¾îÁö°í, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ±³È¸¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼øÀüÇÑ Á¾±³ Á¶Á÷Àº
ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ· »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¹ß´ÞÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» µû¸£¸é, Á¾±³´Â Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¾Ë°í µ¿·á¿¡°Ô ºÀ»çÇÔÀ» ÅëÇؼ µ¿·á »ç¶ûÀ»
µå·¯³»·Á°í ¾Ö¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÌ Ç༺¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÇ Á¾±³ »óÅÂÀÇ ÀüÇü(îðúý)Àº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Á¾±³°¡
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î °¡Á·ÀÇ ¹®Á¦À̱⠶§¹®¿¡, ¼øÀüÈ÷ Á¾±³Àû Áýȸ¿¡ ¹ÙÃÄÁø °ø°ø Àå¼Ò°¡ Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀεéÀÌ
¹ö¸©À¸·Î ¸»ÇÏ´Ù½ÃÇÇ, Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀ¸·Î ±³È¸¿Í ±¹°¡´Â ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ ºÐ¸®µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, Á¾±³¿Í öÇÐÀº ÀÌ»óÇÏ°Ô °ãÄ¡´Â ºÎºÐÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
| All sex instruction
is administered in the home by parents or by legal guardians. Moral
instruction is offered by teachers during the rest periods in the
school shops, but not so with religious training, which is deemed
to be the exclusive privilege of parents, religion being looked
upon as an integral part of home life. Purely religious instruction
is given publicly only in the temples of philosophy, no such exclusively
religious institutions as the Urantia churches having developed
among this people. In their philosophy, religion is the striving
to know God and to manifest love for one's fellows through service
for them, but this is not typical of the religious status of the
other nations on this planet. Religion is so entirely a family matter
among these people that there are no public places devoted exclusively
to religious assembly. Politically, church and state, as Urantians
are wont to say, are entirely separate, but there is a strange overlapping
of religion and philosophy. | |
72:3.6 (811.6)
20³â Àü±îÁö, ¿µÀû ±³À°ÀÚµéÀº (À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¸ñ»çµé°ú °ßÁÙ ¸¸ÇÏ´Ù) ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÌ ºÎ¸ðÇÑÅ×¼ ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ±³À° ¹Þ¾Ò´Â°¡ È®ÀÎÇϱâ
À§Çؼ ¾ÆÀ̵éÀ» Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î °Ë»çÇÏ·Á°í °¢ °¡Á¤À» ã¾Æº¸¸ç, ±×µéÀº Á¤ºÎÀÇ °¨µ¶À» ¹Þ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Áö±Ý ÀÌ ¿µÀû Á¶¾ðÀÚ¿Í
°Ë»çÀÚµéÀº »õ·Î ¼¼¿î ¿µÀû Áøº¸ Àç´ÜÀÇ ÁöÈÖ ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÚÁøÇؼ ³»´Â ±âºÎ±ÝÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ÀÌ
Á¦µµ´Â ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽º ½ÉÆÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ µµÂøÇÒ ¶§±îÁö ´õ ÁøÈÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»Áö ¸ð¸¥´Ù.
| Until twenty
years ago the spiritual teachers (comparable to Urantia pastors),
who visit each family periodically to examine the children to ascertain
if they have been properly instructed by their parents, were under
governmental supervision. These spiritual advisers and examiners
are now under the direction of the newly created Foundation of Spiritual
Progress, an institution supported by voluntary contributions. Possibly
this institution may not further evolve until after the arrival
of a Paradise Magisterial Son. | |
72:3.7 (811.7)
¾ÆÀ̵éÀº 15»ì±îÁö ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎ¸ð ¹Ø¿¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×¶§ ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹Þµµ·Ï óÀ½ ÀÔȸ½ÄÀÌ °ÅÇàµÈ´Ù. ±× µÚ¿¡,
5³â¸¶´Ù ¿¬´Þ¾Æ ´Ù¼¸ ±â°£¿¡, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¶Ç·¡ÀÇ Áý´ÜÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ºñ½ÁÇÑ °ø½Ä Çà»ç°¡ °ÅÇàµÇ´Âµ¥, °Å±â¼ ºÎ¸ð¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±×µéÀÇ
Àǹ«°¡ ÁÙ¾îµé¸ç, ÇÑÆí ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓ°ú »çȸÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¸Ã´Â´Ù. ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀº 20»ì¿¡ ÁÖ¸ç, ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ½Â³«
¾øÀÌ °áÈ¥ÇÒ ±Ç¸®´Â 25»ì±îÁö ÁÖÁö ¾Ê°í, ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº 30»ìÀÌ µÇ¸é ÁýÀ» ¶°³ª¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| Children remain
legally subject to their parents until they are fifteen, when the
first initiation into civic responsibility is held. Thereafter,
every five years for five successive periods similar public exercises
are held for such age groups at which their obligations to parents
are lessened, while new civic and social responsibilities to the
state are assumed. Suffrage is conferred at twenty, the right to
marry without parental consent is not bestowed until twenty-five,
and children must leave home on reaching the age of thirty. | |
72:3.8 (812.1)
°áÈ¥°ú ÀÌÈ¥ ¹ý·üÀº ³ª¶ó¿¡ µÎ·ç ÇÑ°á°°´Ù. 20»ì¡ª½Ã¹Î ¼±°Å±ÇÀ» °¡Áú ³ªÀÌ¡ª°¡ µÇ±â Àü¿¡ °áÈ¥ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
ÀÇ»ç(ëòÞÖ)¸¦ ÅëÁöÇÏ°í ³ª¼ 1³â µÚ¿¡, ±×¸®°í ½ÅºÎ¿Í ½Å¶ûÀÌ °áÈ¥ »ýÈ°ÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ºÎ¸ð Çб³¿¡¼ ¸¶¶¥È÷ ±³À°¹ÞÀº
°ÍÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â Áõ¸í¼¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÑ µÚ¿¡¾ß °Ü¿ì °áÈ¥ÇÒ Çã°¡°¡ ³»¸°´Ù.
| Marriage and
divorce laws are uniform throughout the nation. Marriage before
twenty¡ªthe age of civil enfranchisement¡ªis not permitted. Permission
to marry is only granted after one year's notice of intention, and
after both bride and groom present certificates showing that they
have been duly instructed in the parental schools regarding the
responsibilities of married life. | |
72:3.9 (812.2)
ÀÌÈ¥ ±ÔÄ¢Àº ¾ó¸¶Å ´À½¼ÇÏÁö¸¸, ºÎ¸ð ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼ ¹ßÇàÇÏ´Â º°°ÅÀÇ ¼±Æ÷´Â ÀÌÈ¥ ½ÅûÀ» ±â·ÏÇÑ Áö 1³âÀÌ Áö³¯ ¶§±îÁö ¹ÞÁö
¸øÇÑ´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ Ç༺¿¡¼ 1³âÀº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼º¸´Ù ÈξÀ ±æ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ½¬¿î ÀÌÈ¥¹ýÀ» °¡Á³´Âµ¥µµ, ÇöÀç ÀÌÈ¥À²Àº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼
¹®¸íÈµÈ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ ÀÌÈ¥À²ÀÇ 10ºÐÀÇ 1 ¹Û¿¡ ¾È µÈ´Ù.
| Divorce regulations
are somewhat lax, but decrees of separation, issued by the parental
courts, may not be had until one year after application therefor
has been recorded, and the year on this planet is considerably longer
than on Urantia. Notwithstanding their easy divorce laws, the present
rate of divorces is only one tenth that of the civilized races of
Urantia. |
72:4.1 (812.3) ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ ±³À° Á¦µµ´Â 5»ìºÎÅÍ 18»ì±îÁö ´Ù´Ï´Â, ´ëÇÐ ¹ØÀÇ Çб³¿¡¼ Àǹ«ÀÌ¸ç ³²³à °øÇÐÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Çб³µéÀº À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Çб³µé°ú ¾öû³ª°Ô ´Ù¸£´Ù. ±³½ÇÀÌ Çϳªµµ ¾ø°í, ÇÑ ¶§¿¡ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °¡Áö °øºÎ¸¸ Ãß±¸Çϴµ¥, óÀ½ 3³â µÚ¿¡´Â ¸ðµç »ýµµ°¡ Á¶±³(ð¾Îç)°¡ µÇ°í, ±×µé ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀ» °¡¸£Ä£´Ù. Ã¥Àº ¿À·ÎÁö, Çб³ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼, ±×¸®°í Çб³ ³óÀå¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ¹®Á¦µéÀ» Ǫ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ Á¤º¸¸¦ È®º¸Çϱâ À§Çؼ¸¸ ¾²ÀδÙ. ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸¹Àº °¡±¸(Ê«Îý)¿Í ±â°è ÀåÄ¡´Â¡ªÀ̶§°¡ Å« ¹ß¸í°ú ±â°èÈÀÇ ½Ã´ëÀ̴ϱÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼ »ý»êµÈ´Ù. °¢ ÀÛ¾÷Àå ¿·¿¡´Â ±âÃÊ µµ¼°üÀÌ ÀÖ°í, °Å±â¼ ÇлýµéÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Âü°í ¼ÀûÀ» µÚÁú ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ³ó¾÷°ú ¿ø¿¹µµ ¶ÇÇÑ °¢ Áö¿ª Çб³¿¡ ÀÎÁ¢ÇÑ Å« ³óÀå¿¡¼, ±³À° ±â°£ Àüü¸¦ ÅëÇؼ ³»³» °¡¸£Ä£´Ù. | 4. The Educational System The educational system of this nation is compulsory and coeducational in the precollege schools that the student attends from the ages of five to eighteen. These schools are vastly different from those of Urantia. There are no classrooms, only one study is pursued at a time, and after the first three years all pupils become assistant teachers, instructing those below them. Books are used only to secure information that will assist in solving the problems arising in the school shops and on the school farms. Much of the furniture used on the continent and the many mechanical contrivances-this is a great age of invention and mechanization-are produced in these shops. Adjacent to each shop is a working library where the student may consult the necessary reference books. Agriculture and horticulture are also taught throughout the entire educational period on the extensive farms adjoining every local school. | |
72:4.2 (812.4)
Àú´ÉÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ³ó¾÷°ú Ãà»ê ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ°í, Ưº°È÷ °ü¸®ÇÏ´Â ½Ä¹ÎÁö¿¡ ÀÏ»ý µ¿¾È ¸Ã°ÜÁø´Ù. °Å±â¼ À̵éÀº
ºÎ¸ð°¡ µÇÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï ¼ºº°·Î ºÐ¸®µÇ¸ç, ºÎ¸ð ³ë¸©Àº Á¤»ó ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ Á¦ÇÑµÈ Á¶Ä¡´Â
75³â µ¿¾È ¿î¿µµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿©±â¿¡ ¸Ã±â´Â ¼±Æ÷´Â ºÎ¸ð ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼ ³»·Á¿Â´Ù.
| The feeble-minded
are trained only in agriculture and animal husbandry, and are committed
for life to special custodial colonies where they are segregated
by sex to prevent parenthood, which is denied all subnormals. These
restrictive measures have been in operation for seventy-five years;
the commitment decrees are handed down by the parental courts. | |
72:4.3 (812.5)
¸ðµÎ°¡ ÇÑ ÇØ¿¡ ÇÑ ´Þ µ¿¾È ÈÞ°¡¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ´ëÇÐ ¹ØÀÇ Çб³µéÀº ¿ ´Þ·Î µÈ 1³â¿¡ ¾ÆÈ© ´Þ µ¿¾È ¿î¿µµÇ¸ç, ÈÞ°¡´Â
ºÎ¸ð¿Í ÇÔ²², ¶Ç´Â Ä£±¸µé°ú ¿©ÇàÇÏ¸é¼ º¸³½´Ù. ÀÌ ¿©ÇàÀº ¼ºÀÎ ±³À° ÇÁ·Î±×¶÷ÀÇ ÀϺÎÀÌ°í, ÀÏ»ý¿¡ °ÉÃļ À̾îÁø´Ù.
