Á¦
72 Æí
ÀÌ¿ô Ȥ¼º¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Á¤ºÎ
72:0.1 (808.1) ¶ó³ªÆ÷ÁöÀÇ Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°í, ¿¡µ§½Ã¾Æ ÃÖ°íÀÚµéÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¼, »çŸ´Ï¾Æ ü°è¿¡ ¼ÓÇϰí
±×¸® ¸ÖÁö ¾ÊÀº ¾î´À Ç༺¿¡¼ »ç´Â Àηù, °¡Àå Áøº¸µÈ ÀηùÀÇ »çȸ, µµ´ö ¹× Á¤Ä¡ »ýȰ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ³ª´Â ¾ó¸¶Å
À̾߱âÇÒ Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
72:0.2 (808.2) ·ç½ÃÆÛ
¹Ý¶õ¿¡ Âü¿©Ç߱⠶§¹®¿¡ °í¸³µÈ »çŸ´Ï¾ÆÀÇ ¸ðµç ¼¼°è Áß¿¡¼, ÀÌ Ç༺Àº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿Í ¸Å¿ì ºñ½ÁÇÑ ¿ª»ç¸¦ °ÅÃÆ´Ù.
µÎ ±¸Ã¼ÀÇ ºñ½ÁÇÑ Á¡Àº ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ, ¾î°¼ ÀÌ Æ¯º° ¹ßÇ¥°¡ Àΰ¡µÇ¾ú´Â°¡ ¼³¸íÇÑ´Ù. ¿Ö³ÄÇϸé ü°è ÅëÄ¡ÀÚµéÀÌ
ÇÑ Ç༺¿¡¼, ´Ù¸¥ Ç༺ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» À̾߱âÇÏ´Â µ¥ Âù¼ºÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾ÆÁÖ µå¹® ÀÏÀ̱⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
72:0.3 (808.3) À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÃ³·³
ÀÌ Ç༺Àº, ·ç½ÃÆÛ ¹Ý¶õ°ú °ü·ÃÇÏ¿©, ±× Ç༺ ¿µÁÖ°¡ ºÒÃæÇÔÀ¸·Î À߸øµÈ ±æ¿¡ µé¾î¼¹´Ù. ½ÉÆÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ ±× ÇÊ»ç
¹ÎÁ·µé¿¡°Ô ÇÑ ¹øµµ ¼ö¿©µÈ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ¾Æ´ãÀÌ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡ ¿Â µÚ¿¡ °ð, ±× Ç༺Àº ÇÑ ¹°Áú ¾ÆµéÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í,
ÀÌ ¾Æµéµµ Á÷¹«¸¦ ÀÌÇàÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ¿© ±× ±¸Ã¼°¡ °í¸³µÇ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
Paper 72
Government on a Neighboring Planet
72:0.1 By permission of Lanaforge and with the approval of the
Most Highs of Edentia, I am authorized to narrate something
of the social, moral, and political life of the most advanced
human race living on a not far-distant planet belonging to the
Satania system.
72:0.2 Of all the Satania worlds which became isolated because
of participation in the Lucifer rebellion, this planet has experienced
a history most like that of Urantia. The similarity of the two
spheres undoubtedly explains why permission to make this extraordinary
presentation was granted, for it is most unusual for the system
rulers to consent to the narration on one planet of the affairs
of another.
72:0.3 This planet, like Urantia, was led astray by the disloyalty
of its Planetary Prince in connection with the Lucifer rebellion.
It received a Material Son shortly after Adam came to Urantia,
and this Son also defaulted, leaving the sphere isolated, since
a Magisterial Son has never been bestowed upon its mortal races.
|
1.
´ë·ú ±¹°¡
72:1.1 (808.4) Ç༺¿¡ ÀÌ ¸ðµç Àå¾Ö°¡
ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥µµ, ¾ÆÁÖ ¿ì¼öÇÑ ¹®¸íÀÌ ´ëü·Î ¿À½ºÆ®¶ö¸®¾Æ Å©±âÀÇ °í¸³µÈ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ¹ßÀüµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ Àα¸´Â
¾à 1¾ï4õ¸¸ÀÌ´Ù. °Å±â¿¡ »ç´Â ¹ÎÁ·Àº È¥ÇÕµÈ Á¾Á·À̰í, ÁַΠûÀΰú ȲÀÎÀ̸ç, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ À̸¥¹Ù ¹éÀÎÁ¾º¸´Ù
Á¶±Ý ´õ º¸¶óÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÌ ³ô´Ù. ÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ Á¾Á·µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ ¼·Î ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¼¯ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, ¾ÆÁÖ ÈíÁ·ÇÏ°Ô »ç±Í°í Ä£±³ÇÑ´Ù.
ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ Æò±Õ ¼ö¸íÀº ÀÌÁ¦ 90³âÀ̸ç, ±× Ç༺¿¡¼ »ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¾î´À ¹ÎÁ·º¸´Ùµµ 15ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡ ±æ´Ù.
72:1.2 (808.5) ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ
»ê¾÷ ±â±¸´Â ±× ´ë·úÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ÁöÇü(ò¢û¡)À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â ¾î¶² Å« ÀÌÁ¡À» ´©¸°´Ù. 1³â¿¡ 8°³¿ù µ¿¾È ºñ°¡
¸¹ÀÌ ³»¸®´Â ³ôÀº »êµéÀº ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ ÇѰ¡¿îµ¥¿¡ ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ¹èÄ¡´Â ¼ö·Â(â©Õô)ÀÇ ÀÌ¿ëÀ» À¯¸®ÇϰÔ
¸¸µé°í, ±× ´ë·úÀÇ °ÇÁ¶ÇÑ ¼ÂÊ 4ºÐÀÇ 1¿¡ ¹° ´ë´Â °ÍÀ» Å©°Ô ¼ö¿ùÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù.
72:1.3 (808.6) ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº
ÀÚ±Þ ÀÚÁ·ÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù½Ã ¸»Çؼ µÑ·¯½Ñ ³ª¶óµé·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ ¼öÀÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í¼ ¾ðÁ¦±îÁö³ª »ì ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÁöÇÏ ÀÚ¿øÀº
ÃæºÐÇϸç, °úÇÐ ±â¼ú·Î ±×µéÀº »ýȰ ÇʼöǰÀÇ ºÎÁ·À» ¾î¶»°Ô ¸Þ¿ì´Â°¡ ¹è¿ü´Ù. ±¹³» »ó¾÷Àº Ȱ¹ßÇÏÁö¸¸, Àڱ⺸´Ù
´ú Áøº¸µÈ ÀÌ¿ôµéÀÌ µÎ·ç Àû°³½ÉÀ» °¡Á³±â ¶§¹®¿¡ °ÅÀÇ ¿Ü±¹°ú ¹«¿ªÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
72:1.4 (808.7) ÀÌ ´ë·ú
±¹°¡´Â, ´ëü·Î ±× Ç༺ÀÇ ÁøÈ Ãß¼¼¸¦ µû¶ú´Ù. ºÎÁ· ´Ü°è·ÎºÎÅÍ °·ÂÇÑ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ¿Í ¿ÕµéÀÌ µîÀåÇϱâ±îÁö ¹ßÀüÇÏ´Â
µ¥ ¸îõ ³âÀÌ °É·È´Ù. ¿©·¯ ´Ù¸¥ üÁ¦ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ°¡ Àý´ë ±ÇÇÑÀ» °¡Áø ±ºÁÖµéÀ» À̾î¹Þ¾Ò´Ù¡ªÀ¯»êµÈ °øÈ±¹°ú °øµ¿Ã¼
±¹°¡, ±×¸®°í µ¶ÀçÀÚµéÀÌ ³¡¾øÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ ¿À°í°¬´Ù. ÀÌ ¼ºÀåÀº ¾à 5¹é ³â Àü±îÁö °è¼ÓµÇ¾ú´Âµ¥, ±×¶§ Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀ¸·Î
½Ã²ô·¯¿î ±â°£¿¡, ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ °·ÂÇÑ ¼¼ ±Ç·ÂÀÚÀÎ ÁýÁ¤°üµé °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª°¡ ¸¶À½À» °íÃĸԾú´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚµé Áß¿¡
Çϳª, °ð ³ª¸ÓÁö µÑ °¡¿îµ¥ ´õ ³·Àº ÀÚµµ ±Ç·ÂÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ºñ¿î´Ù´Â Á¶°ÇÀ¸·Î ±×°¡ ¾çÀ§ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ÀÚûÇß´Ù. ÀÌó·³
±× ´ë·úÀÇ ÅëÄ¡±ÇÀÌ ÇÑ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚÀÇ ¼Õ¿¡ Áã¾îÁ³´Ù. ±× ÅëÇÕµÈ ±¹°¡´Â 1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï °·ÂÇÑ ±ºÁÖ Á¤Ä¡ ¹Ø¿¡¼
Áøº¸Çß°í, ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ÈǸ¢ÇÑ ÀÚÀ¯ ÇåÀåÀÌ ÁøÈÇÏ¿´´Ù.
72:1.5 (809.1) ±× µÚ¿¡
±ºÁÖÁ¦·ÎºÎÅÍ ´ëÀÇÁ¤Ä¡ ÇüÅ·Π³Ñ¾î °¡´Â °ÍÀº Â÷Ãû ÀϾ°í, ÀÓ±ÝÀº °Ü¿ì »çȸÀûÀ̳ª °¨»óÀûÀÎ, À̸§ »ÓÀÎ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®·Î
³²¾ÒÀ¸¸ç, ³²ÀÚ ÈļÕÀÇ ¾¾°¡ ¸»¶úÀ» ¶§ ¸¶Ä§³» »ç¶óÁ® ¹ö·È´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀÖ´Â °øÈ±¹Àº ²À 2¹é ³â µ¿¾È Á¸ÀçÇØ
¿Ô´Âµ¥, ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ À̾߱âÇÏ·Á´Â Á¤Ä¡ ±â¹ýÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© ÁÙ°ð Áøº¸°¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í »ê¾÷°ú Á¤Ä¡ ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼
ÃÖ±ÙÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀÌ Áö³ 10³â µ¿¾È¿¡ ÀϾ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
1. The Continental Nation
72:1.1 Notwithstanding all these planetary
handicaps a very superior civilization is evolving on an isolated
continent about the size of Australia. This nation numbers about
140 million. Its people are a mixed race, predominantly blue
and yellow, having a slightly greater proportion of violet than
the so-called white race of Urantia. These different races are
not yet fully blended, but they fraternize and socialize very
acceptably. The average length of life on this continent is
now ninety years, fifteen per cent higher than that of any other
people on the planet.
72:1.2 The industrial mechanism of this nation enjoys a certain
great advantage derived from the unique topography of the continent.
The high mountains, on which heavy rains fall eight months in
the year, are situated at the very center of the country. This
natural arrangement favors the utilization of water power and
greatly facilitates the irrigation of the more arid western
quarter of the continent.
72:1.3 These people are self-sustaining, that is, they can live
indefinitely without import!ing anything from the surrounding
nations. Their natural resources are replete, and by scientific
techniques they have learned how to compensate for their deficiencies
in the essentials of life. They enjoy a brisk domestic commerce
but have little foreign trade owing to the universal hostility
of their less progressive neighbors.
72:1.4 This continental nation, in general, followed the evolutionary
trend of the planet: The development from the tribal stage to
the appearance of strong rulers and kings occupied thousands
of years. The unconditional monarchs were succeeded by many
different orders of government-abortive republics, communal
states, and dictators came and went in endless profusion. This
growth continued until about five hundred years ago when, during
a politically fermenting period, one of the nation's powerful
dictator-triumvirs had a change of heart. He volunteered to
abdicate upon condition that one of the other rulers, the baser
of the remaining two, also vacate his dictatorship. Thus was
the sovereignty of the continent placed in the hands of one
ruler. The unified state progressed under strong monarchial
rule for over one hundred years, during which there evolved
a masterful charter of liberty.
72:1.5 The subsequent transition from monarchy to a representative
form of government was gradual, the kings remaining as mere
social or sentimental figureheads, finally disappearing when
the male line of descent ran out. The present republic has now
been in existence just two hundred years, during which time
there has been a continuous progression toward the governmental
techniques about to be narrated, the last developments in industrial
and political realms having been made within the past decade.
|
2.
Á¤Ä¡ Á¶Á÷
72:2.1 (809.2) ÀÌ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡´Â ÀÌÁ¦
´ëÀÇ(ÓÛì¡) Á¦µµÀÇ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÀÖ°í, ³ª¶óÀÇ ¼¿ïÀº Á߽ɿ¡ ÀÚ¸®Àâ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Áß¾Ó Á¤ºÎ´Â ºñ±³Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Î¿î 1¹é ÁÖ(ñ¶)·Î
µÈ °·ÂÇÑ ¿¬¹æÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ¿©·¯ ÁÖ´Â ÁÖÁö»ç¿Í ÀÔ¹ý°¡¸¦ »Ì°í ÀÓ±â´Â 10³âÀ̸ç, ¾Æ¹«µµ Àç¼±µÉ
ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÁÖÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº ÁÖÁö»ç·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¾½ÅÀ¸·Î ÀÓ¸í¹Þ°í ÀÔ¹ýºÎÀÇ È®ÀÎÀ» ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ ÀÔ¹ýºÎ´Â ½Ã¹Î 10¸¸
¸í¿¡ ÇÑ ¸í¾¿ »ÌÀº ´ëÇ¥µé·Î ±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù.
72:2.2 (809.3) µµ½ÃÀÇ Å©±â¿¡ µû¶ó µµ½Ã Á¤ºÎ¿¡´Â ´Ù¼¸ °¡Áö ´Ù¸¥ Á¾·ù°¡ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾î´À µµ½Ãµµ 1¹é¸¸ÀÌ
³Ñ°Ô °ÅÁÖÀÚ¸¦ °¡Áö´Â °ÍÀÌ Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. Àüü·Î º¸¾Æ¼, ÀÌ µµ½Ã¸¦ ´Ù½º¸®´Â °èȹÀº ¾ÆÁÖ °£´ÜÇϰí, Á÷Á¢À̰í
°æÁ¦ÀûÀÌ´Ù. °¡Àå ³ôÀº ºÎ·ùÀÇ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀÌ µµ½Ã ÇàÁ¤ÀÇ ¸î °¡Áö °øÁ÷À» Ä¡¿ÇÏ°Ô Ãß±¸ÇÑ´Ù.
72:2.3 (809.4) ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â µ¿µîÇÑ ¼¼ ºÐ°ú, °ð ÇàÁ¤ºÎ¤ýÀÔ¹ýºÎ¤ý»ç¹ýºÎ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í
ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â Áö¿ªÀÇ º¸Åë ¼±°Å·Î 6³â¸¶´Ù »Ì´Â´Ù. Àû¾îµµ ÁÖ ÀÔ¹ý°¡ 75¸íÀÌ Åº¿øÇÏ°í ±× ÁÖÀÇ ÁÖÁö»ç(ñ¶ò±ÞÀ)µéÀÌ
Âù¼ºÇÒ °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí, ±×´Â ´Ù½Ã »ÌÈú ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ±×°Íµµ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ Àӱ⠻ÓÀÌ´Ù. ±×´Â »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç
ÀüÁ÷(îñòÅ) ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÃÊ¿ù ³»°¢ÀÇ ÀÚ¹®À» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
72:2.4 (809.5) ÀÔ¹ýºÎ´Â 3¿øÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù:
72:2.5 (809.6) 1. »ó¿øÀº »ê¾÷¤ýÀü¹®Á÷¤ý³ó¾÷, ±×¸®°í ±âŸ Áý´ÜÀÇ ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÌ ¼±ÃâÇϸç, °æÁ¦ Ȱµ¿¿¡
µû¶ó¼ ÅõÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.
72:2.6 (809.7) 2. ÇÏ¿øÀº »ê¾÷À̳ª Àü¹®Á÷¿¡ µé¾î°¡Áö ¾Ê´Â »çȸ¤ýÁ¤Ä¡¤ýöÇÐ Áý´ÜÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â ¾î¶²
»çȸ Á¶Á÷µéÀÌ »Ì´Â´Ù. Á¤»ó ÁöÀ§¸¦ °¡Áø ¸ðµç ½Ã¹ÎÀº µÎ °è±ÞÀÇ ´ëÇ¥µéÀ» ¼±ÃâÇÏ´Â µ¥ Âü¿©ÇÏÁö¸¸, ±× ¼±°Å°¡
»ó¿ø ¶Ç´Â ÇÏ¿ø¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Â°¡¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ±×µéÀº ´Ù¸£°Ô ºÐ·ùµÈ´Ù.
72:2.7 (809.8) 3. Á¦»ï¿ø¡ª¿¬·Î Á¤Ä¡°¡µé¡ªÀº ±¹¹Î¿¡°Ô ¿À·¡ ºÀ»çÇÑ °íÂüµéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϸç, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ¿Í
(¿¬¹æ ¹ØÀÇ) Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚµé, ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®, ±×¸®°í ÀÔ¹ýÀ» ¸Ã´Â ´Ù¸¥ »óÇÏ¿øÀÇ ÇÑÂÊÀ» ÁÖ°üÇÏ´Â °ü¸®µéÀÌ
Áö¸íÇÏ´Â, ¸¹Àº Ź¿ùÇÑ »ç¶÷À» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀº ¸¹¾Æ¾ß 1¹é ¸íÀ¸·Î Á¦ÇѵǾî ÀÖ°í, ±× ȸ¿øµéÀº ¿¬·Î Á¤Ä¡°¡µé
ÀÚü¿¡¼ ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ °áÁ¤¿¡ µû¶ó¼ »ÌÈù´Ù. ȸ¿ø ÀÚ°ÝÀº Á¾½Å(ðûãó)À̸ç, ºó ÀÚ¸®°¡ »ý±æ ¶§, Áö¸í¹ÞÀº ÀÚµéÀÇ
¸í´Ü¿¡¼ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ¹Þ´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÌ·¸°Ô °ø½ÄÀ¸·Î ¼±ÃâµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ÜüÀÇ ¹üÀ§´Â ¼øÀüÈ÷ ÀÚ¹®ÀÌÁö¸¸, ¿©·ÐÀ»
ÈûÂ÷°Ô ±ÔÁ¦Çϸç, Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿Â°® ÁöºÎ¿¡ °·ÂÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ£´Ù.
72:2.8 (810.1) ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÇàÁ¤ ÀÛ¾÷ÀÇ »ó´ç ºÎºÐÀ» (¿¬¹æ ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Â) 10°³ Áö¿ª ´ç±¹ÀÌ ¼öÇàÇϸç,
À̰ÍÀº °¢±â 10°³ ÁÖÀÇ °áÇÕÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Áö¿ª ºÎ¼µéÀº ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ ÁýÇà ¹× °ü¸®¸¦ ¸ÃÀ¸¸ç, ÀÔ¹ýÀ̳ª
»ç¹ý ±â´ÉÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. 10¸íÀÇ Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ°¡ Ä£È÷ ÀÓ¸íÇÑ ÀÚÀ̸ç, ±× ÀÓ±â´Â ±×ÀÇ ÀÓ±â¿Í
°°´Ù¡ª6³âÀÌ´Ù. ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â ÀÌ Áö¿ª ÇàÁ¤ÀÚ 10¸íÀÇ ÀÓ¸íÀ» ½ÂÀÎÇϸç, À̵éÀº ´Ù½Ã ÀÓ¸íµÇÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸,
ÀºÅðÇÏ´Â ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ±× ÈİèÀÚÀÇ µ¿·áÀÌÀÚ Á¶¾ðÀÚ°¡ µÈ´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ ÀÌ Áö¿ª ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®µéÀº ÇàÁ¤ °ü¸®µé·Î
ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ÀÚ±âÀÇ ³»°¢À» °í¸¥´Ù.
72:2.9 (810.2) ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â µÎ °¡Áö ÁÖ¿ä ¹ýÁ¤ ü°è¡ª¹ý ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿Í »çȸ °æÁ¦ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¡ªÀÇ ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
¹ý ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ Ȱµ¿ÇÑ´Ù:
72:2.10 (810.3) 1.
¼Ò(á³)ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â ½Ã¿Í Áö¿ªÀ» °üÇÒÇϸç, ¼ÒÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ³ôÀº ÁÖ(ñ¶) ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿¡ »ó¼ÒµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
72:2.11 (810.4) 2.
ÁÖ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ, ¶Ç´Â ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ±ÇÇÑÀ̳ª ÀÚÀ¯ÀÇ À§Çù¿¡ °ü·ÃµÇ´Â ¸ðµç ¹®Á¦¿¡¼ ÃÖÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù.
Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ¾î´À »ç·Ê(ÞÀÖÇ)µµ ´ë¹ø¿¡ ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ ¹ý°üµé¿¡°Ô °¡Á®°¥ ±ÇÇÑÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
72:2.12 (810.5) 3.
¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¡ª±¹°¡ÀÇ ÁÖÀå, ±×¸®°í ÁÖ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿Ã¶ó¿À´Â »ó¼Ò »ç·Ê¸¦ ÆÇ°áÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °íµî ÀçÆÇ¼Ò. ÀÌ
ÃÖ°í ¹ýÁ¤Àº 40¼¼°¡ ³Ñ°í 75¼¼ ¹Ì¸¸ÀÇ ³²ÀÚ 12¸íÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ® Àִµ¥, ±×µéÀº ¾î´À ÁÖ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿¡¼ 2³â
ÀÌ»ó ºÀ»çÇϰí, ÃÊ¿ù ³»°¢°ú ÀÔ¹ý ÁýȸÀÇ Á¦»ï¿ø¿¡¼ ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀڷκÎÅÍ ÀÌ ³ôÀº ÀÚ¸®¿¡
ÀÓ¸íµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ÃÖ°í »ç¹ý ±â°üÀº Àû¾îµµ 3ºÐÀÇ 2 ÅõÇ¥·Î °áÁ¤À» ³»¸°´Ù.
72:2.13 (810.6) »çȸ
°æÁ¦ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò´Â ´ÙÀ½ ¼¼ ºÎ¹®¿¡¼ Ȱµ¿ÇÑ´Ù:
72:2.14 (810.7) 1.
ºÎ¸ð ÀçÆÇ¼Ò, °¡Á¤°ú »çȸ ü°èÀÇ ÀÔ¹ý ¹× ÇàÁ¤ ºÎ¼¿Í °ü·ÃµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
72:2.15 (810.8) 2.
±³À° ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¡ªÁÖ ¹× Áö¿ª Çб³ ü°èµé°ú ¿¬°áµÇ°í, ±³À° ÇàÁ¤ ±â´ÉÀ» °¡Áø ÇàÁ¤ºÎ ¹× ÀÔ¹ýºÎ¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ »ç¹ý ±â°ü.
72:2.16 (810.9) 3.
»ê¾÷ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¡ª¸ðµç °æÁ¦Àû ¿ÀÇØ¸¦ ¸ÅµìÁþ´Â Àü±Ç(îïÏí)ÀÌ ¸Ã°ÜÁø »ç¹ý ÀçÆÇ¼Ò.
72:2.17 (810.10) ¿¬¹æÀÇ
ÃÖ°í ¹ýÁ¤Àº ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¼Â° ÀÔ¹ýºÎ, °ð ¿¬·Î Á¤Ä¡°¡ ȸÀÇ¿¡¼ 4ºÐÀÇ 3ÀÇ ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» °æ¿ì¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí,
»çȸ °æÁ¦Àû »ç·Ê¿¡ ÆÇ°áÀ» ³»¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×¹Û¿¡ ºÎ¸ð¤ý±³À°¤ý»ê¾÷À» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â °íµî ¹ýÁ¤µéÀÇ °áÁ¤Àº ¸ðµÎ ÃÖÁ¾ÀÌ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
2. Political Organization
72:2.1 This continental nation now has a
representative government with a centrally located national
capital. The central government consists of a strong federation
of one hundred comparatively free states. These states elect
their governors and legislators for ten years, and none are
eligible for re-election. State judges are appointed for life
by the governors and confirm!ed by their legislatures, which
consist of one representative for each one hundred thousand
citizens.
72:2.2 There are five different types of metropolitan government,
depending on the size of the city, but no city is permitted
to have more than one million inhabitants. On the whole, these
municipal governing schemes are very simple, direct, and economical.
The few offices of city administration are keenly sought by
the highest types of citizens.
72:2.3 The federal government embraces three co-ordinate divisions:
executive, legislative, and judicial. The federal chief executive
is elected every six years by universal territorial suffrage.
He is not eligible for re-election except upon the petition
of at least seventy-five state legislatures concurred in by
the respective state governors, and then but for one term. He
is advised by a supercabinet composed of all living ex-chief
executives.
72:2.4 The legislative division embraces three houses:
72:2.5. 1. The upper house is elected by industrial, professional,
agricultural, and other groups of workers, balloting in accordance
with economic function.
72:2.6. 2. The lower house is elected by certain organizations
of society embracing the social, political, and philosophic
groups not included in industry or the professions. All citizens
in good standing participate in the election of both classes
of representatives, but they are differently grouped, depending
on whether the election pertains to the upper or lower house.
72:2.7. 3. The third house-the elder statesmen-embraces the
veterans of civic service and includes many distinguished persons
nominated by the chief executive, by the regional (subfederal)
executives, by the chief of the supreme tribunal, and by the
presiding officers of either of the other legislative houses.
This group is limited to one hundred, and its members are elected
by the majority action of the elder statesmen themselves. Membership
is for life, and when vacancies occur, the person receiving
the largest ballot among the list of nominees is thereby duly
elected. The scope of this body is purely advisory, but it is
a mighty regulator of public opinion and exerts a powerful influence
upon all branches of the government.
72:2.8 Very much of the federal administrative work is carried
on by the ten regional (subfederal) authorities, each consisting
of the association of ten states. These regional divisions are
wholly executive and administrative, having neither legislative
nor judicial functions. The ten regional executives are the
personal appointees of the federal chief executive, and their
term of office is concurrent with his-six years. The federal
supreme tribunal approves the appointment of these ten regional
executives, and while they may not be reappointed, the retiring
executive automatically becomes the associate and adviser of
his successor. Otherwise, these regional chiefs choose their
own cabinets of administrative officials.
72:2.9 This nation is adjudicated by two major court systems-the
law courts and the socioeconomic courts. The law courts function
on the following three levels:
72:2.10. 1. Minor courts of municipal and local jurisdiction,
whose decisions may be appealed to the high state tribunals.
72:2.11. 2. State supreme courts, whose decisions are final
in all matters not involving the federal government or jeopardy
of citizenship rights and liberties. The regional executives
are empowered to bring any case at once to the bar of the federal
supreme court.
72:2.12. 3. Federal supreme court-the high tribunal for the
adjudication of national contentions and the appellate cases
coming up from the state courts. This supreme tribunal consists
of twelve men over forty and under seventy-five years of age
who have served two or more years on some state tribunal, and
who have been appointed to this high position by the chief executive
with the majority approval of the supercabinet and the third
house of the legislative assembly. All decisions of this supreme
judicial body are by at least a two-thirds vote.
72:2.13 The socioeconomic courts function in the following three
divisions:
72:2.14.1. Parental courts, associated with the legislative
and executive divisions of the home and social system.
72:2.15.2. Educational courts-the juridical bodies connected
with the state and regional school systems and associated with
the executive and legislative branches of the educational administrative
mechanism.
72:2.16.3. Industrial courts-the jurisdictional
tribunals vested with full authority for the settlement of all
economic misunderstandings.
72:2.17 The federal supreme court does not pass upon socioeconomic
cases except upon the three-quarters vote of the third legislative
branch of the national government, the house of elder statesmen.
Otherwise, all decisions of the parental, educational, and industrial
high courts are final.
|
3.
°¡Á¤ »ýȰ
72:3.1 (811.1) ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ °°Àº
ÁöºØ ¹Ø¿¡¼ µÎ °¡Á·ÀÌ »ç´Â °ÍÀº ¹ý¿¡ ¾î±ß³´Ù. Áý´Ü °ÅÁÖ°¡ ºÒ¹ýÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸´Ï±î, ¾ÆÆÄÆ® Á¾·ùÀÇ °Ç¹°Àº ´ëºÎºÐ
ÆÄ±«µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª °áÈ¥ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ÀÚµéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ Ŭ·´¤ýÈ£ÅÚ, ±×¸®°í ±âŸ Áý´Ü °Åó¿¡¼ »ê´Ù. Çã¿ëµÇ´Â °¡Àå
ÀÛÀº ÁýÅÍ´Â 4645 Æò¹æ ¹ÌÅÍÀÇ ¶¥À» ¸¶·ÃÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÁýÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸ðµç ÅäÁö¿Í ±âŸ Àç»êÀº, ÃÖ¼Ò
ÁýÅÍ ÇÒ´çÀÇ 10¹è±îÁö ¼¼±Ý(áªÑÑ)ÀÌ ¸éÁ¦µÈ´Ù.