±×·¯ÇÑ ºñ¿ë¿¡ ¾µ ÀÚ±ÝÀº ³ë·É º¸Çè¿¡¼ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÃàÀûµÈ´Ù.
| Everyone takes
one month's vacation each year. The precollege schools are conducted
for nine months out of the year of ten, the vacation being spent
with parents or friends in travel. This travel is a part of the
adult-education program and is continued throughout a lifetime,
the funds for meeting such expenses being accumulated by the same
methods as those employed in old-age insurance. | |
72:4.4 (812.6)
Çб³ ½Ã°£ÀÇ 4ºÐÀÇ 1Àº ³îÀÌ¡ª°æÀïÇÏ´Â ¿îµ¿¡ª¿¡ ¹ÙÄ¡°í, ÀÌ °æÀï¿¡¼ »ýµµµéÀº Áö¿ª ½ÃÇÕºÎÅÍ, ÁÖ(ñ¶)¿Í Áö¹æÀÇ ½ÃÇÕÀ»
°ÅÃļ, ¼Ø¾¾¿Í ¾¿¾¿ÇÔÀ» °Ü·ç´Â Àü±¹ ½ÃÇÕ±îÁö ¿Ã¶ó°£´Ù. ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, °úÇаú öÇÐÀÇ °æÀï »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿õº¯°ú À½¾ÇÀÇ
°æÀïÀº, ³·Àº »çȸ ºÎ¹®¿¡¼ Àü±¹ÀÇ ¿µ¿¹¸¦ ¾ò´Â °æÀï¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö, ÇлýµéÀÇ °ü½ÉÀ» Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù.
| One quarter
of the school time is devoted to play-competitive athletics-the
pupils progressing in these contests from the local, through the
state and regional, and on to the national trials of skill and prowess.
Likewise, the oratorical and musical contests, as well as those
in science and philosophy, occupy the attention of students from
the lower social divisions on up to the contests for national honors.
| |
72:4.5 (812.7)
Çб³ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ´Â ¼·Î °ü·ÃµÈ ¼¼ ÁöºÎ(ò¨Ý»)¸¦ °¡Áø ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎÀÇ º¹»çÆÇÀ̸ç, ±³Á÷¿øÀº ¼Â° ºÎ¼, °ð ÀÚ¹®ÇÏ´Â ÀÔ¹ý
ºÎ¼·Î¼ È°µ¿ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ±³À°ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀº ¸ðµç »ýµµ¸¦ ÀÚ¸³ÇÏ´Â ½Ã¹ÎÀ¸·Î ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
| The school
government is a replica of the national government with its three
correlated branches, the teaching staff functioning as the third
or advisory legislative division. The chief object of education
on this continent is to make every pupil a self-supporting citizen. | |
72:4.6 (813.1)
18»ì¿¡ ´ëÇÐ ¹ØÀÇ Çб³ üÁ¦¿¡¼ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº ¸ðµÎ ¼Ø¾¾ ÀÖ´Â ±â´É°øÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Ã¥À» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í Ưº°ÇÑ Áö½ÄÀ»
Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¼ºÀÎ Çб³³ª ´ëÇп¡¼ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ. ¸Ó¸® ÁÁÀº ÇлýÀÌ °èȹº¸´Ù ¾Õ¼ Á¦ ÀÏÀ» ¸¶Ä¡¸é, ±×¿¡°Ô ½Ã°£°ú ¼ö´ÜÀ¸·Î
»óÀ» ÁÖ¸ç, ±×°ÍÀ¸·Î ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ ¾î¶² Á¶±×¸¸ »ç¾÷À» ÃßÁøÇصµ ÁÁ´Ù. ±³À° ü°è Àüü°¡ °³ÀÎÀ» ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ÈÆ·ÃÇϵµ·Ï
°í¾ÈµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
| Every child
graduating from the precollege school system at eighteen is a skilled
artisan. Then begins the study of books and the pursuit of special
knowledge, either in the adult schools or in the colleges. When
a brilliant student completes his work ahead of schedule, he is
granted an award of time and means wherewith he may execute some
pet project of his own devising. The entire educational system is
designed to adequately train the individual. |
72:5.1 (813.2) ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ· »çÀÌ¿¡¼ »ê¾÷ÀÇ »óȲÀº ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌ»ó°ú °Å¸®°¡ ¸Ö´Ù. ÀÚº»°¡¿Í ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¾È°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾çÀÚ°¡ ¼º½ÇÇÏ°Ô Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â °èȹ¿¡ ÀûÀÀÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â °¥¼ö·Ï ¸ðµç »ê¾÷ ºÐ¾ßÀÇ ±â¾÷¿¡¼ ÁÖÁÖ(ñ»ñ«)°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¿µ¸®ÇÑ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ°¡ õõÈ÷ ÀÛÀº ÀÚº»°¡°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. | 5. Industrial Organization The industrial situation among this people is far from their ideals; capital and labor still have their troubles, but both are becoming adjusted to the plan of sincere co-operation. On this unique continent the workers are increasingly becoming shareholders in all industrial concerns; every intelligent laborer is slowly becoming a small capitalist. | |
72:5.2 (813.3)
»çȸÀÇ ´ë¸³Àº ÁÙ¾îµé°í ÀÖ°í, ¼±ÀÇ(à¼ëò)°¡ »¡¸® ÆÛÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ³ë¿¹ Á¦µµ°¡ ÆóÁöµÈ ÀÌÈÄ·Î (1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñ´Â´Ù) ¾Æ¹«·±
½É°¢ÇÑ °æÁ¦ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Âµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº 1³â¿¡ 2ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¾¿ Çعæ½ÃÅ´À¸·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¶Á¤ÀÌ Â÷ÃûÂ÷Ãû ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
Á¤½Å¤ý µµ´ö¤ý ½ÅüÀÇ ½ÃÇèÀ» ¸¸Á·½º·´°Ô °ÅÄ£ ³ë¿¹µéÀº ½Ã¹Î±ÇÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í, ÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÑ ³ë¿¹µéÀÇ ´Ù¼ö´Â ÀüÀï¿¡¼ ÀâÈù Æ÷·ÎÀ̵çÁö,
¾Æ´Ï¸é ±×·± Æ÷·ÎÀÇ ¾ÆµéµþÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº 50³âÂë Àü¿¡ ¸¶Áö¸· ¿µîÇÑ ³ë¿¹µéÀ» Ãâ±¹½ÃÄ×°í, ÅðÈµÇ°í ³ª»Û °è±ÞÀÇ Àα¸¸¦
ÁÙÀÌ´Â °úÁ¦¿¡ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ Âø¼öÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
| Social antagonisms
are lessening, and good will is growing apace. No grave economic
problems have arisen out of the abolition of slavery (over one hundred
years ago) since this adjustment was effected gradually by the liberation
of two per cent each year. Those slaves who satisfactorily passed
mental, moral, and physical tests were granted citizenship; many
of these superior slaves were war captives or children of such captives.
Some fifty years ago they deported the last of their inferior slaves,
and still more recently they are addressing themselves to the task
of reducing the numbers of their degenerate and vicious classes.
| |
72:5.3 (813.4)
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº »ê¾÷¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ¿ÀÇظ¦ Á¶ÀýÇÏ°í °æÁ¦Àû ³²¿ëÀ» ½ÃÁ¤ÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ±â¼úÀ» ¿äÁîÀ½¿¡ °³¹ßÇߴµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±×·±
¹®Á¦µéÀ» ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â ¿¹ÀüÀÇ ¹æ¹ýº¸´Ù ¶Ñ·ÇÇÏ°Ô °³¼±µÇ¾ú´Ù. °³ÀÎÀ̳ª »ê¾÷ÀÇ ÀÇ°ß Â÷À̸¦ Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °úÁ¤À¸·Î Æø·ÂÀº
±ÝÁöµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÓ±Ý(ìüÑÑ)°ú ÀÌÀÍ°ú ±âŸ °æÁ¦ ¹®Á¦´Â ¾ö°ÝÇÏ°Ô ±ÔÁ¦µÇÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸, À̰͵éÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î »ê¾÷ ¹ý±Ô¿¡ ÅëÁ¦¸¦
¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ÇÑÆí »ê¾÷ ÀçÆǼҰ¡ »ê¾÷¿¡¼ »ý°Ü³ª´Â ¸ðµç ³íÀï¿¡ ÆÇ°áÀ» ³»¸°´Ù.
| These people
have recently developed new techniques for the adjustment of industrial
misunderstandings and for the correction of economic abuses which
are marked improvements over their older methods of settling such
problems. Violence has been outlawed as a procedure in adjusting
either personal or industrial differences. Wages, profits, and other
economic problems are not rigidly regulated, but they are in general
controlled by the industrial legislatures, while all disputes arising
out of industry are passed upon by the industrial courts. | |
72:5.4 (813.5)
»ê¾÷ ÀçÆǼҵéÀº °Ü¿ì 30³âÀÌ µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¸¸Á·½º·´°Ô È°µ¿ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ »ý±ä ¹ßÀüÀº, ÀÌÁ¦ºÎÅÍ »ê¾÷
ÀçÆǼҵéÀÌ ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼ ºÎ¹®¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀû º¸»óÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ±ÔÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù:
| The industrial
courts are only thirty years old but are functioning very satisfactorily.
The most recent development provides that hereafter the industrial
courts shall recognize legal compensation as falling in three divisions: | |
72:5.5 (813.6) 1. ÅõÀÚµÈ ÀÚº»¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ýÁ¤(ÛöïÒ) ÀÌÀÚÀ². | 1. Legal rates
of interest on invested capital. | |
72:5.6 (813.7)
2. »ê¾÷ È°µ¿¿¡¼ °í¿ëµÈ ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû´çÇÑ ºÀ±Þ.
| 2. Reasonable
salary for skill employed in industrial operations. | |
72:5.7 (813.8) 3. ³ëµ¿ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´Â °øÁ¤ÇÏ°í °øÆòÇÑ ÀÓ±Ý. | 3. Fair and
equitable wages for labor. | |
72:5.8 (813.9)
ÀÌ Á¶°ÇµéÀº °è¾à¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ¸ÕÀú ¸¸Á·µÇ¾î¾ß ÇϵçÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¼ÒµæÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé °æ¿ì¿¡ ±×µéÀº ÀϽÃÀû °¨¼Ò¸¦ ºñ·ÊÇؼ ºÐ´ãÇؾß
ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °íÁ¤µÈ ºñ¿ëÀ» ÃÊ°úÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÀÌÀÍÀº ±× ´ÙÀ½ºÎÅÍ ¹è´ç±ÝÀ¸·Î °£Áֵǰí, ÀÚº»¤ý±â¼ú¤ý³ëµ¿, ÀÌ ¼¼ ºÎ¹® ¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô
ºñ·ÊÇؼ ºÐ¹èµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| These shall
first be met in accordance with contract, or in the face of decreased
earnings they shall share proportionally in transient reduction.
And thereafter all earnings in excess of these fixed charges shall
be regarded as dividends and shall be prorated to all three divisions:
capital, skill, and labor. | |
72:5.9 (813.10)
10³â¸¶´Ù Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ¼ÒµæÀ» ¾ò´Â 1ÀÏ ¹ýÁ¤ ³ëµ¿ ½Ã°£À» Á¶Á¤ÇÏ°í ¼±Æ÷ÇÑ´Ù. »ê¾÷Àº ÀÌÁ¦ 5ÀÏ·Î µÈ 1ÁÖ¿¡ ±Ù°Å¸¦
µÎ°í ¿î¿µÇϸç, ³ªÈê ÀÏÇÏ°í ÇϷ縦 ³í´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÏÇÏ´Â ³¯¿¡ 6½Ã°£ ÀÏÇϸç, Çлýµéó·³, ¿ ´Þ·Î µÈ 1³â¿¡
¾ÆÈ© ´Þ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù. ÈÞ°¡¸¦ ¿©Çà¿¡ º¸Åë ¾²¸ç, »õ·Î¿î ¼ö¼Û ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ °³¹ßµÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ³ª¶ó Àüü°¡ ¿©Çà¿¡
È컶 ºüÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ±âÈÄ´Â 1³â¿¡ ¾à 8°³¿ù µ¿¾È ¿©ÇàÀ» Çã¶ôÇϸç, ±×µéÀº ±âȸ¸¦ ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
| Every ten
years the regional executives adjust and decree the lawful hours
of daily gainful toil. Industry now operates on a five-day week,
working four and playing one. These people labor six hours each
working day and, like students, nine months in the year of ten.
Vacation is usually spent in travel, and new methods of transportation
having been so recently developed, the whole nation is travel bent.
The climate favors travel about eight months in the year, and they
are making the most of their opportunities. | |
72:5.10 (813.11)
2¹é ³â Àü¿¡´Â ÀÌÀÍ µ¿±â°¡ »ê¾÷À» ¿ÂÅë Áö¹èÇßÁö¸¸, ¿À´Ã³¯ ´Ù¸¥ ´õ ³ôÀº ÃßÁø·ÂÀÌ ÀÌÀÍ µ¿±â¸¦ ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ´ëüÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ °æÀïÀº ½ÉÇÏÁö¸¸, »ó´çÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÌ »ê¾÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿îµ¿, ±â¼ú, °úÇÐÀû ¼ºÃë, ÁöÀû ´Þ¼ºÀ¸·Î ¿Å°ÜÁ³´Ù. °æÀïÀº
»çȸ¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÏ°í Á¤ºÎ¿¡ Ã漺ÇÏ´Â µ¥¼ °¡Àå È°¹ßÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ °øÁ÷¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Æ÷ºÎÀÇ
´ë»óÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´ë·ú¿¡¼ °¡Àå ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ±×ÀÇ ±â°è ÀÛ¾÷Àå »ç¹«½Ç¿¡¼ ÇÏ·ç¿¡ ¿©¼¸ ½Ã°£ ÀÏÇÏ°í, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Á¤Ä¡
Çб³ÀÇ Áö¿ª ÁöºÎ·Î ¼µÑ·¯ °¡¼, °Å±â¼ °øÁ÷(ÍëòÅ)À» ¾òÀ» ÀÚ°ÝÀ» °®Ãß·Á°í ¾Ö¾´´Ù.
| Two hundred
years ago the profit motive was wholly dominant in industry, but
today it is being rapidly displaced by other and higher driving
forces. Competition is keen on this continent, but much of it has
been transferred from industry to play, skill, scientific achievement,
and intellectual attainment. It is most active in social service
and governmental loyalty. Among this people public service is rapidly
becoming the chief goal of ambition. The richest man on the continent
works six hours a day in the office of his machine shop and then
hastens over to the local branch of the school of statesmanship,
where he seeks to qualify for public service. | |
72:5.11 (814.1)
³ëµ¿Àº ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ´õ ¸í¿¹·Î¿î Á÷¾÷ÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, 18»ìÀÌ ³Ñ°í ¸öÀÌ Á¤»óÀÎ ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Áý°ú ³óÀå¿¡¼, ¾î¶²
ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ´Â »ê¾÷¿¡¼, ÀϽà ÀÏÀÚ¸® ÀÒÀº ÀÚ¸¦ Èí¼öÇÏ´Â °ø°ø »ç¾÷¿¡¼, ¶Ç´Â ±¤»ê¿¡¼ °Á¦ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ ´Üü¿¡¼ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù.
| Labor is becoming
more honorable on this continent, and all able-bodied citizens over
eighteen work either at home and on farms, at some recognized industry,
on the public works where the temporarily unemployed are absorbed,
or else in the corps of compulsory laborers in the mines. | |
72:5.12 (814.2)
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¶ÇÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ÇüÅÂÀÇ »çȸÀû Çø¿À°¨¡ª°ÔÀ¸¸§°ú ¹ú¾îµéÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀº Àç»ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çø¿À°¨¡ªÀ» ºñ·Î¼Ò ±â¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù.
´À¸®Áö¸¸ È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ±×µéÀº ±â°è¸¦ Á¤º¹ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéµµ ÇѶ§´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿©, ³ªÁß¿¡´Â °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿©
ÅõÀïÇß´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ±×µéÀº ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö¸¦ Áñ±â´Â ´Ü°è¿¡ µé¾î°¡°í ÀÖ°í, ÇÑÆí ±× À§¿¡ ¿½ÉÈ÷ ¹ø ¿©°¡¸¦ ºñ·Î¼Ò °í¸¿°Ô
¿©±â°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ ¿©°¡´Â ´õ¿í ÀھƸ¦ ½ÇÇöÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¹ÙÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| These people
are also beginning to foster a new form of social disgust-disgust
for both idleness and unearned wealth. Slowly but certainly they
are conquering their machines. Once they, too, struggled for political
liberty and subsequently for economic freedom. Now are they entering
upon the enjoyment of both while in addition they are beginning
to appreciate their well-earned leisure, which can be devoted to
increased self-realization. |
72:6.1 (814.3) ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â ÀÚÁ¸½ÉÀ» »óÇÏ´Â Á¾·ùÀÇ ÀÚ¼±À», ³ë³â±âÀÇ ¾ÈÀüÀ» Ç°À§ ÀÖ°Ô º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â Á¤ºÎ º¸ÇèÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²ãÄ¡¿ì·Á°í, ±»Àº °áÀÇ·Î ³ë·ÂÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀ» ¸ðµÎ ±³À°½ÃÅ°°í ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Á÷¾÷À» ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ Çã¾àÇÏ°í ³ªÀÌ µç »ç¶÷À» º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ±×·± º¸Çè °èȹÀ» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ¼öÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. | 6. Old-Age Insurance This nation is making a determined effort to replace the self-respect-destroying type of charity by dignified government-insurance guarantees of security in old age. This nation provides every child an education and every man a job; therefore can it successfully carry out such an insurance scheme for the protection of the infirm and aged. | |
72:6.2 (814.4)
ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ· »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº, ÁÖ(ñ¶)ÀÇ ³ëµ¿ À§¿øÀåÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 70¼¼±îÁö ³²¾Æ¼ ÀÏÇϵµ·Ï ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â Çã°¡¸¦ ¹ÞÁö
¾Ê´Â ÇÑ, 65¼¼¿¡ ¼ÒµæÀ» ¾ò´Â Á÷¾÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀºÅðÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ³ªÀÌ Á¦ÇÑÀº °ø¹«¿øÀ̳ª öÇÐÀÚ¿¡°Ô Àû¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
½ÅüÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÏÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÈ ÀÚ³ª ¿µ±¸ÇÏ°Ô ºÒ±¸(ÜôÎý)°¡ µÈ »ç¶÷Àº, Áö¿ª Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿¬±Ý À§¿øÀåÀÌ È®ÀÎÇÑ ¹ýÁ¤ÀÇ ¸í·É¿¡
µû¶ó¼, ³ªÀÌ¿¡ »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ ÀºÅðÀÚ ¸í´Ü¿¡ ¿Ã¶ó°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| Among this
people all persons must retire from gainful pursuit at sixty-five
unless they secure a permit from the state labor commissioner which
will entitle them to remain at work until the age of seventy. This
age limit does not apply to government servants or philosophers.