72:3.2 (811.2) ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ
°¡Á¤ »ýȰÀº Áö³ 1¼¼±â µ¿¾È Å©°Ô °³¼±µÇ¾ú´Ù. ºÎ¸ð, ¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¾î¸Ó´Ï ¸ðµÎ°¡, ¾Æµ¿ÀÇ ±³¾çÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡´Â ºÎ¸ð
Çб³¿¡ Âü¼®ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Àǹ«ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÛÀº ½Ã°ñ Ã̶ô¿¡¼ »ç´Â ³óºÎµéÁ¶Â÷ ÀÌ ÀÏÀ» Åë½ÅÀ¸·Î ¸¶ÃÄ¾ß Çϸç, ¿Èê¿¡¡ª2ÁÖ¸¶´Ù¡ªÇÑ
¹ø¾¿, ¸»·Î ÇÏ´Â °ÀǸ¦ µéÀ¸·Á°í ±ÙóÀÇ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î °£´Ù. 1ÁÖ¿¡ 5ÀÏ·Î µÈ ´Þ·ÂÀ» ¾²±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
72:3.3 (811.3) °¢ °¡Á·¿¡
ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÇ Æò±Õ ¼ö´Â ´Ù¼¸À̸ç, ±×µéÀº ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹ÞµçÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ºÎ¸ð Áß Çϳª³ª µÑÀÌ ´Ù Á×¾úÀ»
¶§, ºÎ¸ð ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ Áö¸íÇÑ º¸È£ÀÚµéÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. ¾î¶² °¡Á·µµ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ °í¾Æ(͵ä®)ÀÇ º¸È£±ÇÀ» ¹Þ´Â
°ÍÀ» Å« ¿µ¿¹·Î ¿©±â¸ç, °í¾Æ´Â ÃÖ¼±ÀÇ ºÎ¸ð ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ÀÚµéÀÇ °¡Á¤¿¡ ¸Ã°ÜÁø´Ù.
72:3.4 (811.4) ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº
°¡Á¤À» ±×µé ¹®¸íÀÇ ±âº» Á¦µµ·Î ¿©±ä´Ù. ÇÑ ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ±³À°°ú ÀÎ°Ý ÈÆ·ÃÀÇ °¡Àå °ªÁø ºÎºÐÀº ºÎ¸ð·ÎºÎÅÍ, ±×¸®°í
Áý¿¡¼ ¾ò±â¸¦ ±â´ëÇϸç, ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ¾ÆÀÌÀÇ ±³À°¿¡ °ÅÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¸Å ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀδÙ.
72:3.5 (811.5) ¸ðµç ¼º±³À°Àº
Áý¿¡¼ ºÎ¸ð³ª ¹ýÀû º¸È£ÀÚµéÀÌ º£Ç¬´Ù. µµ´ö ±³À°Àº Çб³ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼ ³ë´Â ½Ã°£¿¡ ¼±»ýµéÀÌ Á¦°øÇÏÁö¸¸, Á¾±³
ÈÆ·ÃÀº ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê´Ù. Á¾±³ ÈÆ·ÃÀº ºÎ¸ð°¡ µ¶Á¡Çϴ Ư±ÇÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢µÇ¸ç, Á¾±³¸¦ °¡Á¤ »ýȰÀÇ Çʼö ºÎºÐÀ¸·Î ¿©±ä´Ù.
¼øÀüÈ÷ Á¾±³Àû °¡¸£Ä§Àº ¿ÀÁ÷ öÇÐÀÇ Àü´ç(îüÓÑ)¿¡¼¸¸ ´ëÁß¿¡°Ô º£Ç®¾îÁö°í, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ±³È¸¿Í °°ÀÌ ¼øÀüÇÑ Á¾±³
Á¶Á÷Àº ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ· »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¹ß´ÞÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±×µéÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐÀ» µû¸£¸é, Á¾±³´Â Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¾Ë°í µ¿·á¿¡°Ô ºÀ»çÇÔÀ» ÅëÇØ¼
µ¿·á »ç¶ûÀ» µå·¯³»·Á°í ¾Ö¾²´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À̰ÍÀº ÀÌ Ç༺¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÇ Á¾±³ »óÅÂÀÇ ÀüÇü(îðúý)Àº
¾Æ´Ï´Ù. Á¾±³°¡ ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ ÀüÀûÀ¸·Î °¡Á·ÀÇ ¹®Á¦À̱⠶§¹®¿¡, ¼øÀüÈ÷ Á¾±³Àû Áýȸ¿¡ ¹ÙÃÄÁø °ø°ø Àå¼Ò°¡
Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀεéÀÌ ¹ö¸©À¸·Î ¸»ÇÏ´Ù½ÃÇÇ, Á¤Ä¡ÀûÀ¸·Î ±³È¸¿Í ±¹°¡´Â ¿ÂÀüÈ÷ ºÐ¸®µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, Á¾±³¿Í öÇÐÀº
ÀÌ»óÇÏ°Ô °ãÄ¡´Â ºÎºÐÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
72:3.6 (811.6) 20³â
Àü±îÁö, ¿µÀû ±³À°ÀÚµéÀº (À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¸ñ»çµé°ú °ßÁÙ ¸¸ÇÏ´Ù) ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÌ ºÎ¸ðÇÑÅ×¼ ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ±³À° ¹Þ¾Ò´Â°¡ È®ÀÎÇϱâ
À§Çؼ ¾ÆÀ̵éÀ» Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î °Ë»çÇÏ·Á°í °¢ °¡Á¤À» ã¾Æº¸¸ç, ±×µéÀº Á¤ºÎÀÇ °¨µ¶À» ¹Þ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. Áö±Ý ÀÌ ¿µÀû
Á¶¾ðÀÚ¿Í °Ë»çÀÚµéÀº »õ·Î ¼¼¿î ¿µÀû Áøº¸ Àç´ÜÀÇ ÁöÈÖ ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ°í, À̰ÍÀº ÀÚÁøÇؼ ³»´Â ±âºÎ±ÝÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù.
¾Æ¸¶µµ ÀÌ Á¦µµ´Â ÆÄ¶ó´ÙÀ̽º ½ÉÆÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ µµÂøÇÒ ¶§±îÁö ´õ ÁøÈÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ»Áö ¸ð¸¥´Ù.
72:3.7 (811.7) ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº
15»ì±îÁö ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎ¸ð ¹Ø¿¡ ³²¾Æ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ±×¶§ ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¹Þµµ·Ï óÀ½ ÀÔȸ½ÄÀÌ °ÅÇàµÈ´Ù. ±× µÚ¿¡,
5³â¸¶´Ù ¿¬´Þ¾Æ ´Ù¼¸ ±â°£¿¡, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¶Ç·¡ÀÇ Áý´ÜÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ºñ½ÁÇÑ °ø½Ä Çà»ç°¡ °ÅÇàµÇ´Âµ¥, °Å±â¼ ºÎ¸ð¿¡ ´ëÇÑ
±×µéÀÇ Àǹ«°¡ ÁÙ¾îµé¸ç, ÇÑÆí ±¹°¡¿¡ ´ëÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓ°ú »çȸÀû Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¸Ã´Â´Ù. ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀº 20»ì¿¡ ÁÖ¸ç,
ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ½Â³« ¾øÀÌ °áÈ¥ÇÒ ±Ç¸®´Â 25»ì±îÁö ÁÖÁö ¾Ê°í, ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº 30»ìÀÌ µÇ¸é ÁýÀ» ¶°³ª¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
72:3.8 (812.1) °áÈ¥°ú
ÀÌÈ¥ ¹ý·üÀº ³ª¶ó¿¡ µÎ·ç ÇѰᰰ´Ù. 20»ì¡ª½Ã¹Î ¼±°Å±ÇÀ» °¡Áú ³ªÀÌ¡ª°¡ µÇ±â Àü¿¡ °áÈ¥ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
ÀÇ»ç(ëòÞÖ)¸¦ ÅëÁöÇÏ°í ³ª¼ 1³â µÚ¿¡, ±×¸®°í ½ÅºÎ¿Í ½Å¶ûÀÌ °áÈ¥ »ýȰÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ºÎ¸ð Çб³¿¡¼ ¸¶¶¥È÷
±³À°¹ÞÀº °ÍÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â Áõ¸í¼¸¦ Á¦ÃâÇÑ µÚ¿¡¾ß °Ü¿ì °áÈ¥ÇÒ Çã°¡°¡ ³»¸°´Ù.
72:3.9 (812.2) ÀÌÈ¥ ±ÔÄ¢Àº
¾ó¸¶Å ´À½¼ÇÏÁö¸¸, ºÎ¸ð ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼ ¹ßÇàÇÏ´Â º°°ÅÀÇ ¼±Æ÷´Â ÀÌÈ¥ ½ÅûÀ» ±â·ÏÇÑ Áö 1³âÀÌ Áö³¯ ¶§±îÁö ¹ÞÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
±×¸®°í ÀÌ Ç༺¿¡¼ 1³âÀº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼º¸´Ù ÈξÀ ±æ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ½¬¿î ÀÌÈ¥¹ýÀ» °¡Á³´Âµ¥µµ, ÇöÀç ÀÌÈ¥À²Àº À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼
¹®¸íÈµÈ ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ ÀÌÈ¥À²ÀÇ 10ºÐÀÇ 1 ¹Û¿¡ ¾È µÈ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
3. The Home Life
72:3.1 On this continent it is against the
law for two families to live under the same roof. And since
group dwellings have been outlawed, most of the tenement type
of buildings have been demolished. But the unmarried still live
in clubs, hotels, and other group dwellings. The smallest homesite
permitted must provide fifty thousand square feet of land. All
land and other property used for home purposes are free from
taxation up to ten times the minimum homesite allotment.
72:3.2 The home life of this people has greatly improved during
the last century. Attendance of parents, both fathers and mothers,
at the parental schools of child culture is compulsory. Even
the agriculturists who reside in small country settlements carry
on this work by correspondence, going to the near-by centers
for oral instruction once in ten days-every two weeks, for they
maintain a five-day week.
72:3.3 The average number of children in each family is five,
and they are under the full control of their parents or, in
case of the demise of one or both, under that of the guardians
designated by the parental courts. It is considered a great
honor for any family to be awarded the guardianship of a full
orphan. Competitive examinations are held among parents, and
the orphan is awarded to the home of those displaying the best
parental qualifications.
72:3.4 These people regard the home as the basic institution
of their civilization. It is expected that the most valuable
part of a child's education and character training will be secured
from his parents and at home, and fathers devote almost as much
attention to child culture as do mothers.
72:3.5 All sex instruction is administered in the home by parents
or by legal guardians. Moral instruction is offered by teachers
during the rest periods in the school shops, but not so with
religious training, which is deemed to be the exclusive privilege
of parents, religion being looked upon as an integral part of
home life. Purely religious instruction is given publicly only
in the temples of philosophy, no such exclusively religious
institutions as the Urantia churches having developed among
this people. In their philosophy, religion is the striving to
know God and to manifest love for one's fellows through service
for them, but this is not typical of the religious status of
the other nations on this planet. Religion is so entirely a
family matter among these people that there are no public places
devoted exclusively to religious assembly. Politically, church
and state, as Urantians are wont to say, are entirely separate,
but there is a strange overlapping of religion and philosophy.
72:3.6 Until twenty years ago the spiritual teachers (comparable
to Urantia pastors), who visit each family periodically to examine
the children to ascertain if they have been properly instructed
by their parents, were under governmental supervision. These
spiritual advisers and examiners are now under the direction
of the newly created Foundation of Spiritual Progress, an institution
supported by voluntary contributions. Possibly this institution
may not further evolve until after the arrival of a Paradise
Magisterial Son.
72:3.7 Children remain legally subject to their parents until
they are fifteen, when the first initiation into civic responsibility
is held. Thereafter, every five years for five successive periods
similar public exercises are held for such age groups at which
their obligations to parents are lessened, while new civic and
social responsibilities to the state are assumed. Suffrage is
conferred at twenty, the right to marry without parental consent
is not bestowed until twenty-five, and children must leave home
on reaching the age of thirty.
72:3.8 Marriage and divorce laws are uniform throughout the
nation. Marriage before twenty¡ªthe age of civil enfranchisement¡ªis
not permitted. Permission to marry is only granted after one
year's notice of intention, and after both bride and groom present
certificates showing that they have been duly instructed in
the parental schools regarding the responsibilities of married
life.
72:3.9 Divorce regulations are somewhat lax, but decrees of
separation, issued by the parental courts, may not be had until
one year after application therefor has been recorded, and the
year on this planet is considerably longer than on Urantia.
Notwithstanding their easy divorce laws, the present rate of
divorces is only one tenth that of the civilized races of Urantia.
|
4.
±³À° Á¦µµ
72:4.1 (812.3) ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ ±³À°
Á¦µµ´Â 5»ìºÎÅÍ 18»ì±îÁö ´Ù´Ï´Â, ´ëÇÐ ¹ØÀÇ Çб³¿¡¼ Àǹ«ÀÌ¸ç ³²³à °øÇÐÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌ Çб³µéÀº À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Çб³µé°ú
¾öû³ª°Ô ´Ù¸£´Ù. ±³½ÇÀÌ Çϳªµµ ¾ø°í, ÇÑ ¶§¿¡ ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °¡Áö °øºÎ¸¸ Ãß±¸Çϴµ¥, óÀ½ 3³â µÚ¿¡´Â ¸ðµç »ýµµ°¡
Á¶±³(ð¾Îç)°¡ µÇ°í, ±×µé ¹Ø¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀ» °¡¸£Ä£´Ù. Ã¥Àº ¿À·ÎÁö, Çб³ÀÇ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼, ±×¸®°í Çб³ ³óÀå¿¡¼
»ý±â´Â ¹®Á¦µéÀ» Ǫ´Â µ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ Á¤º¸¸¦ È®º¸Çϱâ À§Çؼ¸¸ ¾²ÀδÙ. ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ¸¹Àº °¡±¸(Ê«Îý)¿Í ±â°è
ÀåÄ¡´Â¡ªÀ̶§°¡ Å« ¹ß¸í°ú ±â°èÈÀÇ ½Ã´ëÀ̴ϱÀÌ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼ »ý»êµÈ´Ù. °¢ ÀÛ¾÷Àå ¿·¿¡´Â ±âÃÊ µµ¼°üÀÌ ÀÖ°í, °Å±â¼
ÇлýµéÀº ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Âü°í ¼ÀûÀ» µÚÁú ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ³ó¾÷°ú ¿ø¿¹µµ ¶ÇÇÑ °¢ Áö¿ª Çб³¿¡ ÀÎÁ¢ÇÑ Å« ³óÀå¿¡¼, ±³À° ±â°£
Àüü¸¦ ÅëÇØ¼ ³»³» °¡¸£Ä£´Ù.