The physically disabled or permanently crippled can be placed on
the retired list at any age by court order countersigned by the
pension commissioner of the regional government. | |
72:6.3 (814.5) ³ë³â±â ¿¬±ÝÀ» À§ÇÑ ±â±ÝÀº ³× °¡Áö ±Ù¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±ä´Ù: | The funds for
old-age pensions are derived from four sources: | |
72:6.4 (814.6)
1. ÇÑ ´Þ¿¡ ÇÏ·çÀÇ ¼ÒµæÀº ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î °Á¦·Î ¶¼¾î °¡¸ç, ÀÌ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù.
| 1. One day's
earnings each month are requisitioned by the federal government
for this purpose, and in this country everybody works. | |
72:6.5 (814.7)
2. À¯»ê(ë¶ß§)¡ªºÎÀ¯ÇÑ ¸¹Àº ½Ã¹ÎÀÌ ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±â±ÝÀ» ³²±ä´Ù.
| 2. Bequests-many
wealthy citizens leave funds for this purpose. | |
72:6.6 (814.8)
3. ÁÖ(ñ¶)ÀÇ ±¤»ê¿¡¼ °Á¦ ³ëµ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾òÀº ¼Òµæ. ¡Áý ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÌ ÀڽŵéÀ» Áö¿øÇÏ°í ÀºÅð ºÐ´ã±ÝÀ» ¶¼¾î³õÀº µÚ¿¡,
±×µéÀÇ ³ëµ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â À׿© ÀÌÀÍÀº ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ ¿¬±Ý(æÄÐÝ) ±â±Ý¿¡ ³Ñ°ÜÁø´Ù.
| 3. The earnings
of compulsory labor in the state mines. After the conscript workers
support themselves and set aside their own retirement contributions,
all excess profits on their labor are turned over to this pension
fund. | |
72:6.7 (814.9)
4. ÁöÇÏ ÀÚ¿ø¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ¼Òµæ. ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ¸ðµç õ¿¬ Àç»êÀº »çȸ°¡ À§Å¹ÇÑ Àç»êÀ¸·Î¼ ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ°¡ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í, ±×·ÎºÎÅÍ
»ý±ä ¼ÒµæÀº Áúº´ÀÇ ¿¹¹æ, õÀç ±³À°, ±×¸®°í Á¤Ä¡ Çб³¿¡¼ Ưº°È÷ Àå·¡°¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â °³ÀεéÀÇ ºñ¿ë°ú °°Àº »çȸÀû ¸ñÀûÀ»
À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÁöÇÏ ÀÚ¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â ¼ÒµæÀÇ ¹ÝÀº ³ë³â ¿¬±Ý ±â±ÝÀ¸·Î µé¾î°£´Ù.
| 4. The income
from natural resources. All natural wealth on the continent is held
as a social trust by the federal government, and the income therefrom
is utilized for social purposes, such as disease prevention, education
of geniuses, and expenses of especially promising individuals in
the statesmanship schools. One half of the income from natural resources
goes to the old-age pension fund. | |
72:6.8 (814.10)
ÁÖ ¹× Áö¿ªÀÇ º¸Çè Åë°è Àç´ÜÀÌ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö º¸È£ÇÏ´Â º¸ÇèÀ» °ø±ÞÇÏÁö¸¸, ³ë³â ¿¬±ÝÀº 10°³ Áö¿ª ºÐ°ú¸¦ ÅëÇؼ ¿¬¹æ
Á¤ºÎ°¡ Ȧ·Î °ü¸®ÇÑ´Ù.
| Although state
and regional actuarial foundations supply many forms of protective
insurance, old-age pensions are solely administered by the federal
government through the ten regional departments. | |
72:6.9 (814.11)
ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¤ºÎ ±â±ÝÀº ¿À·§µ¿¾È Á¤Á÷ÇÏ°Ô °ü¸®µÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ¹Ý¿ª°ú »ìÀÎ ´ÙÀ½¿¡, ÀçÆǼҿ¡¼ ³»¸®´Â °¡Àå ¹«°Å¿î ¹úÀº ´ëÁßÀÇ
½ÅÀÓÀ» Àú¹ö¸®´Â µ¥ ³»·ÁÁø´Ù. »çȸ ¹× Á¤Ä¡Àû ºÒÃæÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ¸ðµç ¹üÁË Áß¿¡¼ °¡Àå Èä¾ÇÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©±ä´Ù.
| These government
funds have long been honestly administered. Next to treason and
murder, the heaviest penalties meted out by the courts are attached
to betrayal of public trust. Social and political disloyalty are
now looked upon as being the most heinous of all crimes. |
72:7.1 (815.1) ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â ³ë³â ¿¬±ÝÀÇ °ü¸®, ±×¸®°í õÀç¿Í µ¶Ã¢¼ºÀ» À°¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥¸¸ °£¼·ÇÑ´Ù. ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ´Â Á¶±Ý ´õ °³º° ½Ã¹Î¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö¸ç, ÇÑÆí Áö¿ª Á¤ºÎ´Â ÈξÀ ´õ °£¼·Çϰųª »çȸÁÖÀÇÀûÀÌ´Ù. µµ½Ã´Â (¶Ç´Â µµ½ÃÀÇ ¾î¶² ÇÏÀ§ ºÎ¼µéÀº) °Ç°, À§»ý, °Ç¹° ±ÔÁ¦, ¹ÌÈ(Ú¸ûù), ¹° °ø±Þ, ±×¸®°í Á¶¸í¤ý³¹æ¤ý¿À¶ô¤ýÀ½¾Ç¤ýÅë½Å°ú °°Àº ¹®Á¦¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù. | 7. Taxation The federal government is paternalistic only in the administration of old-age pensions and in the fostering of genius and creative originality; the state governments are slightly more concerned with the individual citizen, while the local governments are much more paternalistic or socialistic. The city (or some subdivision thereof) concerns itself with such matters as health, sanitation, building regulations, beautification, water supply, lighting, heating, recreation, music, and communication. | |
72:7.2 (815.2)
¾î¶² »ê¾÷¿¡¼µµ ¸ÕÀú °Ç°¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀδÙ. ¾î¶² ´Ü°èÀÇ À°Ã¼Àû º¹Áö´Â »ê¾÷°ú °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ Æ¯±ÇÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖµÇÁö¸¸, °³Àΰú
°¡Á·ÀÇ °Ç° ¹®Á¦´Â °³ÀÎÀÇ °ü½É°Å¸®ÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. ÀǼú¿¡¼´Â, ¼øÀüÈ÷ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ °æ¿ìó·³, °£¼·À» »ï°¡´Â
°ÍÀÌ ´õ¿í Á¤ºÎÀÇ °èȹÀÌ µÇ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
| In all industry
first attention is paid to health; certain phases of physical well-being
are regarded as industrial and community prerogatives, but individual
and family health problems are matters of personal concern only.
In medicine, as in all other purely personal matters, it is increasingly
the plan of government to refrain from interfering. | |
72:7.3 (815.3)
µµ½Ã´Â ÀüÇô ¼¼±ÝÀ» ºÎ°úÇÏ´Â ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ¾ø°í, ºúÀ» Áú ¼öµµ ¾ø´Ù. µµ½Ã´Â ÁÖ À繫ºÎ·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Ó¸® ¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó ¼ö´çÀ» ¹Þ°í,
±×·¯ÇÑ ¼öÀÔ(â¥ìý)À» ±×µéÀÇ »çȸÁÖÀÇÀû ±â¾÷¿¡¼ »ý±ä ¼ÒµæÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í ¿©·¯ »ó¾÷ È°µ¿¿¡ ¸éÇ㸦 ÁÜÀ¸·Î º¸ÃæÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| Cities have
no taxing power, neither can they go in debt. They receive per capita
allowances from the state treasury and must supplement such revenue
from the earnings of their socialistic enterprises and by licensing
various commercial activities. | |
72:7.4 (815.4)
±ÞÈ÷ À̵¿ÇÏ´Â ½Ã¼³Àº µµ½Ã Å׵θ®ÀÇ È®ÀåÀ» ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ½Ç¿ë¼º ÀÖ°Ô ¸¸µé¸ç, ÀÌ°ÍÀº µµ½ÃÀÇ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. µµ½ÃÀÇ ¼Ò¹æ(á¼ÛÁ)
ºÎ¼´Â ÈÀç ¹æÁö ¹× º¸Çè Àç´ÜµéÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ°í, µµ½Ã³ª ½Ã°ñ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °Ç¹°Àº ºÒ¿¬¼º(Üôæ×àõ)ÀÌ´Ù¡ª75³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï
ÀÌ·¸°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
| The rapid-transit
facilities, which make it practical greatly to extend the city boundaries,
are under municipal control. The city fire departments are supported
by the fire-prevention and insurance foundations, and all buildings,
in city or country, are fireproof¡ªhave been for over seventy-five
years. | |
72:7.5 (815.5)
½Ã¿¡¼ ÀÓ¸íÇÏ´Â Ä¡¾È ´ã´ç °ü¸®´Â Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù. ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ°¡ °æÂû·ÂÀ» °ü¸®ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ºÎ¼´Â 25¼¼ºÎÅÍ 50¼¼ »çÀÌ¿¡
°áÈ¥ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ °ÅÀÇ ÀüºÎ Ãæ¿øµÈ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÁÖ(ñ¶)´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ³ôÀº µ¶½Å ¼¼±ÝÀ» ºÎ°úÇÏ°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÁÖ °æÂû¿¡
°¡ÀÔÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ³²ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Áö±ÞµÈ´Ù. º¸Åë ÁÖ¿¡¼ °æÂû·ÂÀº ÀÌÁ¦ 50³â Àü °æÂû·ÂÀÇ 10ºÐÀÇ 1¹Û¿¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
| There are
no municipally appointed peace officers; the police forces are maintained
by the state governments. This department is recruited almost entirely
from the unmarried men between twenty-five and fifty. Most of the
states assess a rather heavy bachelor tax, which is remitted to
all men joining the state police. In the average state the police
force is now only one tenth as large as it was fifty years ago.
| |
72:7.6 (815.6)
°æÁ¦ ¹× ±âŸ Á¶°ÇÀÌ ´ë·úÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ±¸¿ª¿¡ µû¶ó Å©°Ô ´Ù¸£´Ï±î, ºñ±³Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°í ÁÖ±ÇÀ» °¡Áø 1¹é ÁÖÀÇ ¼¼±Ý °èȹÀº
°ÅÀÇ ¶Ç´Â ÀüÇô ÇÑ°á°°Áö ¾Ê´Ù. ÁÖ¸¶´Ù 10°³ÀÇ ±âº» Çå¹ý Á¶Ç×ÀÌ ÀÖ°í, À̰͵éÀº ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ ¾øÀÌ
°íÄ¥ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ Á¶Ç×µé ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â ¾î´À ÇÑ ÇØ¿¡ ¾î¶² Àç»êÀÌ¶óµµ ±× °¡Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇؼ 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡ ³Ñ´Â ¼¼±ÝÀ»
ºÎ°úÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ°í, ÁýÅÍ´Â µµ½ÃÀÌµç ½Ã°ñÀ̵ç, ¿©±â¼ ¸éÁ¦µÈ´Ù.
| There is little
or no uniformity among the taxation schemes of the one hundred comparatively
free and sovereign states as economic and other conditions vary
greatly in different sections of the continent. Every state has
ten basic constitutional provisions which cannot be modified except
by consent of the federal supreme court, and one of these articles
prevents levying a tax of more than one per cent on the value of
any property in any one year, homesites, whether in city or country,
being exempted. | |
72:7.7 (815.7)
¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â ºúÀ» Áú ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀüÀï ¸ñÀûÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ¾î¶² ÁÖ¶óµµ µ·À» ºô¸± ¼ö ÀÖ±â Àü¿¡, 4ºÐÀÇ 3ÀÇ ÁÖ¹Î
ÅõÇ¥°¡ ¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù. ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ºúÀ» Áú ¼ö ¾øÀ¸´Ï±î, ÀüÀïÀÌ ÀϾ °æ¿ì¿¡, ±¹°¡ ¹æ¾î ȸÀÇ´Â ¿©·¯ ÁÖ¿¡°Ô »ç¶÷°ú
¹°ÀÚ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µ·µµ ³»¶ó°í, ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ´ë·Î ºÎ°úÇÒ ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾î¶² ºÎäµµ 25³âÀÌ ³Ñ°Ô °è¼ÓµÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
| The federal
government cannot go in debt, and a three-fourths referendum is
required before any state can borrow except for purposes of war.