72:4.2 (812.4) Àú´ÉÇÑ ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ³ó¾÷°ú
Ãà»ê ºÐ¾ß¿¡¼ ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ°í, Ưº°È÷ °ü¸®ÇÏ´Â ½Ä¹ÎÁö¿¡ ÀÏ»ý µ¿¾È ¸Ã°ÜÁø´Ù. °Å±â¼ À̵éÀº ºÎ¸ð°¡ µÇÁö ¸øÇϵµ·Ï
¼ºº°·Î ºÐ¸®µÇ¸ç, ºÎ¸ð ³ë¸©Àº Á¤»ó ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Çã¶ôµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ÀÌ Á¦ÇÑµÈ Á¶Ä¡´Â 75³â µ¿¾È ¿î¿µµÇ¾ú´Ù.
¿©±â¿¡ ¸Ã±â´Â ¼±Æ÷´Â ºÎ¸ð ¹ýÁ¤¿¡¼ ³»·Á¿Â´Ù.
72:4.3 (812.5) ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÇÑ ÇØ¿¡ ÇÑ ´Þ
µ¿¾È ÈÞ°¡¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ´ëÇÐ ¹ØÀÇ Çб³µéÀº ¿ ´Þ·Î µÈ 1³â¿¡ ¾ÆÈ© ´Þ µ¿¾È ¿î¿µµÇ¸ç, ÈÞ°¡´Â ºÎ¸ð¿Í ÇÔ²², ¶Ç´Â
Ä£±¸µé°ú ¿©ÇàÇÏ¸é¼ º¸³½´Ù. ÀÌ ¿©ÇàÀº ¼ºÀÎ ±³À° ÇÁ·Î±×¶÷ÀÇ ÀϺÎÀ̰í, ÀÏ»ý¿¡ °ÉÃļ À̾îÁø´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ºñ¿ë¿¡
¾µ ÀÚ±ÝÀº ³ë·É º¸Çè¿¡¼ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °Í°ú °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÃàÀûµÈ´Ù.
72:4.4 (812.6) Çб³ ½Ã°£ÀÇ 4ºÐÀÇ 1Àº
³îÀÌ¡ª°æÀïÇÏ´Â ¿îµ¿¡ª¿¡ ¹ÙÄ¡°í, ÀÌ °æÀï¿¡¼ »ýµµµéÀº Áö¿ª ½ÃÇÕºÎÅÍ, ÁÖ(ñ¶)¿Í Áö¹æÀÇ ½ÃÇÕÀ» °ÅÃļ, ¼Ø¾¾¿Í
¾¿¾¿ÇÔÀ» °Ü·ç´Â Àü±¹ ½ÃÇÕ±îÁö ¿Ã¶ó°£´Ù. ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, °úÇаú öÇÐÀÇ °æÀï »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¿õº¯°ú À½¾ÇÀÇ °æÀïÀº, ³·Àº
»çȸ ºÎ¹®¿¡¼ Àü±¹ÀÇ ¿µ¿¹¸¦ ¾ò´Â °æÀï¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö, ÇлýµéÀÇ °ü½ÉÀ» Â÷ÁöÇÑ´Ù.
72:4.5 (812.7) Çб³ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ´Â ¼·Î °ü·ÃµÈ
¼¼ ÁöºÎ(ò¨Ý»)¸¦ °¡Áø ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎÀÇ º¹»çÆÇÀ̸ç, ±³Á÷¿øÀº ¼Â° ºÎ¼, °ð ÀÚ¹®ÇÏ´Â ÀÔ¹ý ºÎ¼·Î¼ Ȱµ¿ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ
´ë·ú¿¡¼ ±³À°ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀº ¸ðµç »ýµµ¸¦ ÀÚ¸³ÇÏ´Â ½Ã¹ÎÀ¸·Î ¸¸µå´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
72:4.6 (813.1) 18»ì¿¡ ´ëÇÐ ¹ØÀÇ Çб³
üÁ¦¿¡¼ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀº ¸ðµÎ ¼Ø¾¾ ÀÖ´Â ±â´É°øÀÌ´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Ã¥À» ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í Æ¯º°ÇÑ Áö½ÄÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¼ºÀÎ
Çб³³ª ´ëÇп¡¼ ½ÃÀ۵ȴÙ. ¸Ó¸® ÁÁÀº ÇлýÀÌ °èȹº¸´Ù ¾Õ¼ Á¦ ÀÏÀ» ¸¶Ä¡¸é, ±×¿¡°Ô ½Ã°£°ú ¼ö´ÜÀ¸·Î »óÀ» ÁÖ¸ç,
±×°ÍÀ¸·Î ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °í¾ÈÇÑ ¾î¶² Á¶±×¸¸ »ç¾÷À» ÃßÁøÇصµ ÁÁ´Ù. ±³À° ü°è Àüü°¡ °³ÀÎÀ» ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ÈÆ·ÃÇϵµ·Ï °í¾ÈµÇ¾î
ÀÖ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
4. The Educational System
72:4.1 The educational system of this nation
is compulsory and coeducational in the precollege schools that
the student attends from the ages of five to eighteen. These
schools are vastly different from those of Urantia. There are
no classrooms, only one study is pursued at a time, and after
the first three years all pupils become assistant teachers,
instructing those below them. Books are used only to secure
information that will assist in solving the problems arising
in the school shops and on the school farms. Much of the furniture
used on the continent and the many mechanical contrivances-this
is a great age of invention and mechanization-are produced in
these shops. Adjacent to each shop is a working library where
the student may consult the necessary reference books. Agriculture
and horticulture are also taught throughout the entire educational
period on the extensive farms adjoining every local school.
72:4.2 The feeble-minded are trained only in agriculture and
animal husbandry, and are committed for life to special custodial
colonies where they are segregated by sex to prevent parenthood,
which is denied all subnormals. These restrictive measures have
been in operation for seventy-five years; the commitment decrees
are handed down by the parental courts.
72:4.3 Everyone takes one month's vacation each year. The precollege
schools are conducted for nine months out of the year of ten,
the vacation being spent with parents or friends in travel.
This travel is a part of the adult-education program and is
continued throughout a lifetime, the funds for meeting such
expenses being accumulated by the same methods as those employed
in old-age insurance.
72:4.4 One quarter of the school time is devoted to play-competitive
athletics-the pupils progressing in these contests from the
local, through the state and regional, and on to the national
trials of skill and prowess. Likewise, the oratorical and musical
contests, as well as those in science and philosophy, occupy
the attention of students from the lower social divisions on
up to the contests for national honors.
72:4.5 The school government is a replica of the national government
with its three correlated branches, the teaching staff functioning
as the third or advisory legislative division. The chief object
of education on this continent is to make every pupil a self-supporting
citizen.
72:4.6 Every child graduating from the precollege school system
at eighteen is a skilled artisan. Then begins the study of books
and the pursuit of special knowledge, either in the adult schools
or in the colleges. When a brilliant student completes his work
ahead of schedule, he is granted an award of time and means
wherewith he may execute some pet project of his own devising.
The entire educational system is designed to adequately train
the individual.
|
5.
»ê¾÷ÀÇ Á¶Á÷
72:5.1 (813.2) ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ· »çÀÌ¿¡¼
»ê¾÷ÀÇ »óȲÀº ±×µéÀÇ ÀÌ»ó°ú °Å¸®°¡ ¸Ö´Ù. ÀÚº»°¡¿Í ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ¾È°í ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾çÀÚ°¡ ¼º½ÇÇÏ°Ô Çùµ¿ÇÏ´Â
°èȹ¿¡ ÀûÀÀÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â °¥¼ö·Ï ¸ðµç »ê¾÷ ºÐ¾ßÀÇ ±â¾÷¿¡¼ ÁÖÁÖ(ñ»ñ«)°¡ µÇ°í
ÀÖ´Ù. ¸ðµç ¿µ¸®ÇÑ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ°¡ õõÈ÷ ÀÛÀº ÀÚº»°¡°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
72:5.2 (813.3) »çȸÀÇ
´ë¸³Àº ÁÙ¾îµé°í ÀÖ°í, ¼±ÀÇ(à¼ëò)°¡ »¡¸® ÆÛÁö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ³ë¿¹ Á¦µµ°¡ ÆóÁöµÈ ÀÌÈÄ·Î (1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñ´Â´Ù) ¾Æ¹«·±
½É°¢ÇÑ °æÁ¦ ¹®Á¦°¡ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Âµ¥, À̰ÍÀº 1³â¿¡ 2ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¾¿ ÇØ¹æ½ÃÅ´À¸·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á¶Á¤ÀÌ Â÷ÃûÂ÷Ãû ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³±â
¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. Á¤½Å¤ý µµ´ö¤ý ½ÅüÀÇ ½ÃÇèÀ» ¸¸Á·½º·´°Ô °ÅÄ£ ³ë¿¹µéÀº ½Ã¹Î±ÇÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í, ÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÑ ³ë¿¹µéÀÇ ´Ù¼ö´Â
ÀüÀï¿¡¼ ÀâÈù Æ÷·ÎÀ̵çÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ±×·± Æ÷·ÎÀÇ ¾ÆµéµþÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº 50³âÂë Àü¿¡ ¸¶Áö¸· ¿µîÇÑ ³ë¿¹µéÀ» Ãâ±¹½ÃÄ×°í,
ÅðÈµÇ°í ³ª»Û °è±ÞÀÇ Àα¸¸¦ ÁÙÀÌ´Â °úÁ¦¿¡ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ Âø¼öÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
72:5.3 (813.4) ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº
»ê¾÷¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ¿ÀÇØ¸¦ Á¶ÀýÇÏ°í °æÁ¦Àû ³²¿ëÀ» ½ÃÁ¤ÇÏ´Â »õ·Î¿î ±â¼úÀ» ¿äÁîÀ½¿¡ °³¹ßÇߴµ¥, À̰ÍÀº ±×·± ¹®Á¦µéÀ»
ÇØ°áÇÏ´Â ¿¹ÀüÀÇ ¹æ¹ýº¸´Ù ¶Ñ·ÇÇÏ°Ô °³¼±µÇ¾ú´Ù. °³ÀÎÀ̳ª »ê¾÷ÀÇ ÀÇ°ß Â÷À̸¦ Á¶Á¤ÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â °úÁ¤À¸·Î Æø·ÂÀº
±ÝÁöµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÓ±Ý(ìüÑÑ)°ú ÀÌÀͰú ±âŸ °æÁ¦ ¹®Á¦´Â ¾ö°ÝÇÏ°Ô ±ÔÁ¦µÇÁö ¾ÊÁö¸¸, À̰͵éÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î »ê¾÷ ¹ý±Ô¿¡
ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ÇÑÆí »ê¾÷ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò°¡ »ê¾÷¿¡¼ »ý°Ü³ª´Â ¸ðµç ³íÀï¿¡ ÆÇ°áÀ» ³»¸°´Ù.
72:5.4 (813.5) »ê¾÷ ÀçÆÇ¼ÒµéÀº
°Ü¿ì 30³âÀÌ µÇ¾úÁö¸¸, ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ¸¸Á·½º·´°Ô Ȱµ¿Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. °¡Àå ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ »ý±ä ¹ßÀüÀº, ÀÌÁ¦ºÎÅÍ »ê¾÷ ÀçÆÇ¼ÒµéÀÌ
´ÙÀ½ ¼¼ ºÎ¹®¿¡ ¼ÓÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀû º¸»óÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ±ÔÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù:
72:5.5 (813.6) 1. ÅõÀÚµÈ
ÀÚº»¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ýÁ¤(ÛöïÒ) ÀÌÀÚÀ².
72:5.6 (813.7) 2. »ê¾÷
Ȱµ¿¿¡¼ °í¿ëµÈ ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû´çÇÑ ºÀ±Þ.
72:5.7 (813.8) 3. ³ëµ¿ÀÚ¿¡°Ô
ÁÖ´Â °øÁ¤ÇÏ°í °øÆòÇÑ ÀÓ±Ý.
72:5.8 (813.9) ÀÌ Á¶°ÇµéÀº
°è¾à¿¡ µû¶ó¼ ¸ÕÀú ¸¸Á·µÇ¾î¾ß ÇϵçÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¼ÒµæÀÌ ÁÙ¾îµé °æ¿ì¿¡ ±×µéÀº ÀϽÃÀû °¨¼Ò¸¦ ºñ·ÊÇØ¼ ºÐ´ãÇØ¾ß
ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ °íÁ¤µÈ ºñ¿ëÀ» ÃʰúÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ÀÌÀÍÀº ±× ´ÙÀ½ºÎÅÍ ¹è´ç±ÝÀ¸·Î °£Áֵǰí, ÀÚº»¤ý±â¼ú¤ý³ëµ¿, ÀÌ ¼¼ ºÎ¹®
¸ðµÎ¿¡°Ô ºñ·ÊÇØ¼ ºÐ¹èµÇ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
72:5.9 (813.10) 10³â¸¶´Ù
Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ¼ÒµæÀ» ¾ò´Â 1ÀÏ ¹ýÁ¤ ³ëµ¿ ½Ã°£À» Á¶Á¤ÇÏ°í ¼±Æ÷ÇÑ´Ù. »ê¾÷Àº ÀÌÁ¦ 5ÀÏ·Î µÈ 1ÁÖ¿¡ ±Ù°Å¸¦
µÎ°í ¿î¿µÇϸç, ³ªÈê ÀÏÇϰí ÇϷ縦 ³í´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÏÇÏ´Â ³¯¿¡ 6½Ã°£ ÀÏÇϸç, Çлýµéó·³, ¿ ´Þ·Î µÈ
1³â¿¡ ¾ÆÈ© ´Þ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù. ÈÞ°¡¸¦ ¿©Çà¿¡ º¸Åë ¾²¸ç, »õ·Î¿î ¼ö¼Û ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ¾ÆÁÖ ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ °³¹ßµÇ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ³ª¶ó
Àüü°¡ ¿©Çà¿¡ Èì»¶ ºüÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ±âÈÄ´Â 1³â¿¡ ¾à 8°³¿ù µ¿¾È ¿©ÇàÀ» Çã¶ôÇϸç, ±×µéÀº ±âȸ¸¦ ÃÖ´ëÇÑÀ¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù.
72:5.10 (813.11) 2¹é
³â Àü¿¡´Â ÀÌÀÍ µ¿±â°¡ »ê¾÷À» ¿ÂÅë Áö¹èÇßÁö¸¸, ¿À´Ã³¯ ´Ù¸¥ ´õ ³ôÀº ÃßÁø·ÂÀÌ ÀÌÀÍ µ¿±â¸¦ ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ´ëüÇϰí
ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ °æÀïÀº ½ÉÇÏÁö¸¸, »ó´çÇÑ ºÎºÐÀÌ »ê¾÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿îµ¿, ±â¼ú, °úÇÐÀû ¼ºÃë, ÁöÀû ´Þ¼ºÀ¸·Î
¿Å°ÜÁ³´Ù. °æÀïÀº »çȸ¿¡ ºÀ»çÇϰí Á¤ºÎ¿¡ Ãæ¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥¼ °¡Àå Ȱ¹ßÇÏ´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé »çÀÌ¿¡¼ °øÁ÷¿¡ ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀº ±Þ¼ÓÈ÷ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Æ÷ºÎÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´ë·ú¿¡¼ °¡Àå ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº ±×ÀÇ ±â°è ÀÛ¾÷Àå »ç¹«½Ç¿¡¼ ÇÏ·ç¿¡
¿©¼¸ ½Ã°£ ÀÏÇϰí, ´ÙÀ½¿¡ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³ÀÇ Áö¿ª ÁöºÎ·Î ¼µÑ·¯ °¡¼, °Å±â¼ °øÁ÷(ÍëòÅ)À» ¾òÀ» ÀÚ°ÝÀ» °®Ãß·Á°í
¾Ö¾´´Ù.
72:5.11 (814.1) ³ëµ¿Àº
ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ´õ ¸í¿¹·Î¿î Á÷¾÷ÀÌ µÇ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, 18»ìÀÌ ³Ñ°í ¸öÀÌ Á¤»óÀÎ ¸ðµç ±¹¹ÎÀº Áý°ú ³óÀå¿¡¼, ¾î¶²
ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ´Â »ê¾÷¿¡¼, ÀϽà ÀÏÀÚ¸® ÀÒÀº ÀÚ¸¦ Èí¼öÇÏ´Â °ø°ø »ç¾÷¿¡¼, ¶Ç´Â ±¤»ê¿¡¼ °Á¦ ³ëµ¿ÀÚ ´Üü¿¡¼ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù.
72:5.12 (814.2) ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº
¶ÇÇÑ »õ·Î¿î ÇüÅÂÀÇ »çȸÀû Çø¿À°¨¡ª°ÔÀ¸¸§°ú ¹ú¾îµéÀÌÁö ¾ÊÀº Àç»ê¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Çø¿À°¨¡ªÀ» ºñ·Î¼Ò ±â¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù. ´À¸®Áö¸¸
È®½ÇÇÏ°Ô ±×µéÀº ±â°è¸¦ Á¤º¹Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ±×µéµµ ÇѶ§´Â Á¤Ä¡Àû ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿©, ³ªÁß¿¡´Â °æÁ¦Àû ÀÚÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿©
ÅõÀïÇß´Ù. ÀÌÁ¦ ±×µéÀº ÀÌ µÎ °¡Áö¸¦ Áñ±â´Â ´Ü°è¿¡ µé¾î°¡°í ÀÖ°í, ÇÑÆí ±× À§¿¡ ¿½ÉÈ÷ ¹ø ¿©°¡¸¦ ºñ·Î¼Ò
°í¸¿°Ô ¿©±â°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÀÌ ¿©°¡´Â ´õ¿í ÀھƸ¦ ½ÇÇöÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¹ÙÄ¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
5. Industrial Organization
72:5.1 The industrial situation among this
people is far from their ideals; capital and labor still have
their troubles, but both are becoming adjusted to the plan of
sincere co-operation. On this unique continent the workers are
increasingly becoming shareholders in all industrial concerns;
every intelligent laborer is slowly becoming a small capitalist.
72:5.2 Social antagonisms are lessening, and good will is growing
apace. No grave economic problems have arisen out of the abolition
of slavery (over one hundred years ago) since this adjustment
was effected gradually by the liberation of two per cent each
year. Those slaves who satisfactorily passed mental, moral,
and physical tests were granted citizenship; many of these superior
slaves were war captives or children of such captives. Some
fifty years ago they deported the last of their inferior slaves,
and still more recently they are addressing themselves to the
task of reducing the numbers of their degenerate and vicious
classes.
72:5.3 These people have recently developed new techniques for
the adjustment of industrial misunderstandings and for the correction
of economic abuses which are marked improvements over their
older methods of settling such problems. Violence has been outlawed
as a procedure in adjusting either personal or industrial differences.
Wages, profits, and other economic problems are not rigidly
regulated, but they are in general controlled by the industrial
legislatures, while all disputes arising out of industry are
passed upon by the industrial courts.
72:5.4 The industrial courts are only thirty years old but are
functioning very satisfactorily. The most recent development
provides that hereafter the industrial courts shall recognize
legal compensation as falling in three divisions:
72:5.5.1. Legal rates of interest on invested capital.
72:5.6.2. Reasonable salary for skill employed in industrial
operations.
72:5.7.3. Fair and equitable wages for labor.
72:5.8 These shall first be met in accordance with contract,
or in the face of decreased earnings they shall share proportionally
in transient reduction. And thereafter all earnings in excess
of these fixed charges shall be regarded as dividends and shall
be prorated to all three divisions: capital, skill, and labor.
72:5.9 Every ten years the regional executives adjust and decree
the lawful hours of daily gainful toil. Industry now operates
on a five-day week, working four and playing one. These people
labor six hours each working day and, like students, nine months
in the year of ten. Vacation is usually spent in travel, and
new methods of transportation having been so recently developed,
the whole nation is travel bent. The climate favors travel about
eight months in the year, and they are making the most of their
opportunities.
72:5.10 Two hundred years ago the profit motive was wholly dominant
in industry, but today it is being rapidly displaced by other
and higher driving forces. Competition is keen on this continent,
but much of it has been transferred from industry to play, skill,
scientific achievement, and intellectual attainment. It is most
active in social service and governmental loyalty. Among this
people public service is rapidly becoming the chief goal of
ambition. The richest man on the continent works six hours a
day in the office of his machine shop and then hastens over
to the local branch of the school of statesmanship, where he
seeks to qualify for public service.
72:5.11 Labor is becoming more honorable on this continent,
and all able-bodied citizens over eighteen work either at home
and on farms, at some recognized industry, on the public works
where the temporarily unemployed are absorbed, or else in the
corps of compulsory laborers in the mines.
72:5.12 These people are also beginning to foster a new form
of social disgust-disgust for both idleness and unearned wealth.
Slowly but certainly they are conquering their machines. Once
they, too, struggled for political liberty and subsequently
for economic freedom. Now are they entering upon the enjoyment
of both while in addition they are beginning to appreciate their
well-earned leisure, which can be devoted to increased self-realization.
|
6.
³ë·É º¸Çè
72:6.1 (814.3) ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â ÀÚÁ¸½ÉÀ»
»óÇÏ´Â Á¾·ùÀÇ ÀÚ¼±À», ³ë³â±âÀÇ ¾ÈÀüÀ» ǰÀ§ ÀÖ°Ô º¸ÀåÇÏ´Â Á¤ºÎ º¸ÇèÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²ãÄ¡¿ì·Á°í, ±»Àº °áÀÇ·Î ³ë·ÂÇϰí
ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â ¾ÆÀ̵éÀ» ¸ðµÎ ±³À°½ÃŰ°í ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô Á÷¾÷À» ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. µû¶ó¼ Çã¾àÇÏ°í ³ªÀÌ µç »ç¶÷À»
º¸È£Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ±×·± º¸Çè °èȹÀ» ¼º°øÀûÀ¸·Î ¼öÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
72:6.2 (814.4) ÀÌ ¹ÎÁ·
»çÀÌ¿¡¼ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷Àº, ÁÖ(ñ¶)ÀÇ ³ëµ¿ À§¿øÀåÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ 70¼¼±îÁö ³²¾Æ¼ ÀÏÇϵµ·Ï ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â Çã°¡¸¦ ¹ÞÁö
¾Ê´Â ÇÑ, 65¼¼¿¡ ¼ÒµæÀ» ¾ò´Â Á÷¾÷À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀºÅðÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ³ªÀÌ Á¦ÇÑÀº °ø¹«¿øÀ̳ª öÇÐÀÚ¿¡°Ô Àû¿ëµÇÁö
¾Ê´Â´Ù. ½ÅüÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÏÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µÈ ÀÚ³ª ¿µ±¸ÇÏ°Ô ºÒ±¸(ÜôÎý)°¡ µÈ »ç¶÷Àº, Áö¿ª Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿¬±Ý À§¿øÀåÀÌ È®ÀÎÇÑ
¹ýÁ¤ÀÇ ¸í·É¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ³ªÀÌ¿¡ »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ ÀºÅðÀÚ ¸í´Ü¿¡ ¿Ã¶ó°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
72:6.3 (814.5) ³ë³â±â
¿¬±ÝÀ» À§ÇÑ ±â±ÝÀº ³× °¡Áö ±Ù¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±ä´Ù:
72:6.4 (814.6) 1. ÇÑ
´Þ¿¡ ÇÏ·çÀÇ ¼ÒµæÀº ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î °Á¦·Î ¶¼¾î °¡¸ç, ÀÌ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÀÏÇÑ´Ù.
72:6.5 (814.7) 2. À¯»ê(ë¶ß§)¡ªºÎÀ¯ÇÑ
¸¹Àº ½Ã¹ÎÀÌ ÀÌ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ±â±ÝÀ» ³²±ä´Ù.
72:6.6 (814.8) 3. ÁÖ(ñ¶)ÀÇ
±¤»ê¿¡¼ °Á¦ ³ëµ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾òÀº ¼Òµæ. ¡Áý ³ëµ¿ÀÚµéÀÌ ÀڽŵéÀ» Áö¿øÇϰí ÀºÅð ºÐ´ã±ÝÀ» ¶¼¾î³õÀº µÚ¿¡, ±×µéÀÇ
³ëµ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â À׿© ÀÌÀÍÀº ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ ¿¬±Ý(æÄÐÝ) ±â±Ý¿¡ ³Ñ°ÜÁø´Ù.
72:6.7 (814.9) 4. ÁöÇÏ
ÀÚ¿ø¿¡¼ »ý±â´Â ¼Òµæ. ´ë·ú¿¡¼ ¸ðµç õ¿¬ Àç»êÀº »çȸ°¡ À§Å¹ÇÑ Àç»êÀ¸·Î¼ ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ°¡ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ°í, ±×·ÎºÎÅÍ
»ý±ä ¼ÒµæÀº Áúº´ÀÇ ¿¹¹æ, õÀç ±³À°, ±×¸®°í Á¤Ä¡ Çб³¿¡¼ Ưº°È÷ Àå·¡°¡ º¸ÀÌ´Â °³ÀεéÀÇ ºñ¿ë°ú °°Àº »çȸÀû
¸ñÀûÀ» À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÁöÇÏ ÀÚ¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â ¼ÒµæÀÇ ¹ÝÀº ³ë³â ¿¬±Ý ±â±ÝÀ¸·Î µé¾î°£´Ù.
72:6.8 (814.10) ÁÖ ¹×
Áö¿ªÀÇ º¸Çè Åë°è Àç´ÜÀÌ ¿©·¯ °¡Áö º¸È£ÇÏ´Â º¸ÇèÀ» °ø±ÞÇÏÁö¸¸, ³ë³â ¿¬±ÝÀº 10°³ Áö¿ª ºÐ°ú¸¦ ÅëÇØ¼ ¿¬¹æ
Á¤ºÎ°¡ Ȧ·Î °ü¸®ÇÑ´Ù.
72:6.9 (814.11) ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ
Á¤ºÎ ±â±ÝÀº ¿À·§µ¿¾È Á¤Á÷ÇÏ°Ô °ü¸®µÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ¹Ý¿ª°ú »ìÀÎ ´ÙÀ½¿¡, ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿¡¼ ³»¸®´Â °¡Àå ¹«°Å¿î ¹úÀº ´ëÁßÀÇ
½ÅÀÓÀ» Àú¹ö¸®´Â µ¥ ³»·ÁÁø´Ù. »çȸ ¹× Á¤Ä¡Àû ºÒÃæÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ¸ðµç ¹üÁË Áß¿¡¼ °¡Àå Èä¾ÇÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©±ä´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
6. Old-Age Insurance
72:6.1 This nation is making a determined
effort to replace the self-respect-destroying type of charity
by dignified government-insurance guarantees of security in
old age. This nation provides every child an education and every
man a job; therefore can it successfully carry out such an insurance
scheme for the protection of the infirm and aged.
72:6.2 Among this people all persons must retire from gainful
pursuit at sixty-five unless they secure a permit from the state
labor commissioner which will entitle them to remain at work
until the age of seventy. This age limit does not apply to government
servants or philosophers. The physically disabled or permanently
crippled can be placed on the retired list at any age by court
order countersigned by the pension commissioner of the regional
government.
72:6.3 The funds for old-age pensions are derived from four
sources:
72:6.4. 1. One day's earnings each month are requisitioned by
the federal government for this purpose, and in this country
everybody works.
72:6.5. 2. Bequests-many wealthy citizens leave funds for this
purpose.
72:6.6. 3. The earnings of compulsory labor in the state mines.
After the conscript workers support themselves and set aside
their own retirement contributions, all excess profits on their
labor are turned over to this pension fund.
72:6.7. 4. The income from natural resources. All natural wealth
on the continent is held as a social trust by the federal government,
and the income therefrom is utilized for social purposes, such
as disease prevention, education of geniuses, and expenses of
especially promising individuals in the statesmanship schools.
One half of the income from natural resources goes to the old-age
pension fund.
72:6.8 Although state and regional actuarial foundations supply
many forms of protective insurance, old-age pensions are solely
administered by the federal government through the ten regional
departments.
72:6.9 These government funds have long been honestly administered.
Next to treason and murder, the heaviest penalties meted out
by the courts are attached to betrayal of public trust. Social
and political disloyalty are now looked upon as being the most
heinous of all crimes.
|
7.