Since the federal government cannot incur debt, in the event of
war the National Council of Defense is empowered to assess the states
for money, as well as for men and materials, as it may be required.
But no debt may run for more than twenty-five years. | |
72:7.8 (815.8)
¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ¸¦ Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ¼ÒµæÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ´Ù¼¸ ±Ù¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±ä´Ù:
| Income to support
the federal government is derived from the following five sources:
| |
72:7.9 (815.9)
1. ¼öÀÔ¼¼. ¸ðµç ¼öÀÔÇ°Àº ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ »ýÈ° ¼öÁØÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ·Á°í °í¾ÈµÈ °ü¼¼¸¦ ¹°¾î¾ß Çϴµ¥, »ýÈ° ¼öÁØÀº ±× Ç༺¿¡¼
´Ù¸¥ ¾î´À ³ª¶óº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ³ô´Ù. »ê¾÷ ±¹È¸ÀÇ ¾ç¿ø(Õ×êÂ)ÀÌ °æÁ¦ »ç¹«¸¦ ¸Ã´Â ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ÃßõÀ» ºñÁØÇÑ µÚ¿¡, ÃÖ°í
»ê¾÷ ÀçÆǼҰ¡ ÀÌ °ü¼¼µéÀ» Á¤Çϴµ¥, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ÀÌ µÎ ÀÔ¹ý ±â°üÀÌ ÇÕµ¿À¸·Î ÀÓ¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù. ³ëµ¿ÀÚ°¡ »ê¾÷À»
´ã´çÇÏ´Â »ó¿øÀ» ¼±ÃâÇÏ°í, ÀÚº»°¡°¡ ÇÏ¿øÀ» ¼±ÃâÇÑ´Ù.
| 1. Import duties.
All imports are subject to a tariff designed to protect the standard
of living on this continent, which is far above that of any other
nation on the planet. These tariffs are set by the highest industrial
court after both houses of the industrial congress have ratified
the recommendations of the chief executive of economic affairs,
who is the joint appointee of these two legislative bodies. The
upper industrial house is elected by labor, the lower by capital.
| |
72:7.10 (816.1)
2. ƯÇã±Ç »ç¿ë·á. ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â 10°³ Áö¿ª ½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼ ¹ß¸í°ú »õ·Î¿î âÀÛÇ°À» ±ÇÀåÇϸç, ¿Â°® Á¾·ùÀÇ ÃµÀ硪¿¹¼ú°¡¤ýÀÛ°¡¤ý°úÇÐÀÚ¡ªµéÀ»
¿øÁ¶ÇÏ°í, ±×µéÀÇ Æ¯Ç㸦 º¸È£ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ´ë½Å¿¡ Á¤ºÎ´Â ±â°è, Ã¥, ¿¹¼ú ÀÛÇ°, ½Ä¹° ¶Ç´Â µ¿¹°¿¡ °ü°èµÇµçÁö »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ,
¸ðµç ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹ß¸í°ú âÀÛÇ°À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±ä ÀÌÀÍÀÇ Àý¹ÝÀ» °¡Áø´Ù.
| 2. Royalties.
The federal government encourages invention and original creations
in the ten regional laboratories, assisting all types of geniuses-artists,
authors, and scientists-and protecting their patents. In return
the government takes one half the profits realized from all such
inventions and creations, whether pertaining to machines, books,
artistry, plants, or animals. | |
72:7.11 (816.2)
3. »ó¼Ó¼¼. ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â Àç»êÀÇ Å©±â¿Í ±âŸ Á¶°Ç¿¡ µû¶ó¼, 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¿¡¼ 50ÆÛ¼¾Æ®±îÁö ´©ÁøµÇ´Â »ó¼Ó¼¼¸¦ ºÎ°úÇÑ´Ù.
| 3. Inheritance
tax. The federal government levies a graduated inheritance tax ranging
from one to fifty per cent, depending on the size of an estate as
well as on other conditions. | |
72:7.12 (816.3)
4. ±º»ç Àåºñ. À°±º ¹× Çرº Àåºñ¸¦ »ó¾÷ ¹× ¿À¶ô ¿ëµµ·Î ºô·Á ÁÜÀ¸·Î »ó´çÇÑ ±Ý¾×À» ¹ø´Ù.
| 4. Military
equipment. The government earns a considerable sum from the leasing
of military and naval equipment for commercial and recreational
usages. | |
72:7.13 (816.4)
5. ÀÚ¿¬ ÀÚ¿ø. ÀÚ¿¬ ÀÚ¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â ¼ÒµæÀº, ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÁÖ ÇåÀå¿¡ ÁöÁ¤µÈ Ưº°ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÀüºÎ ¿ä±¸µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¶§,
³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ±¹°¡ÀÇ ±Ý°í·Î ³Ñ°ÜÁø´Ù.
| 5. Natural
resources. The income from natural resources, when not fully required
for the specific purposes designated in the charter of federal statehood,
is turned into the national treasury. | |
72:7.14 (816.5)
±¹°¡ ¹æ¾î ȸÀÇ°¡ Æò°¡ÇÑ ÀüÀï ±â±ÝÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿¹»êÀº ÀÔ¹ýÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â »ó¿ø¿¡¼ ½ÃÀ۵ǰí, ÇÏ¿øÀÇ µ¿ÀǸ¦
¾ò°í, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ°í, ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ 1¹é ¸íÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¿¬¹æ ¿¹»ê À§¿øȸ°¡ À̸¦ À¯È¿ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù. ÀÌ À§¿øȸÀÇ
ȸ¿øµéÀº ÁÖÁö»çÀÇ Áö¸íÀ» ¹Þ°í, 24³â µ¿¾È ±Ù¹«Çϵµ·Ï ÁÖ ÀÇȸ°¡ ¼±ÃâÇϸç, 4ºÐÀÇ 1À» 6³â¸¶´Ù ¼±ÃâÇÑ´Ù. 6³â¸¶´Ù
ÀÌ ±â°üÀº, 4ºÐÀÇ 3 ÅõÇ¥·Î ±× Áß¿¡¼ ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®·Î ¼±ÅÃÇÏ°í, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ±×´Â ¿¬¹æ À繫ºÎÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚÀÌÀÚ ÅëÁ¦ÀÚ°¡
µÈ´Ù.
| Federal appropriations,
except war funds assessed by the National Council of Defense, are
originated in the upper legislative house, concurred in by the lower
house, approved by the chief executive, and finally validated by
the federal budget commission of one hundred. The members of this
commission are nominated by the state governors and elected by the
state legislatures to serve for twenty-four years, one quarter being
elected every six years. Every six years this body, by a three-fourths
ballot, chooses one of its number as chief, and he thereby becomes
director-controller of the federal treasury. |
8. The Special Colleges In addition to the basic compulsory education program extending from the ages of five to eighteen, special schools are maintained as follows: | ||
72:8.2 (816.7)
1. Á¤Ä¡ Çб³. ÀÌ Çб³µéÀº ±¹°¡¤ýÁö¿ª¤ýÁÖ(ñ¶), ÀÌ ¼¼ µî±ÞÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹°¡ÀÇ °øÁ÷Àº 4 ºÎ¹®À¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÈ´Ù.
°øÁ÷ÀÇ Ã¹Â° ºÎ¹®Àº ÁÖ·Î ±¹°¡ ÇàÁ¤¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀÇ °ü¸®µéÀº ¸ðµÎ, Áö¿ªÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³¿Í ±¹°¡ Á¤Ä¡(ïÙö½)
Çб³¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÑ ÀÚ¶ó¾ß µÈ´Ù. °³ÀεéÀº 10°³ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³ Áß ¾îµðµç Á¹¾÷ÇÏ°í ³ª¼, µÑ° ºÎ¹®¿¡¼, Á¤Ä¡Àû Á÷Ã¥À̳ª,
¼±°Å¸¦ ÅëÇÑ Á÷Ã¥À̳ª ÀÓ¸íµÈ Á÷Ã¥À» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©µµ ÁÁ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ¸Ã´Â ÀÓ¹«´Â Áö¿ª ÇàÁ¤°ú ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Á÷Ã¥¿¡ °ü°èµÈ´Ù.
Á¦3 ºÎ¹®Àº ÁÖ Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á÷Ã¥À̸ç, ±×·¯ÇÑ °ü¸®µéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÁÖÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¼ÒÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù. ³Ý°ÀÌÀÚ ¸¶Áö¸·
ºÎ¹®ÀÇ °ü¸®µéÀº Á¤Ä¡ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¼ÒÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÇÁö ¾Ê°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ Á÷Ã¥Àº ¸ðµÎ Áö¸íµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ·± Á÷Ã¥Àº ÀÛÀº Á¶¼ö ÀÚ¸®,
ºñ¼Á÷, ±â¼ú Á÷Ã¥À̸ç, Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÇàÁ¤ ÀÚ°Ý¿¡¼ È°µ¿ÇÏ´Â ÇÐ½Ä ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ Á÷Á¾ÀÌ ±× ÀÏÀ» ¼öÇàÇÑ´Ù.
| 1. Statesmanship
schools. These schools are of three classes: national, regional,
and state. The public offices of the nation are grouped in four
divisions. The first division of public trust pertains principally
to the national administration, and all officeholders of this group
must be graduates of both regional and national schools of statesmanship.
Individuals may accept political, elective, or appointive office
in the second division upon graduating from any one of the ten regional
schools of statesmanship; their trusts concern responsibilities
in the regional administration and the state governments. Division
three includes state responsibilities, and such officials are only
required to have state degrees of statesmanship. The fourth and
last division of officeholders are not required to hold statesmanship
degrees, such offices being wholly appointive. They represent minor
positions of assistantship, secretaryships, and technical trusts
which are discharged by the various learned professions functioning
in governmental administrative capacities. | |
72:8.3 (816.8)
¼ÒÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿Í ÁÖ ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº ÁÖ(ñ¶)ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³¿¡¼ ¹ÞÀº ÇÐÀ§¸¦ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. »çȸ¤ý±³À°¤ý»ê¾÷ÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ç´Â
»ç¹ý ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº Áö¿ª Çб³ÀÇ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¼ÒÁöÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆǼÒÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº ÀÌ ¸ðµç Á¤Ä¡ Çб³·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÞÀº ÇÐÀ§¸¦
°¡Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
| Judges of
the minor and state courts hold degrees from the state schools of
statesmanship. Judges of the jurisdictional tribunals of social,
educational, and industrial matters hold degrees from the regional
schools. Judges of the federal supreme court must hold degrees from
all these schools of statesmanship. | |
72:8.4 (817.1)
2. öÇÐ Çб³. ÀÌ Çб³µéÀº öÇÐÀÇ Àü´ç(îüÓÑ)°ú ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, °ø°ø ±â´ÉÀ¸·Î¼ ¾ó¸¶Å Á¾±³¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ´Ù.
| 2. Schools
of philosophy. These schools are affiliated with the temples of
philosophy and are more or less associated with religion as a public
function. | |
72:8.5 (817.2)
3. °úÇÐ ±â°ü. ÀÌ ±â¼ú Çб³µéÀº ±³À° ü°èº¸´Ù ¿ÀÈ÷·Á »ê¾÷°ú Á¶Á¤µÇ¸ç, 15 ºÎ¹® ¹Ø¿¡¼ °ü¸®µÈ´Ù.
| 3. Institutions
of science. These technical schools are co-ordinated with industry
rather than with the educational system and are administered under
fifteen divisions. | |
72:8.6 (817.3) 4. Àü¹®Á÷ ÈÆ·Ã Çб³. ÀÌ Æ¯º° ±â°üµéÀº 12 °¡ÁöÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Çй® Á÷Á¾À» À§ÇÏ¿© ±â¼ú ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. | 4. Professional
training schools. These special institutions provide the technical
training for the various learned professions, twelve in number. | |
72:8.7 (817.4)
5. À°±º Çб³¿Í Çرº Çб³. ±¹°¡ º»ºÎ °¡±îÀÌ, ±×¸®°í Çؾȿ¡ ÀÖ´Â 25°³ÀÇ ±º»ç Á߽ɿ¡´Â, 18¼¼ºÎÅÍ 30¼¼±îÁö
ÀÚ¿øÇÏ´Â ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ±º»ç ÈƷÿ¡ Àü³äÇÏ´Â ±â°üµéÀÌ À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù. 25¼¼°¡ µÇ±â Àü¿¡ ÀÌ Çб³µé¿¡ ÀÔÇÐÇÏ·Á¸é ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀÌ
¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù.
| 5. Military
and naval schools. Near the national headquarters and at the twenty-five
coastal military centers are maintained those institutions devoted
to the military training of volunteer citizens from eighteen to
thirty years of age. Parental consent is required before twenty-five
in order to gain entrance to these schools. |
9. The Plan of Universal Suffrage Although candidates for all public offices are restricted to graduates of the state, regional, or federal schools of statesmanship, the progressive leaders of this nation discovered a serious weakness in their plan of universal suffrage and about fifty years ago made constitutional provision for a modified scheme of voting which embraces the following features: | ||
72:9.2 (817.6)
1. 20¼¼ ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¸ðµç ³²ÀÚ¿Í ¿©ÀÚ´Â ÇÑ Ç¥¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ÀÌ ³ªÀÌ°¡ µÇ°í ³ª¼, ¸ðµç ½Ã¹ÎÀº µÎ ÅõÇ¥ Áý´Ü¿¡¼ ȸ¿ø
ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. °æÁ¦ È°µ¿¡ª»ê¾÷¤ýÀü¹®Á÷¤ý³ó¾÷ ¶Ç´Â ¹«¿ª È°µ¿¡ª¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ±×µéÀº ù° Áý´Ü¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Á¤Ä¡¤ýöÇФý»çȸÀû °æÇâ¿¡ µû¶ó¼ µÑ° Áý´Ü¿¡ µé¾î°¡°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌó·³ ¸ðµç ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â ¼±°Å±ÇÀ» °¡Áø ¾î¶² °æÁ¦ Áý´Ü¿¡
¼ÓÇϸç, ÀÌ Á¶ÇÕµéÀº ºñ°æÁ¦ »çȸµé°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, ¼¼ °¡Áö·Î ±Ç·ÂÀÌ ºÐ»êµÈ ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ¾ÆÁÖ ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô ÅëÁ¦µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ
Áý´Ü¿¡ µî·ÏÇÑ °ÍÀº 12³â µ¿¾È ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
| 1. Every man
and woman of twenty years and over has one vote. Upon attaining
this age, all citizens must accept membership in two voting groups:
They will join the first in accordance with their economic function-industrial,
professional, agricultural, or trade; they will enter the second
group according to their political, philosophic, and social inclinations.
All workers thus belong to some economic franchise group, and these
guilds, like the noneconomic associations, are regulated much as
is the national government with its threefold division of powers.
Registration in these groups cannot be changed for twelve years. | |
72:9.3 (817.7)
2. ÁÖÁö»ç ȤÀº Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ Áö¸íÀ» ¹Þ°í ³ª¼, Áö¿ª ÃÖ°í ȸÀÇÀÇ ¸í·É¿¡ µû¶ó¼, »çȸ¿¡ Å©°Ô ºÀ»çÇ߰ųª ¶Ç´Â
Á¤ºÎ¿¡ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ¸é¼ ºñ»óÇÑ ÁöÇý¸¦ º¸ÀÎ °³ÀεéÀº 5³â ÀÌ»óÀÇ ±â°£¸¶´Ù ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¼ö¿©µÈ Ãß°¡ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµµ ÁÁÀ¸¸ç,
±× ÃÊ¿ù ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀº 9À» ³ÑÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¾î´À º¹¼ö ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» °¡Áø ÀÚµµ ±× ÃÖ´ë ÅõÇ¥´Â 10ÀÌ´Ù. °úÇÐÀÚ¤ý¹ß¸í°¡¤ý¼±»ý¤ýöÇÐÀÚ,
¿µÀû ÁöµµÀÚ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ´Ã¾î³ Á¤Ä¡ ±Ç·ÂÀ» ¹ÞÀ½À¸·Î ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ°í ¿µ¿¹¸¦ ¾ò´Â´Ù. Ưº° Çкΰ¡ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ÁÖ´Â °Í°ú ¾ÆÁÖ
ºñ½ÁÇÏ°Ô, ÁÖ¿Í Áö¿ªÀÇ ÃÖ°í ȸÀÇ°¡ ÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁø ½Ã¹Î Ư±ÇÀ» ¼ö¿©Çϴµ¥, ¼ö·ÉÀÚ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ÇÐÀ§¿Í ÇÔ²², ¸ö¼Ò ÀÌ·èÇÑ ¾÷ÀûÀÇ
¸ñ·Ï¿¡ ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ÀÎÁ¤À» ¹Þ´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ »ó¡À» º¸Å´ °Í¿¡ ±àÁö¸¦ ´À³¤´Ù.
| 2. Upon nomination
by the state governors or by the regional executives and by the
mandate of the regional supreme councils, individuals who have rendered
great service to society, or who have demonstrated extraordinary
wisdom in government service, may have additional votes conferred
upon them not oftener than every five years and not to exceed nine
such superfranchises. The maximum suffrage of any multiple voter
is ten. Scientists, inventors, teachers, philosophers, and spiritual
leaders are also thus recognized and honored with augmented political
power. These advanced civic privileges are conferred by the state
and regional supreme councils much as degrees are bestowed by the
special colleges, and the recipients are proud to attach the symbols
of such civic recognition, along with their other degrees, to their
lists of personal achievements. | |
72:9.4 (817.8)
3. ±¤»ê¿¡¼ °Á¦ ³ëµ¿À» Ç϶ó°í ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹ÞÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷, ±×¸®°í ¼¼±ÝÀ¸·Î Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â ¸ðµç Á¤ºÎ °ø¹«¿øÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ
±Ù¹« ±â°£¿¡, ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» ÀҴ´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº 65¼¼¿¡ ¿¬±ÝÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀºÅðÇÏ´Â ³ªÀÌ µç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Àû¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
| 3. All individuals
sentenced to compulsory labor in the mines and all governmental
servants supported by tax funds are, for the periods of such services,
disenfranchised. This does not apply to aged persons who may be
retired on pensions at sixty-five. | |
72:9.5 (817.9)
4. 5³â¸¶´Ù ³½ ¿¬Æò±Õ ¼¼±ÝÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Â ÅõÇ¥±Ç¿¡´Â ´Ù¼¸ µî±ÞÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼¼±ÝÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ³½ ÀÚ´Â 5Ç¥±îÁö Ãß°¡ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀÌ
Çã¶ôµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀÇ ¼ö¿©´Â ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ ÀÎÁ¤°ú »ó°ü ¾øÁö¸¸, ¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ´©±¸µçÁö 10Ç¥°¡ ³Ñ°Ô ´øÁú ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
| 4. There are
five brackets of suffrage reflecting the average yearly taxes paid
for each half-decade period. Heavy taxpayers are permitted extra
votes up to five. This grant is independent of all other recognition,
but in no case can any person cast over ten ballots. | |
72:9.6 (818.1)
5. ÀÌ ¼±°Å±Ç °èȹÀÌ Ã¤ÅõǾúÀ» ¶§, °æÁ¦ ü°è, °ð ±â´ÉÀû ü°è¸¦ ÁöÁöÇÏ°í Áö¿ª ÅõÇ¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ» Æ÷±âÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸ðµç
½Ã¹ÎÀº ÀÌÁ¦ °Åó¿¡ »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ, »ê¾÷¤ý»çȸ, ¶Ç´Â Àü¹®Á÷ Áý´ÜÀÇ È¸¿øÀ¸·Î¼ ÅõÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¡¼ À¯±ÇÀÚ´Â Á¤ºÎÀÇ ½Å·Ú¿Í
Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¸Ã´Â ÀÚ¸®¿¡ °¡Àå ÀÚ°Ý Àִ ȸ¿øµé¸¸ »Ì´Â, ´Ü°áµÇ°í ¹¶ÃÄÁø ÃѸíÇÑ Áý´ÜÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ±â´É ÅõÇ¥±Ç, °ð
Áý´Ü ÅõÇ¥±Ç °èȹ¿¡ ÇÑ °¡Áö ¿¹¿Ü°¡ ÀÖ´Ù: 6³â¸¶´Ù ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â Àü±¹ ÅõÇ¥·Î ¼±ÃâµÇ¸ç, ¾î´À ½Ã¹Îµµ ÇÑ Ç¥¹Û¿¡
´øÁöÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
| 5. At the
time this franchise plan was adopted, the territorial method of
voting was abandoned in favor of the economic or functional system.
All citizens now vote as members of industrial, social, or professional
groups, regardless of their residence. Thus the electorate consists
of solidified, unified, and intelligent groups who elect only their
best members to positions of governmental trust and responsibility.