¼¼±Ý
72:7.1 (815.1) ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â ³ë³â
¿¬±ÝÀÇ °ü¸®, ±×¸®°í õÀç¿Í µ¶Ã¢¼ºÀ» À°¼ºÇÏ´Â µ¥¸¸ °£¼·ÇÑ´Ù. ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ´Â Á¶±Ý ´õ °³º° ½Ã¹Î¿¡ °ü½ÉÀ» °¡Áö¸ç,
ÇÑÆí Áö¿ª Á¤ºÎ´Â ÈξÀ ´õ °£¼·Çϰųª »çȸÁÖÀÇÀûÀÌ´Ù. µµ½Ã´Â (¶Ç´Â µµ½ÃÀÇ ¾î¶² ÇÏÀ§ ºÎ¼µéÀº) °Ç°, À§»ý,
°Ç¹° ±ÔÁ¦, ¹ÌÈ(Ú¸ûù), ¹° °ø±Þ, ±×¸®°í Á¶¸í¤ý³¹æ¤ý¿À¶ô¤ýÀ½¾Ç¤ýÅë½Å°ú °°Àº ¹®Á¦¿¡ °ü¿©ÇÑ´Ù.
72:7.2 (815.2) ¾î¶² »ê¾÷¿¡¼µµ
¸ÕÀú °Ç°¿¡ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀδÙ. ¾î¶² ´Ü°èÀÇ À°Ã¼Àû º¹Áö´Â »ê¾÷°ú °øµ¿Ã¼ÀÇ Æ¯±ÇÀ¸·Î °£ÁÖµÇÁö¸¸, °³Àΰú °¡Á·ÀÇ
°Ç° ¹®Á¦´Â °³ÀÎÀÇ °ü½É°Å¸®ÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. ÀǼú¿¡¼´Â, ¼øÀüÈ÷ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ ¹®Á¦ÀÇ °æ¿ìó·³, °£¼·À» »ï°¡´Â
°ÍÀÌ ´õ¿í Á¤ºÎÀÇ °èȹÀÌ µÇ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
72:7.3 (815.3) µµ½Ã´Â
ÀüÇô ¼¼±ÝÀ» ºÎ°úÇÏ´Â ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ¾ø°í, ºúÀ» Áú ¼öµµ ¾ø´Ù. µµ½Ã´Â ÁÖ À繫ºÎ·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸Ó¸® ¼ö¿¡ µû¶ó ¼ö´çÀ» ¹Þ°í,
±×·¯ÇÑ ¼öÀÔ(â¥ìý)À» ±×µéÀÇ »çȸÁÖÀÇÀû ±â¾÷¿¡¼ »ý±ä ¼ÒµæÀ¸·Î, ±×¸®°í ¿©·¯ »ó¾÷ Ȱµ¿¿¡ ¸éÇ㸦 ÁÜÀ¸·Î º¸ÃæÇؾß
ÇÑ´Ù.
72:7.4 (815.4) ±ÞÈ÷ À̵¿ÇÏ´Â
½Ã¼³Àº µµ½Ã Å׵θ®ÀÇ È®ÀåÀ» ´ë´ÜÈ÷ ½Ç¿ë¼º ÀÖ°Ô ¸¸µé¸ç, À̰ÍÀº µµ½ÃÀÇ ÅëÁ¦¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. µµ½ÃÀÇ ¼Ò¹æ(á¼ÛÁ)
ºÎ¼´Â ÈÀç ¹æÁö ¹× º¸Çè Àç´ÜµéÀÇ Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ°í, µµ½Ã³ª ½Ã°ñ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç °Ç¹°Àº ºÒ¿¬¼º(Üôæ×àõ)ÀÌ´Ù¡ª75³âÀÌ
³Ñµµ·Ï ÀÌ·¸°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
72:7.5 (815.5) ½Ã¿¡¼
ÀÓ¸íÇÏ´Â Ä¡¾È ´ã´ç °ü¸®´Â Çϳªµµ ¾ø´Ù. ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ°¡ °æÂû·ÂÀ» °ü¸®ÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌ ºÎ¼´Â 25¼¼ºÎÅÍ 50¼¼ »çÀÌ¿¡
°áÈ¥ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ °ÅÀÇ ÀüºÎ Ãæ¿øµÈ´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÁÖ(ñ¶)´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ³ôÀº µ¶½Å ¼¼±ÝÀ» ºÎ°úÇϰí, À̰ÍÀº
ÁÖ °æÂû¿¡ °¡ÀÔÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç ³²ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Áö±ÞµÈ´Ù. º¸Åë ÁÖ¿¡¼ °æÂû·ÂÀº ÀÌÁ¦ 50³â Àü °æÂû·ÂÀÇ 10ºÐÀÇ 1¹Û¿¡
µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
72:7.6 (815.6) °æÁ¦ ¹×
±âŸ Á¶°ÇÀÌ ´ë·úÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ±¸¿ª¿¡ µû¶ó Å©°Ô ´Ù¸£´Ï±î, ºñ±³Àû ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°í ÁÖ±ÇÀ» °¡Áø 1¹é ÁÖÀÇ ¼¼±Ý °èȹÀº
°ÅÀÇ ¶Ç´Â ÀüÇô ÇѰᰰÁö ¾Ê´Ù. ÁÖ¸¶´Ù 10°³ÀÇ ±âº» Çå¹ý Á¶Ç×ÀÌ ÀÖ°í, À̰͵éÀº ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ Âù¼ºÀÌ
¾øÀÌ °íÄ¥ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ Á¶Ç×µé ÁßÀÇ Çϳª´Â ¾î´À ÇÑ ÇØ¿¡ ¾î¶² Àç»êÀÌ¶óµµ ±× °¡Ä¡¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡
³Ñ´Â ¼¼±ÝÀ» ºÎ°úÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô Çϰí, ÁýÅÍ´Â µµ½ÃÀÌµç ½Ã°ñÀ̵ç, ¿©±â¼ ¸éÁ¦µÈ´Ù.
72:7.7 (815.7) ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â
ºúÀ» Áú ¼ö ¾øÀ¸¸ç, ÀüÀï ¸ñÀûÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇϰí, ¾î¶² ÁÖ¶óµµ µ·À» ºô¸± ¼ö ÀÖ±â Àü¿¡, 4ºÐÀÇ 3ÀÇ ÁֹΠÅõÇ¥°¡
¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù. ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ°¡ ºúÀ» Áú ¼ö ¾øÀ¸´Ï±î, ÀüÀïÀÌ ÀϾ °æ¿ì¿¡, ±¹°¡ ¹æ¾î ȸÀÇ´Â ¿©·¯ ÁÖ¿¡°Ô »ç¶÷°ú
¹°ÀÚ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µ·µµ ³»¶ó°í, ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ´ë·Î ºÎ°úÇÒ ±ÇÇÑÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¾î¶² ºÎäµµ 25³âÀÌ ³Ñ°Ô °è¼ÓµÉ ¼ö
¾ø´Ù.
72:7.8 (815.8) ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ¸¦
Áö¿øÇÏ´Â ¼ÒµæÀº ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ´Ù¼¸ ±Ù¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±ä´Ù:
72:7.9 (815.9) 1. ¼öÀÔ¼¼.
¸ðµç ¼öÀÔǰÀº ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼ »ýȰ ¼öÁØÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ·Á°í °í¾ÈµÈ °ü¼¼¸¦ ¹°¾î¾ß Çϴµ¥, »ýȰ ¼öÁØÀº ±× Ç༺¿¡¼ ´Ù¸¥
¾î´À ³ª¶óº¸´Ù ÈξÀ ³ô´Ù. »ê¾÷ ±¹È¸ÀÇ ¾ç¿ø(Õ×êÂ)ÀÌ °æÁ¦ »ç¹«¸¦ ¸Ã´Â ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ÃßõÀ» ºñÁØÇÑ µÚ¿¡,
ÃÖ°í »ê¾÷ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò°¡ ÀÌ °ü¼¼µéÀ» Á¤Çϴµ¥, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â ÀÌ µÎ ÀÔ¹ý ±â°üÀÌ ÇÕµ¿À¸·Î ÀÓ¸íÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ´Ù. ³ëµ¿ÀÚ°¡
»ê¾÷À» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â »ó¿øÀ» ¼±ÃâÇϰí, ÀÚº»°¡°¡ ÇÏ¿øÀ» ¼±ÃâÇÑ´Ù.
72:7.10 (816.1) 2.
ƯÇã±Ç »ç¿ë·á. ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â 10°³ Áö¿ª ½ÇÇè½Ç¿¡¼ ¹ß¸í°ú »õ·Î¿î âÀÛǰÀ» ±ÇÀåÇϸç, ¿Â°® Á¾·ùÀÇ ÃµÀ硪¿¹¼ú°¡¤ýÀÛ°¡¤ý°úÇÐÀÚ¡ªµéÀ»
¿øÁ¶Çϰí, ±×µéÀÇ Æ¯Ç㸦 º¸È£ÇÑ´Ù. ±× ´ë½Å¿¡ Á¤ºÎ´Â ±â°è, Ã¥, ¿¹¼ú ÀÛǰ, ½Ä¹° ¶Ç´Â µ¿¹°¿¡ °ü°èµÇµçÁö
»ó°ü ¾øÀÌ, ¸ðµç ±×·¯ÇÑ ¹ß¸í°ú âÀÛǰÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±ä ÀÌÀÍÀÇ Àý¹ÝÀ» °¡Áø´Ù.
72:7.11 (816.2) 3.
»ó¼Ó¼¼. ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎ´Â Àç»êÀÇ Å©±â¿Í ±âŸ Á¶°Ç¿¡ µû¶ó¼, 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¿¡¼ 50ÆÛ¼¾Æ®±îÁö ´©ÁøµÇ´Â »ó¼Ó¼¼¸¦ ºÎ°úÇÑ´Ù.
72:7.12 (816.3) 4.
±º»ç Àåºñ. À°±º ¹× ÇØ±º Àåºñ¸¦ »ó¾÷ ¹× ¿À¶ô ¿ëµµ·Î ºô·Á ÁÜÀ¸·Î »ó´çÇÑ ±Ý¾×À» ¹ø´Ù.
72:7.13 (816.4) 5.
ÀÚ¿¬ ÀÚ¿ø. ÀÚ¿¬ ÀÚ¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý±â´Â ¼ÒµæÀº, ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÁÖ ÇåÀå¿¡ ÁöÁ¤µÈ Ưº°ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ÀüºÎ ¿ä±¸µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ»
¶§, ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ±¹°¡ÀÇ ±Ý°í·Î ³Ñ°ÜÁø´Ù.
72:7.14 (816.5) ±¹°¡
¹æ¾î ȸÀǰ¡ Æò°¡ÇÑ ÀüÀï ±â±ÝÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇϰí, ¿¬¹æ Á¤ºÎÀÇ ¿¹»êÀº ÀÔ¹ýÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â »ó¿ø¿¡¼ ½ÃÀ۵ǰí, ÇÏ¿øÀÇ µ¿ÀǸ¦
¾ò°í, ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀ» ¹Þ°í, ¸¶Áö¸·¿¡ 1¹é ¸íÀ¸·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁø ¿¬¹æ ¿¹»ê À§¿øÈ¸°¡ À̸¦ À¯È¿ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µç´Ù.
ÀÌ À§¿øÈ¸ÀÇ È¸¿øµéÀº ÁÖÁö»çÀÇ Áö¸íÀ» ¹Þ°í, 24³â µ¿¾È ±Ù¹«Çϵµ·Ï ÁÖ ÀÇȸ°¡ ¼±ÃâÇϸç, 4ºÐÀÇ 1À» 6³â¸¶´Ù
¼±ÃâÇÑ´Ù. 6³â¸¶´Ù ÀÌ ±â°üÀº, 4ºÐÀÇ 3 ÅõÇ¥·Î ±× Áß¿¡¼ ÇÑ »ç¶÷À» ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®·Î ¼±ÅÃÇϰí, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ±×´Â ¿¬¹æ
À繫ºÎÀÇ ÁöµµÀÚÀÌÀÚ ÅëÁ¦ÀÚ°¡ µÈ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
7. Taxation
72:7.1 The federal government is paternalistic
only in the administration of old-age pensions and in the fostering
of genius and creative originality; the state governments are
slightly more concerned with the individual citizen, while the
local governments are much more paternalistic or socialistic.
The city (or some subdivision thereof) concerns itself with
such matters as health, sanitation, building regulations, beautification,
water supply, lighting, heating, recreation, music, and communication.
72:7.2 In all industry first attention is paid to health; certain
phases of physical well-being are regarded as industrial and
community prerogatives, but individual and family health problems
are matters of personal concern only. In medicine, as in all
other purely personal matters, it is increasingly the plan of
government to refrain from interfering.
72:7.3 Cities have no taxing power, neither can they go in debt.
They receive per capita allowances from the state treasury and
must supplement such revenue from the earnings of their socialistic
enterprises and by licensing various commercial activities.
72:7.4 The rapid-transit facilities, which make it practical
greatly to extend the city boundaries, are under municipal control.
The city fire departments are supported by the fire-prevention
and insurance foundations, and all buildings, in city or country,
are fireproof?have been for over seventy-five years.
72:7.5 There are no municipally appointed peace officers; the
police forces are maintained by the state governments. This
department is recruited almost entirely from the unmarried men
between twenty-five and fifty. Most of the states assess a rather
heavy bachelor tax, which is remitted to all men joining the
state police. In the average state the police force is now only
one tenth as large as it was fifty years ago.
72:7.6 There is little or no uniformity among the taxation schemes
of the one hundred comparatively free and sovereign states as
economic and other conditions vary greatly in different sections
of the continent. Every state has ten basic constitutional provisions
which cannot be modified except by consent of the federal supreme
court, and one of these articles prevents levying a tax of more
than one per cent on the value of any property in any one year,
homesites, whether in city or country, being exempted.
72:7.7 The federal government cannot go in debt, and a three-fourths
referendum is required before any state can borrow except for
purposes of war. Since the federal government cannot incur debt,
in the event of war the National Council of Defense is empowered
to assess the states for money, as well as for men and materials,
as it may be required. But no debt may run for more than twenty-five
years.
72:7.8 Income to support the federal government is derived from
the following five sources:
72:7.9. 1. Import! duties. All import!s are subject to a tariff
designed to protect the standard of living on this continent,
which is far above that of any other nation on the planet. These
tariffs are set by the highest industrial court after both houses
of the industrial congress have ratified the recommendations
of the chief executive of economic affairs, who is the joint
appointee of these two legislative bodies. The upper industrial
house is elected by labor, the lower by capital.
72:7.10. 2. Royalties. The federal government encourages invention
and original creations in the ten regional laboratories, assisting
all types of geniuses-artists, authors, and scientists-and protecting
their patents. In return the government takes one half the profits
realized from all such inventions and creations, whether pertaining
to machines, books, artistry, plants, or animals.
72:7.11. 3. Inheritance tax. The federal government levies a
graduated inheritance tax ranging from one to fifty per cent,
depending on the size of an estate as well as on other conditions.