There is one exception to this scheme of functional or group suffrage:
The election of a federal chief executive every six years is by
nation-wide ballot, and no citizen casts over one vote. | |
72:9.7 (818.2)
ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ¼±°Å¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ÀÌó·³ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀº ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ °æÁ¦Àû¤ýÁ÷¾÷Àû¤ýÁöÀû¤ý»çȸÀû ºÐ·ù¿¡ µû¶ó¼ Çà»çµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ
±¹°¡´Â À¯±âüÀ̸ç, ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°í ÁöÀûÀÎ ¸ðµç ½Ã¹Î Áý´ÜÀº ±×º¸´Ù Å« À¯±âüÀÎ Á¤ºÎ ¾È¿¡¼ ÇϳªÀÇ Áß´ëÇÏ°í ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ±â°ü(Ðïί)À»
´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.
| Thus, except
in the election of the chief executive, suffrage is exercised by
economic, professional, intellectual, and social groupings of the
citizenry. The ideal state is organic, and every free and intelligent
group of citizens represents a vital and functioning organ within
the larger governmental organism. | |
72:9.8 (818.3)
Á¤Ä¡ Çб³µéÀº °áÇÔÀÌ Àְųª, °ÔÀ¸¸£°Å³ª, ¹«°ü½ÉÇϰųª, ¹üÁ˼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¾î¶² °³ÀÎÇÑÅ×¼µµ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» »©¾ÑÀ» Àǵµ¸¦ °¡Áö°í,
¹ýÀû ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ÁÖ ÀçÆǼҿ¡¼ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ±ÇÇÑÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇÑ ³ª¶óÀÇ 50ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡ ¿µîÇϰųª °áÇÔÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼
ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» °¡Áú ¶§, ±×·± ³ª¶ó°¡ ¸ÁÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Çì¾Æ¸°´Ù. ±×µéÀº Æò¹üÀÌ Áö¹èÇÏ¸é ¾î¶² ³ª¶óµµ ¸ê¸ÁÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù.
ÅõÇ¥´Â Àǹ«À̸ç, ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¹«°Å¿î ¹ú±ÝÀÌ ºÎ°úµÈ´Ù.
| The schools
of statesmanship have power to start proceedings in the state courts
looking toward the disenfranchisement of any defective, idle, indifferent,
or criminal individual. These people recognize that, when fifty
per cent of a nation is inferior or defective and possesses the
ballot, such a nation is doomed. They believe the dominance of mediocrity
spells the downfall of any nation. Voting is compulsory, heavy fines
being assessed against all who fail to cast their ballots. |
72:10.1 (818.4) ÀÌ Á¾Á·ÀÌ ¹üÁË, ±¤±â(ÎÊѨ), Åðȸ¦ ´Ù·ç´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾î¶² ¸é¿¡¼ À¯ÄèÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ, ´Ù¸¥ ¸é¿¡¼´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀο¡°Ô Ãæ°ÝÀÓÀÌ µå·¯³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹üÁËÀÚ¿Í °áÇÔ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¸¦ º¸Åë ¼ºº°¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ´Ù¸¥ ³ó¾÷ ½Ä¹ÎÁö¿¡ º¸³»¸ç, ±×µéÀº ÀÚ±ÞÇÏ°íµµ ³²´Â´Ù. ±×º¸´Ù ´õ ½É°¢ÇÑ ½À°ü¼º ¹üÁËÀÚ¿Í Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀÌ ¹ÌÄ£ ÀÚ´Â Á×ÀÌ´Â °¡½º ¹æ¿¡¼ Á×µµ·Ï ÀçÆǼҿ¡¼ ¼±°í¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. »ìÀÎÀº º°µµ·Î ÇÏ°í, Á¤ºÎÀÇ ½ÅÀÓÀ» Àú¹ö¸®´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇؼ, ¼ö¸¹Àº ¹üÁË°¡ ¶ÇÇÑ »çÇü(ÞÝúý)À» ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ÆÇ°áÀÇ ½ÃÇàÀº ºÐ¸íÇÏ°í ºü¸£´Ù. | 10. Dealing with Crime The methods of this people in dealing with crime, insanity, and degeneracy, while in some ways pleasing, will, no doubt, in others prove shocking to most Urantians. Ordinary criminals and the defectives are placed, by sexes, in different agricultural colonies and are more than self-supporting. The more serious habitual criminals and the incurably insane are sentenced to death in the lethal gas chambers by the courts. Numerous crimes aside from murder, including betrayal of governmental trust, also carry the death penalty, and the visitation of justice is sure and swift. | |
72:10.2 (818.5)
ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ¹ýÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àû ½Ã´ë·ÎºÎÅÍ ±àÁ¤Àû ½Ã´ë·Î Áö³ª°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿äÁîÀ½¿¡ ±×µéÀº »ìÀΰú Å« ¹üÁ˸¦ ÀúÁö¸¦ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ
ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ±¸·ù ½Ä¹ÎÁö¿¡¼ Á¾½ÅÀ¸·Î ±Ù¹«Çϵµ·Ï ¼±°íÇÏ¿© ¹üÁË ¹æÁö¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÒ Á¤µµ±îÁö À̸£·¶´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ
Á˼öµéÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ ´õ Á¤»óÀ¸·Î µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸À̸é, °¡¼®¹æ(Ê£à·Û¯)µÇ°Å³ª »ç¸éÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ »ìÀÎÀ²Àº
´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÇ °Ü¿ì 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®ÀÌ´Ù.
| These people
are passing out of the negative into the positive era of law. Recently
they have gone so far as to attempt the prevention of crime by sentencing
those who are believed to be potential murderers and major criminals
to life service in the detention colonies. If such convicts subsequently
demonstrate that they have become more normal, they may be either
paroled or pardoned. The homicide rate on this continent is only
one per cent of that among the other nations. | |
72:10.3 (818.6)
Á˼ö¿Í °áÇÔ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀÇ ¹ø½ÄÀ» ¸·À¸·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀÌ 1¹é ³âµµ ´õ Àü¿¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú°í, ÀÌ¹Ì ÈíÁ·ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ³º¾Ò´Ù. ¹ÌÄ£
»ç¶÷À» À§ÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¹«·± °¨¿ÁÀ̳ª º´¿øÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÇÑ °¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯´Â, ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀÌ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °ÍÀÇ °Ü¿ì 10ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¹Û¿¡
¾È µÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
| Efforts to
prevent the breeding of criminals and defectives were begun over
one hundred years ago and have already yielded gratifying results.
There are no prisons or hospitals for the insane. For one reason,
there are only about ten per cent as many of these groups as are
found on Urantia. |
72:11.1 (818.7) ±¹°¡ ¹æ¾î ȸÀÇÀÇ ÃÑÀç´Â ¿¬¹æ ±º»ç Çб³ÀÇ Á¹¾÷»ýµéÀ» ´É·Â°ú °æÇè¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ÀÏ°ö °è±ÞÀ¸·Î, ¡°¹®¸íÀÇ ¼öÈ£ÀÚ¡±·Î ÀÓ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ´Â 25¸íÀÇ È¸¿øÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î Àִµ¥, °¡Àå ³ôÀº ºÎ¸ð ÀçÆǼÒ, ±³À° ÀçÆǼÒ, »ê¾÷ ÀçÆǼҰ¡ ±×µéÀ» Áö¸íÇÏ°í, ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ À̸¦ È®ÀÎÇØ ÁÖ¸ç, ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼ Á¶Á¤µÈ ±º»ç(ÏÚÞÀ) Âü¸ðÁøÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®°¡ Á÷±Ç»ó ÀÇÀåÀ» ¸Ã´Â´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ È¸¿øµéÀº 70¼¼°¡ µÇ±â±îÁö ±Ù¹«ÇÑ´Ù. | 11. Military Preparedness Graduates of the federal military schools may be commissioned as "guardians of civilization" in seven ranks, in accordance with ability and experience, by the president of the National Council of Defense. This council consists of twenty-five members, nominated by the highest parental, educational, and industrial tribunals, confirmed by the federal supreme court, and presided over ex officio by the chief of staff of co-ordinated military affairs. Such members serve until they are seventy years of age. | |
72:11.2 (819.1)
±×·¯ÇÑ ÀÓ¸í¹ÞÀº Àå±³µéÀÌ Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤Àº 4³â °É¸®°í, º¯ÇÔ¾øÀÌ ¾î¶² »ó¾÷À̳ª Àü¹®Á÷ÀÇ Åë´Þ°ú °ü°èµÈ´Ù. °ü°èµÈ ÀÌ
»ê¾÷¤ý°úÇÐ, ¶Ç´Â Àü¹®Á÷ÀÇ ±³À°À» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í´Â ±º»ç ÈÆ·ÃÀ» °áÄÚ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±º»ç ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ ³¡³µÀ» ¶§, °³ÀÎÀº 4³â
°úÁ¤ µ¿¾È¿¡, ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î °úÁ¤ÀÌ 4³â °É¸®´Â ¾î´À Ưº° Çб³¿¡¼ ³ª´©¾î ÁÖ´Â ±³À°ÀÇ Àý¹ÝÀ» ¹ÞÀº °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î
±â¼ú ¶Ç´Â Àü¹®Á÷ ÈÆ·ÃÀÇ Ã³À½ Àý¹ÝÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡, ´Ù¼öÀÇ ³²Àڵ鿡°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºÎ¾çÇÒ ±âȸ¸¦ ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁÜÀ¸·Î, Á÷¾÷
±ºÀÎ °è±ÞÀÇ Ã¢¼³À» ÇÇÇÑ´Ù.
| The courses
pursued by such commissioned officers are four years in length and
are invariably correlated with the mastery of some trade or profession.