72:7.12. 4. Military equipment. The government earns a considerable
sum from the leasing of military and naval equipment for commercial
and recreational usages.
72:7.13. 5. Natural resources. The income from natural resources,
when not fully required for the specific purposes designated
in the charter of federal statehood, is turned into the national
treasury.
72:7.14 Federal appropriations, except war funds assessed by
the National Council of Defense, are originated in the upper
legislative house, concurred in by the lower house, approved
by the chief executive, and finally validated by the federal
budget commission of one hundred. The members of this commission
are nominated by the state governors and elected by the state
legislatures to serve for twenty-four years, one quarter being
elected every six years. Every six years this body, by a three-fourths
ballot, chooses one of its number as chief, and he thereby becomes
director-controller of the federal treasury.
|
8.
Ưº° ÇкÎ
72:8.1 (816.6) 5»ìºÎÅÍ 18»ì±îÁö
À̾îÁö´Â ±âº» Àǹ« ±³À° ÇÁ·Î±×¶÷¿¡ º¸Å¼, Ưº° Çб³µéÀÌ ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù:
72:8.2 (816.7) 1. Á¤Ä¡
Çб³. ÀÌ Çб³µéÀº ±¹°¡¤ýÁö¿ª¤ýÁÖ(ñ¶), ÀÌ ¼¼ µî±ÞÀ¸·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ±¹°¡ÀÇ °øÁ÷Àº 4 ºÎ¹®À¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÈ´Ù.
°øÁ÷ÀÇ Ã¹Â° ºÎ¹®Àº ÁÖ·Î ±¹°¡ ÇàÁ¤¿¡ °ü°èµÇ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀÇ °ü¸®µéÀº ¸ðµÎ, Áö¿ªÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³¿Í ±¹°¡ Á¤Ä¡(ïÙö½)
Çб³¸¦ Á¹¾÷ÇÑ ÀÚ¶ó¾ß µÈ´Ù. °³ÀεéÀº 10°³ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³ Áß ¾îµðµç Á¹¾÷ÇÏ°í ³ª¼, µÑ° ºÎ¹®¿¡¼, Á¤Ä¡Àû
Á÷Ã¥À̳ª, ¼±°Å¸¦ ÅëÇÑ Á÷Ã¥À̳ª ÀÓ¸íµÈ Á÷Ã¥À» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿©µµ ÁÁ´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ¸Ã´Â ÀÓ¹«´Â Áö¿ª ÇàÁ¤°ú ÁÖ Á¤ºÎ¿¡
ÀÖ´Â Á÷Ã¥¿¡ °ü°èµÈ´Ù. Á¦3 ºÎ¹®Àº ÁÖ Á¤ºÎÀÇ Á÷Ã¥À̸ç, ±×·¯ÇÑ °ü¸®µéÀº ¿ÀÁ÷ ÁÖÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¼ÒÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ
¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù. ³Ý°ÀÌÀÚ ¸¶Áö¸· ºÎ¹®ÀÇ °ü¸®µéÀº Á¤Ä¡ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¼ÒÁöÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÇÁö ¾Ê°í, ±×·¯ÇÑ Á÷Ã¥Àº ¸ðµÎ Áö¸íµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ·± Á÷Ã¥Àº ÀÛÀº Á¶¼ö ÀÚ¸®, ºñ¼Á÷, ±â¼ú Á÷Ã¥À̸ç, Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÇàÁ¤ ÀÚ°Ý¿¡¼ Ȱµ¿ÇÏ´Â ÇÐ½Ä ÀÖ´Â ¿©·¯ Á÷Á¾ÀÌ
±× ÀÏÀ» ¼öÇàÇÑ´Ù.
72:8.3 (816.8) ¼ÒÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿Í
ÁÖ ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº ÁÖ(ñ¶)ÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³¿¡¼ ¹ÞÀº ÇÐÀ§¸¦ Áö´Ï°í ÀÖ´Ù. »çȸ¤ý±³À°¤ý»ê¾÷ÀÇ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ´Ù·ç´Â »ç¹ý
ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº Áö¿ª Çб³ÀÇ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ¼ÒÁöÇÑ´Ù. ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ÀçÆÇ¼ÒÀÇ ÆÇ»çµéÀº ÀÌ ¸ðµç Á¤Ä¡ Çб³·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÞÀº
ÇÐÀ§¸¦ °¡Á®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
72:8.4 (817.1) 2. öÇÐ
Çб³. ÀÌ Çб³µéÀº öÇÐÀÇ Àü´ç(îüÓÑ)°ú ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ°í, °ø°ø ±â´ÉÀ¸·Î¼ ¾ó¸¶Å Á¾±³¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ´Ù.
72:8.5 (817.2) 3. °úÇÐ
±â°ü. ÀÌ ±â¼ú Çб³µéÀº ±³À° ü°èº¸´Ù ¿ÀÈ÷·Á »ê¾÷°ú Á¶Á¤µÇ¸ç, 15 ºÎ¹® ¹Ø¿¡¼ °ü¸®µÈ´Ù.
72:8.6 (817.3) 4. Àü¹®Á÷
ÈÆ·Ã Çб³. ÀÌ Æ¯º° ±â°üµéÀº 12 °¡ÁöÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ Çй® Á÷Á¾À» À§ÇÏ¿© ±â¼ú ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù.
72:8.7 (817.4) 5. À°±º
Çб³¿Í ÇØ±º Çб³. ±¹°¡ º»ºÎ °¡±îÀÌ, ±×¸®°í ÇØ¾È¿¡ ÀÖ´Â 25°³ÀÇ ±º»ç Á߽ɿ¡´Â, 18¼¼ºÎÅÍ 30¼¼±îÁö ÀÚ¿øÇÏ´Â
½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ±º»ç ÈÆ·Ã¿¡ Àü³äÇÏ´Â ±â°üµéÀÌ À¯ÁöµÈ´Ù. 25¼¼°¡ µÇ±â Àü¿¡ ÀÌ Çб³µé¿¡ ÀÔÇÐÇÏ·Á¸é ºÎ¸ðÀÇ ½ÂÀÎÀÌ ¿ä±¸µÈ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
8. The Special Colleges
72:8.1 In addition to the basic compulsory
education program extending from the ages of five to eighteen,
special schools are maintained as follows:
72:8.2. 1. Statesmanship schools. These schools are of three
classes: national, regional, and state. The public offices of
the nation are grouped in four divisions. The first division
of public trust pertains principally to the national administration,
and all officeholders of this group must be graduates of both
regional and national schools of statesmanship. Individuals
may accept political, elective, or appointive office in the
second division upon graduating from any one of the ten regional
schools of statesmanship; their trusts concern responsibilities
in the regional administration and the state governments. Division
three includes state responsibilities, and such officials are
only required to have state degrees of statesmanship. The fourth
and last division of officeholders are not required to hold
statesmanship degrees, such offices being wholly appointive.
They represent minor positions of assistantship, secretaryships,
and technical trusts which are discharged by the various learned
professions functioning in governmental administrative capacities.
72:8.3 Judges of the minor and state courts hold degrees from
the state schools of statesmanship. Judges of the jurisdictional
tribunals of social, educational, and industrial matters hold
degrees from the regional schools. Judges of the federal supreme
court must hold degrees from all these schools of statesmanship.
72:8.4. 2. Schools of philosophy. These schools are affiliated
with the temples of philosophy and are more or less associated
with religion as a public function.
72:8.5. 3. Institutions of science. These technical schools
are co-ordinated with industry rather than with the educational
system and are administered under fifteen divisions.
72:8.6. 4. Professional training schools. These special institutions
provide the technical training for the various learned professions,
twelve in number.
72:8.7. 5. Military and naval schools. Near the national headquarters
and at the twenty-five coastal military centers are maintained
those institutions devoted to the military training of volunteer
citizens from eighteen to thirty years of age. Parental consent
is required before twenty-five in order to gain entrance to
these schools.
|
9.
º¸Åë ÅõÇ¥°èȹ
72:9.1 (817.5) ¸ðµç °øÁ÷ Èĺ¸ÀÚ´Â
ÁÖ¤ýÁö¿ª, ¶Ç´Â ¿¬¹æÀÇ Á¤Ä¡ Çб³ Á¹¾÷»ýµé¿¡°Ô Á¦ÇѵǾî À־, ÀÌ ³ª¶óÀÇ ÁøÃëÀû ÁöµµÀÚµéÀº º¸Åë ÅõÇ¥ °èȹ¿¡¼
½É°¢ÇÑ ¾àÁ¡À» ¹ß°ßÇßÀ¸¸ç, ¾à 50³â Àü¿¡ ¼öÁ¤µÈ ÅõÇ¥ °èȹÀ» À§ÇÑ Çå¹ý Á¶Ä¡¸¦ ¸¶·ÃÇߴµ¥, À̰ÍÀº ´ÙÀ½°ú
°°Àº Ư¡À» °¡Áø´Ù:
72:9.2 (817.6) 1. 20¼¼
ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¸ðµç ³²ÀÚ¿Í ¿©ÀÚ´Â ÇÑ Ç¥¸¦ °¡Áø´Ù. ÀÌ ³ªÀ̰¡ µÇ°í ³ª¼, ¸ðµç ½Ã¹ÎÀº µÎ ÅõÇ¥ Áý´Ü¿¡¼ ȸ¿ø ÀÚ°ÝÀ»
¹Þ¾Æµé¿©¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. °æÁ¦ Ȱµ¿¡ª»ê¾÷¤ýÀü¹®Á÷¤ý³ó¾÷ ¶Ç´Â ¹«¿ª Ȱµ¿¡ª¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ±×µéÀº ù° Áý´Ü¿¡ Âü°¡ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
Á¤Ä¡¤ýöÇФý»çȸÀû °æÇâ¿¡ µû¶ó¼ µÑ° Áý´Ü¿¡ µé¾î°¡°Ô µÈ´Ù. ÀÌó·³ ¸ðµç ³ëµ¿ÀÚ´Â ¼±°Å±ÇÀ» °¡Áø ¾î¶² °æÁ¦
Áý´Ü¿¡ ¼ÓÇϸç, ÀÌ Á¶ÇÕµéÀº ºñ°æÁ¦ »çȸµé°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, ¼¼ °¡Áö·Î ±Ç·ÂÀÌ ºÐ»êµÈ ±¹°¡ Á¤ºÎ¿Í ¾ÆÁÖ ºñ½ÁÇϰÔ
ÅëÁ¦µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ Áý´Ü¿¡ µî·ÏÇÑ °ÍÀº 12³â µ¿¾È ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
72:9.3 (817.7) 2. ÁÖÁö»ç
ȤÀº Áö¿ª ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ Áö¸íÀ» ¹Þ°í ³ª¼, Áö¿ª ÃÖ°í ȸÀÇÀÇ ¸í·É¿¡ µû¶ó¼, »çȸ¿¡ Å©°Ô ºÀ»çÇ߰ųª ¶Ç´Â Á¤ºÎ¿¡
±Ù¹«ÇÏ¸é¼ ºñ»óÇÑ ÁöÇý¸¦ º¸ÀÎ °³ÀεéÀº 5³â ÀÌ»óÀÇ ±â°£¸¶´Ù ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¼ö¿©µÈ Ãß°¡ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» ¹Þ¾Æµµ ÁÁÀ¸¸ç,
±× ÃÊ¿ù ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀº 9À» ³ÑÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. ¾î´À º¹¼ö ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» °¡Áø ÀÚµµ ±× ÃÖ´ë ÅõÇ¥´Â 10ÀÌ´Ù. °úÇÐÀÚ¤ý¹ß¸í°¡¤ý¼±»ý¤ýöÇÐÀÚ,
¿µÀû ÁöµµÀÚ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ´Ã¾î³ Á¤Ä¡ ±Ç·ÂÀ» ¹ÞÀ½À¸·Î ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÀÎÁ¤¹Þ°í ¿µ¿¹¸¦ ¾ò´Â´Ù. Ưº° Çкΰ¡ ÇÐÀ§¸¦ ÁÖ´Â °Í°ú
¾ÆÁÖ ºñ½ÁÇϰÔ, ÁÖ¿Í Áö¿ªÀÇ ÃÖ°í ȸÀǰ¡ ÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁø ½Ã¹Î Ư±ÇÀ» ¼ö¿©Çϴµ¥, ¼ö·ÉÀÚ´Â ´Ù¸¥ ÇÐÀ§¿Í ÇÔ²², ¸ö¼Ò
ÀÌ·èÇÑ ¾÷ÀûÀÇ ¸ñ·Ï¿¡ ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ ÀÎÁ¤À» ¹Þ´Â ±×·¯ÇÑ »ó¡À» º¸Å´ °Í¿¡ ±àÁö¸¦ ´À³¤´Ù.
72:9.4 (817.8) 3. ±¤»ê¿¡¼
°Á¦ ³ëµ¿À» Ç϶ó°í ÆÇ°áÀ» ¹ÞÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷, ±×¸®°í ¼¼±ÝÀ¸·Î Áö¿øÀ» ¹Þ´Â ¸ðµç Á¤ºÎ °ø¹«¿øÀº ±×·¯ÇÑ ±Ù¹« ±â°£¿¡,
ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» ÀҴ´Ù. À̰ÍÀº 65¼¼¿¡ ¿¬±ÝÀ» ¹Þ°í ÀºÅðÇÏ´Â ³ªÀÌ µç »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô Àû¿ëµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
72:9.5 (817.9) 4. 5³â¸¶´Ù
³½ ¿¬Æò±Õ ¼¼±ÝÀ» ¹Ý¿µÇÏ´Â ÅõÇ¥±Ç¿¡´Â ´Ù¼¸ µî±ÞÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ¼¼±ÝÀ» ¸¹ÀÌ ³½ ÀÚ´Â 5Ç¥±îÁö Ãß°¡ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀÌ Çã¶ôµÈ´Ù.
ÀÌ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀÇ ¼ö¿©´Â ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ ÀÎÁ¤°ú »ó°ü ¾øÁö¸¸, ¾î¶² °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ´©±¸µçÁö 10Ç¥°¡ ³Ñ°Ô ´øÁú ¼ö ¾ø´Ù.
72:9.6 (818.1) 5. ÀÌ ¼±°Å±Ç °èȹÀÌ Ã¤ÅõǾúÀ» ¶§, °æÁ¦ ü°è, °ð ±â´ÉÀû ü°è¸¦ ÁöÁöÇϰí Áö¿ª
ÅõÇ¥ ¹æ¹ýÀ» Æ÷±âÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¸ðµç ½Ã¹ÎÀº ÀÌÁ¦ °Åó¿¡ »ó°ü ¾øÀÌ, »ê¾÷¤ý»çȸ, ¶Ç´Â Àü¹®Á÷ Áý´ÜÀÇ È¸¿øÀ¸·Î¼ ÅõÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.