Military training is never given without this associated industrial,
scientific, or professional schooling. When military training is
finished, the individual has, during his four years' course, received
one half of the education imparted in any of the special schools
where the courses are likewise four years in length. In this way
the creation of a professional military class is avoided by providing
this opportunity for a large number of men to support themselves
while securing the first half of a technical or professional training.
| |
72:11.3 (819.2)
ÆòÈ ½ÃÀý¿¡ ±º´ë º¹¹«´Â ¼øÀüÈ÷ ÀÚ¿øÀ̸ç, ¾î´À ÁöºÎ¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ º¹¹«´Â 4³â µ¿¾ÈÀÌ´Ù. ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ¸ðµç ³²ÀÚ´Â
±º»ç Àü¼úÀ» Åë´ÞÇÏ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡ ¾î´À Ưº°ÇÑ Á÷Á¾ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÑ´Ù. À½¾Ç ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀº Áß¾Ó ±º»ç Çб³¿¡¼, ±×¸®°í
±× ´ë·úÀÇ º¯µÎ¸® ±Ùó¿¡ Èð¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Â 25°³ ÈƷüҿ¡¼, ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Áñ°Å¿ò Áß¿¡ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. »ê¾÷ÀÌ ÇÑ»êÇÑ ±â°£¿¡ ¼öõ
¸íÀÇ ½Ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ À°Áö¿Í ¹Ù´Ù¿Í °øÁß¿¡¼ ´ë·úÀÇ ±º»ç ¹æ¾î¸¦ °ÈÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù.
| Military service
during peacetime is purely voluntary, and the enlistments in all
branches of the service are for four years, during which every man
pursues some special line of study in addition to the mastery of
military tactics. Training in music is one of the chief pursuits
of the central military schools and of the twenty-five training
camps distributed about the periphery of the continent. During periods
of industrial slackness many thousands of unemployed are automatically
utilized in upbuilding the military defenses of the continent on
land and sea and in the air. | |
72:11.4 (819.3)
µÑ·¯½Ñ Àû´ë ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ Ä§°ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ¾î·Î¼ ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °·ÂÇÑ ÀüÀï ½Ã¼³À» À¯ÁöÇÏÁö¸¸, 1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï ±×µéÀÌ ÀÌ
±º»ç ÀÚ¿øÀ» °ø°ÝÇÏ´Â ÀüÀï¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±×µéÀÇ ¸í¿¹·Î ±â·ÏÇصµ ÁÁ´Ù. ÀüÀï ´É·ÂÀ» °ø°Ý¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ·Á´Â À¯È¤¿¡
¹«¸ ²ÝÁö ¾Ê°í¼, ¹®¸íÀ» ÈûÂ÷°Ô Áöų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Á¡±îÁö ±×µéÀº ¹®¸íȵǾú´Ù. ÅëÀÏµÈ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡°¡ ¼¼¿öÁø ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¾Æ¹«
³»¶õÀÌ ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸, ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº Áö³ 2¼¼±â µ¿¾È ¾ÆÈ© ¹øÀ̳ª ¸Í·ÄÈ÷ ¹æ¾î ÀüÀïÀ» ¼öÇàÇϵµ·Ï ¿ä±¸µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±× °¡¿îµ¥
¼ÂÀº °·ÂÇÑ ¼¼°è ¿°ÀÇ ¿¬¹æ¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ºñ·Ï ÀÌ ³ª¶ó°¡ Àû´ëÇÏ´Â ÀÌ¿ôµéÀÇ °ø°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇؼ ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹æ¾î¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏÁö¸¸,
±× ³ª¶ó´Â Á¤Ä¡°¡¤ý°úÇÐÀÚ¤ýöÇÐÀÚ¸¦ ÈÆ·ÃÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀδÙ.
| Although these
people maintain a powerful war establishment as a defense against
invasion by the surrounding hostile peoples, it may be recorded
to their credit that they have not in over one hundred years employed
these military resources in an offensive war. They have become civilized
to that point where they can vigorously defend civilization without
yielding to the temptation to utilize their war powers in aggression.
There have been no civil wars since the establishment of the united
continental state, but during the last two centuries these people
have been called upon to wage nine fierce defensive conflicts, three
of which were against mighty confederations of world powers. Although
this nation maintains adequate defense against attack by hostile
neighbors, it pays far more attention to the training of statesmen,
scientists, and philosophers. | |
72:11.5 (819.4)
¼¼°è¿Í Æòȸ¦ ´©¸®°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§, À̵¿ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ¹æ¾î ÀåÄ¡´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¹«¿ª¤ý»ó¾÷¤ý¿À¶ô¿¡ °í¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÀüÀïÀÌ
¼±Æ÷µÉ ¶§´Â ³ª¶ó Àüü°¡ µ¿¿øµÈ´Ù. ÀüÀï ±â°£À» ÅëÇؼ ³»³», ¸ðµç »ê¾÷¿¡¼ ±º´ë ÀÓ±ÝÀÌ ÁöºÒµÇ¸ç, ¸ðµç ±º»ç ºÐ°úÀÇ
¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®µéÀº ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ³»°¢¿¡¼ ȸ¿øÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
| When at peace
with the world, all mobile defense mechanisms are quite fully employed
in trade, commerce, and recreation. When war is declared, the entire
nation is mobilized. Throughout the period of hostilities military
pay obtains in all industries, and the chiefs of all military departments
become members of the chief executive's cabinet. |
12. The Other Nations Although the society and government of this unique people are in many respects superior to those of the Urantia nations, it should be stated that on the other continents (there are eleven on this planet) the governments are decidedly inferior to the more advanced nations of Urantia. | ||
72:12.2 (819.6)
ÀÌÁ¦ ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÑ Á¤ºÎ´Â ¿µîÇÑ ¹ÎÁ·µé°ú ´ë»ç(ÓÞÞÅ) °ü°è¸¦ ¼¼¿ì·Á°í °èȹÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µÑ·¯½Ñ ÀÌ ³ª¶óµé¿¡ ¼±±³»ç¸¦
º¸³»ÀÚ°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â Å« Á¾±³ ÁöµµÀÚ°¡ óÀ½À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ¿ì¼öÇÑ ¹®È¿Í Á¾±³¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô °¿äÇÏ·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇßÀ» ¶§,
Çã´ÙÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀúÁö¸¥ À߸øÀ» ±×µéÀÌ ¹Ù¾ßÈå·Î ÀúÁö¸£·Á ÇÑ´Ù°í ¿ì¸®´Â »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. Áøº¸µÈ ¹®È¸¦ °¡Áø ÀÌ ´ë·ú
±¹°¡°¡ ±×Àú ³ª°¡¼ ÀÌ¿ô ¹ÎÁ·µé °¡¿îµ¥¼ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀ» µ¥¸®°í ¿Í¼, ±×µéÀ» ±³À°½ÃŲ ´ÙÀ½¿¡, µÚóÁø ÇüÁ¦µé¿¡°Ô
¹®ÈÀÇ ¹Ð»ç(ÚËÞÅ)·Î µ¹·Áº¸³»±â¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ÀÌ ¼¼°è¿¡¼ ¾ó¸¶³ª ³î¶ó¿î ÀÏÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î! ¸»ÇÒ °Íµµ ¾øÀÌ,
½ÉÆÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ Áøº¸µÈ ÀÌ ³ª¶ó¿¡ °ð ¿Â´Ù¸é, Å« ÀÏÀÌ ÀÌ ¼¼°è¿¡ »¡¸® ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
| Just now this
superior government is planning to establish ambassadorial relations
with the inferior peoples, and for the first time a great religious
leader has arisen who advocates the sending of missionaries to these
surrounding nations. We fear they are about to make the mistake
that so many others have made when they have endeavored to force
a superior culture and religion upon other races. What a wonderful
thing could be done on this world if this continental nation of
advanced culture would only go out and bring to itself the best
of the neighboring peoples and then, after educating them, send
them back as emissaries of culture to their benighted brethren!
Of course, if a Magisterial Son should soon come to this advanced
nation, great things could quickly happen on this world. | |
72:12.3 (820.1)
À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ¹®¸íÀ» Çâ»óÇÏ°í Á¤ºÎÀÇ Áøȸ¦ º¸°ÇÏ·Á´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î Ưº° Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°í¼, ÀÌ ÀÌ¿ô Ç༺ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» À̾߱âÇÑ´Ù.
ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÎÀÇ °ü½ÉÀ» ²ø°í Èï¹Ì¸¦ ÀھƳ»°Ô ÇÒ ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» ´Ã¾î³õÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥´Â
¿ì¸®°¡ Çã¶ô¹ÞÀº ¸í·ÉÀÇ ¹üÀ§±îÁö ´Ù·é´Ù.
| This recital
of the affairs of a neighboring planet is made by special permission
with the intent of advancing civilization and augmenting governmental
evolution on Urantia. Much more could be narrated that would no
doubt interest and intrigue Urantians, but this disclosure covers
the limits of our permissive mandate. | |
72:12.4 (820.2)
±×·¯³ª À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÎÀº »çŸ´Ï¾Æ ü°è¿¡¼ ±× ÀڸŠ±¸Ã¼°¡ ÆĶó´ÙÀ̽º ¾ÆµéµéÀÇ ½ÉÆÇ°ü ÀÓ¹«³ª ¼ö¿© ÀÓ¹«ÀÇ ÇýÅÃÀ» ¾òÁö ¸øÇß´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» »ìÆì¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¿©·¯ ¹ÎÁ·Àº, ÀÌ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡¸¦ ±× Ç༺ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµé°ú ±¸º°ÇÏ´Â °Í °°Àº ±×·± ¹®ÈÀû
Â÷ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼·Î ºÐ¸®µÇÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
| Urantians
should, however, take note that their sister sphere in the Satania
family has benefited by neither magisterial nor bestowal missions
of the Paradise Sons. Neither are the various peoples of Urantia
set off from each other by such disparity of culture as separates
the continental nation from its planetary fellows. | |
72:12.5 (820.3)
Áø¸®ÀÇ ¿µÀÌ ºÎ¾îÁø °ÍÀº ÁÖ¸¦ ¼ö¿©¹ÞÀº ¼¼°è¿¡¼ Àηù¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© Å« ¾÷ÀûÀ» ÀÌ·èÇÒ ¿µÀû ±âÃʸ¦ ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. µû¶ó¼
À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ´Â ¹ý·ü, ±â°è ÀåÄ¡, »ó¡¤ý°ü½À¤ý¾ð¾î¿Í ¾Æ¿ï·¯, Ç༺ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ¸¦ ´õ »¡¸® ½ÇÇöÇϵµ·Ï Áغñ°¡ ÈξÀ ´õ Àß µÇ¾î
ÀÖ´Ù¡ªÀÌ ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¹ý ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼ ¼¼°è¿¡ µÎ·ç Æòȸ¦ ÀÌ·èÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾ÆÁÖ ÈûÂ÷°Ô À̹ÙÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¿µÀû ³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ïÀÌ´Â
ÁøÂ¥ ½Ã´ë°¡ ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ¹à¾Æ¿Àµµ·Ï À̲ø ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ½Ã´ë´Â ºû°ú »ý¸íÀÇ ½Ã´ë, Ç༺¿¡¼ À¯ÅäÇÇ¾Æ ½Ã´ë·Î À̲ô´Â ¹®ÅÎÀÌ´Ù.
| The pouring
out of the Spirit of Truth provides the spiritual foundation for
the realization of great achievements in the interests of the human
race of the bestowal world. Urantia is therefore far better prepared
for the more immediate realization of a planetary government with
its laws, mechanisms, symbols, conventions, and language-all of
which could contribute so mightily to the establishment of world-wide
peace under law and could lead to the sometime dawning of a real
age of spiritual striving; and such an age is the planetary threshold
to the utopian ages of light and life. | |
72:12.6 (820.4)
[³×¹Ùµ·ÀÇ ÇÑ ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù.]
| [Presented
by a Melchizedek of Nebadon.] |