±×·¡¼ À¯±ÇÀÚ´Â Á¤ºÎÀÇ ½Å·Ú¿Í Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¸Ã´Â ÀÚ¸®¿¡ °¡Àå ÀÚ°Ý Àִ ȸ¿øµé¸¸ »Ì´Â, ´Ü°áµÇ°í ¹¶ÃÄÁø ÃѸíÇÑ Áý´ÜÀ¸·Î
±¸¼ºµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ±â´É ÅõÇ¥±Ç, °ð Áý´Ü ÅõÇ¥±Ç °èȹ¿¡ ÇÑ °¡Áö ¿¹¿Ü°¡ ÀÖ´Ù: 6³â¸¶´Ù ¿¬¹æÀÇ ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚ´Â Àü±¹
ÅõÇ¥·Î ¼±ÃâµÇ¸ç, ¾î´À ½Ã¹Îµµ ÇÑ Ç¥¹Û¿¡ ´øÁöÁö ¸øÇÑ´Ù.
72:9.7 (818.2) ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ
¼±°Å¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí, ÀÌó·³ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀº ½Ã¹ÎÀÇ °æÁ¦Àû¤ýÁ÷¾÷Àû¤ýÁöÀû¤ý»çȸÀû ºÐ·ù¿¡ µû¶ó¼ Çà»çµÈ´Ù. ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ ±¹°¡´Â
À¯±âüÀ̸ç, ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°í ÁöÀûÀÎ ¸ðµç ½Ã¹Î Áý´ÜÀº ±×º¸´Ù Å« À¯±âüÀÎ Á¤ºÎ ¾È¿¡¼ ÇϳªÀÇ Áß´ëÇϰí ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ±â°ü(Ðïί)À»
´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù.
72:9.8 (818.3) Á¤Ä¡ Çб³µéÀº
°áÇÔÀÌ Àְųª, °ÔÀ¸¸£°Å³ª, ¹«°ü½ÉÇϰųª, ¹üÁ˼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¾î¶² °³ÀÎÇÑÅ×¼µµ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» »©¾ÑÀ» Àǵµ¸¦ °¡Áö°í,
¹ýÀû ÀýÂ÷¸¦ ÁÖ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿¡¼ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â ±ÇÇÑÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇÑ ³ª¶óÀÇ 50ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡ ¿µîÇϰųª °áÇÔÀÌ
ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼ ÅõÇ¥±ÇÀ» °¡Áú ¶§, ±×·± ³ª¶ó°¡ ¸ÁÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» Çì¾Æ¸°´Ù. ±×µéÀº Æò¹üÀÌ Áö¹èÇÏ¸é ¾î¶² ³ª¶óµµ ¸ê¸ÁÇÑ´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» ¹Ï´Â´Ù. ÅõÇ¥´Â Àǹ«À̸ç, ÅõÇ¥¸¦ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¹«°Å¿î ¹ú±ÝÀÌ ºÎ°úµÈ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
9. The Plan of Universal Suffrage
72:9.1 Although candidates for all public
offices are restricted to graduates of the state, regional,
or federal schools of statesmanship, the progressive leaders
of this nation discovered a serious weakness in their plan of
universal suffrage and about fifty years ago made constitutional
provision for a modified scheme of voting which embraces the
following features:
72:9.2. 1. Every man and woman of twenty years and over has
one vote. Upon attaining this age, all citizens must accept
membership in two voting groups: They will join the first in
accordance with their economic function-industrial, professional,
agricultural, or trade; they will enter the second group according
to their political, philosophic, and social inclinations. All
workers thus belong to some economic franchise group, and these
guilds, like the noneconomic associations, are regulated much
as is the national government with its threefold division of
powers. Registration in these groups cannot be changed for twelve
years.
72:9.3. 2. Upon nomination by the state governors or by the
regional executives and by the mandate of the regional supreme
councils, individuals who have rendered great service to society,
or who have demonstrated extraordinary wisdom in government
service, may have additional votes conferred upon them not oftener
than every five years and not to exceed nine such superfranchises.
The maximum suffrage of any multiple voter is ten. Scientists,
inventors, teachers, philosophers, and spiritual leaders are
also thus recognized and honored with augmented political power.
These advanced civic privileges are conferred by the state and
regional supreme councils much as degrees are bestowed by the
special colleges, and the recipients are proud to attach the
symbols of such civic recognition, along with their other degrees,
to their lists of personal achievements.
72:9.4. 3. All individuals sentenced to compulsory labor in
the mines and all governmental servants supported by tax funds
are, for the periods of such services, disenfranchised. This
does not apply to aged persons who may be retired on pensions
at sixty-five.
72:9.5. 4. There are five brackets of suffrage reflecting the
average yearly taxes paid for each half-decade period. Heavy
taxpayers are permitted extra votes up to five. This grant is
independent of all other recognition, but in no case can any
person cast over ten ballots.
72:9.6. 5. At the time this franchise plan was adopted, the
territorial method of voting was abandoned in favor of the economic
or functional system. All citizens now vote as members of industrial,
social, or professional groups, regardless of their residence.
Thus the electorate consists of solidified, unified, and intelligent
groups who elect only their best members to positions of governmental
trust and responsibility. There is one exception to this scheme
of functional or group suffrage: The election of a federal chief
executive every six years is by nation-wide ballot, and no citizen
casts over one vote.
72:9.7 Thus, except in the election of the chief executive,
suffrage is exercised by economic, professional, intellectual,
and social groupings of the citizenry. The ideal state is organic,
and every free and intelligent group of citizens represents
a vital and functioning organ within the larger governmental
organism.
72:9.8 The schools of statesmanship have power to start proceedings
in the state courts looking toward the disenfranchisement of
any defective, idle, indifferent, or criminal individual. These
people recognize that, when fifty per cent of a nation is inferior
or defective and possesses the ballot, such a nation is doomed.
They believe the dominance of mediocrity spells the downfall
of any nation. Voting is compulsory, heavy fines being assessed
against all who fail to cast their ballots.
|
10.
¹üÁË ´Ù·ç±â
72:10.1 (818.4) ÀÌ Á¾Á·ÀÌ ¹üÁË,
±¤±â(ÎÊѨ), Åðȸ¦ ´Ù·ç´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾î¶² ¸é¿¡¼ À¯ÄèÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀǽÉÇÒ ¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ, ´Ù¸¥ ¸é¿¡¼´Â ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀο¡°Ô
Ãæ°ÝÀÓÀÌ µå·¯³¯ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¹üÁËÀÚ¿Í °áÇÔ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚ¸¦ º¸Åë ¼ºº°¿¡ µû¶ó¼, ´Ù¸¥ ³ó¾÷ ½Ä¹ÎÁö¿¡ º¸³»¸ç, ±×µéÀº
ÀÚ±ÞÇÏ°íµµ ³²´Â´Ù. ±×º¸´Ù ´õ ½É°¢ÇÑ ½À°ü¼º ¹üÁËÀÚ¿Í Ä¡·áÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀÌ ¹ÌÄ£ ÀÚ´Â Á×ÀÌ´Â °¡½º ¹æ¿¡¼ Á×µµ·Ï
ÀçÆÇ¼Ò¿¡¼ ¼±°í¸¦ ¹Þ´Â´Ù. »ìÀÎÀº º°µµ·Î Çϰí, Á¤ºÎÀÇ ½ÅÀÓÀ» Àú¹ö¸®´Â °ÍÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇØ¼, ¼ö¸¹Àº ¹üÁ˰¡ ¶ÇÇÑ
»çÇü(ÞÝúý)À» ¹ÞÀ¸¸ç, ÆÇ°áÀÇ ½ÃÇàÀº ºÐ¸íÇÏ°í ºü¸£´Ù.
72:10.2 (818.5) ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº
¹ýÀÇ ºÎÁ¤Àû ½Ã´ë·ÎºÎÅÍ ±àÁ¤Àû ½Ã´ë·Î Áö³ª°¡°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿äÁîÀ½¿¡ ±×µéÀº »ìÀΰú Å« ¹üÁ˸¦ ÀúÁö¸¦ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í
»ý°¢µÇ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ±¸·ù ½Ä¹ÎÁö¿¡¼ Á¾½ÅÀ¸·Î ±Ù¹«Çϵµ·Ï ¼±°íÇÏ¿© ¹üÁË ¹æÁö¸¦ ½ÃµµÇÒ Á¤µµ±îÁö À̸£·¶´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ
Á˼öµéÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ ´õ Á¤»óÀ¸·Î µÇ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» º¸À̸é, °¡¼®¹æ(Ê£à·Û¯)µÇ°Å³ª »ç¸éÀ» ¹ÞÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ´ë·ú¿¡¼
»ìÀÎÀ²Àº ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµéÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÇ °Ü¿ì 1ÆÛ¼¾Æ®ÀÌ´Ù.
72:10.3 (818.6) Á˼ö¿Í
°áÇÔ ÀÖ´Â ÀÚµéÀÇ ¹ø½ÄÀ» ¸·À¸·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀÌ 1¹é ³âµµ ´õ Àü¿¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú°í, ÀÌ¹Ì ÈíÁ·ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ³º¾Ò´Ù. ¹ÌÄ£
»ç¶÷À» À§ÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¹«·± °¨¿ÁÀ̳ª º´¿øÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ÇÑ °¡Áö ÀÌÀ¯´Â, ÀÌ Áý´ÜÀÌ À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °ÍÀÇ °Ü¿ì 10ÆÛ¼¾Æ®¹Û¿¡
¾È µÇ±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
10. Dealing with Crime
72:10.1 The methods of this people in dealing
with crime, insanity, and degeneracy, while in some ways pleasing,
will, no doubt, in others prove shocking to most Urantians.
Ordinary criminals and the defectives are placed, by sexes,
in different agricultural colonies and are more than self-supporting.
The more serious habitual criminals and the incurably insane
are sentenced to death in the lethal gas chambers by the courts.
Numerous crimes aside from murder, including betrayal of governmental
trust, also carry the death penalty, and the visitation of justice
is sure and swift.
72:10.2 These people are passing out of the negative into the
positive era of law. Recently they have gone so far as to attempt
the prevention of crime by sentencing those who are believed
to be potential murderers and major criminals to life service
in the detention colonies. If such convicts subsequently demonstrate
that they have become more normal, they may be either paroled
or pardoned. The homicide rate on this continent is only one
per cent of that among the other nations.
72:10.3 Efforts to prevent the breeding of criminals and defectives
were begun over one hundred years ago and have already yielded
gratifying results. There are no prisons or hospitals for the
insane. For one reason, there are only about ten per cent as
many of these groups as are found on Urantia.
|
11.
±º´ëÀÇ Áغñ »óÅÂ
72:11.1 (818.7) ±¹°¡ ¹æ¾î ȸÀÇÀÇ
ÃÑÀç´Â ¿¬¹æ ±º»ç Çб³ÀÇ Á¹¾÷»ýµéÀ» ´É·Â°ú °æÇè¿¡ µû¶ó¼, Àϰö °è±ÞÀ¸·Î, ¡°¹®¸íÀÇ ¼öÈ£ÀÚ¡±·Î ÀÓ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ´Â 25¸íÀÇ È¸¿øÀ¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î Àִµ¥, °¡Àå ³ôÀº ºÎ¸ð ÀçÆÇ¼Ò, ±³À° ÀçÆÇ¼Ò, »ê¾÷ ÀçÆÇ¼Ò°¡ ±×µéÀ»
Áö¸íÇϰí, ¿¬¹æ ÃÖ°í ¹ýÁ¤ÀÌ À̸¦ È®ÀÎÇØ ÁÖ¸ç, ÀÌ È¸ÀÇ¿¡¼ Á¶Á¤µÈ ±º»ç(ÏÚÞÀ) Âü¸ðÁøÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®°¡ Á÷±Ç»ó
ÀÇÀåÀ» ¸Ã´Â´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ È¸¿øµéÀº 70¼¼°¡ µÇ±â±îÁö ±Ù¹«ÇÑ´Ù.
72:11.2 (819.1) ±×·¯ÇÑ
ÀÓ¸í¹ÞÀº Àå±³µéÀÌ Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤Àº 4³â °É¸®°í, º¯ÇÔ¾øÀÌ ¾î¶² »ó¾÷À̳ª Àü¹®Á÷ÀÇ Åë´Þ°ú °ü°èµÈ´Ù. °ü°èµÈ ÀÌ
»ê¾÷¤ý°úÇÐ, ¶Ç´Â Àü¹®Á÷ÀÇ ±³À°À» ¹ÞÁö ¾Ê°í´Â ±º»ç ÈÆ·ÃÀ» °áÄÚ ÁÖÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±º»ç ÈÆ·ÃÀÌ ³¡³µÀ» ¶§, °³ÀÎÀº
4³â °úÁ¤ µ¿¾È¿¡, ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î °úÁ¤ÀÌ 4³â °É¸®´Â ¾î´À Ưº° Çб³¿¡¼ ³ª´©¾î ÁÖ´Â ±³À°ÀÇ Àý¹ÝÀ» ¹ÞÀº °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ±â¼ú ¶Ç´Â Àü¹®Á÷ ÈÆ·ÃÀÇ Ã³À½ Àý¹ÝÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡, ´Ù¼öÀÇ ³²Àڵ鿡°Ô ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ºÎ¾çÇÒ ±âȸ¸¦
¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁÜÀ¸·Î, Á÷¾÷ ±ºÀÎ °è±ÞÀÇ Ã¢¼³À» ÇÇÇÑ´Ù.
72:11.3 (819.2) ÆòÈ
½ÃÀý¿¡ ±º´ë º¹¹«´Â ¼øÀüÈ÷ ÀÚ¿øÀ̸ç, ¾î´À ÁöºÎ¿¡¼ ±Ù¹«ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ º¹¹«´Â 4³â µ¿¾ÈÀÌ´Ù. ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ¸ðµç ³²ÀÚ´Â
±º»ç Àü¼úÀ» Åë´ÞÇÏ´Â °Í ¿Ü¿¡ ¾î´À Ưº°ÇÑ Á÷Á¾ÀÇ ¿¬±¸¸¦ Ãß±¸ÇÑ´Ù. À½¾Ç ÈÆ·ÃÀ» ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀº Áß¾Ó ±º»ç Çб³¿¡¼,
±×¸®°í ±× ´ë·úÀÇ º¯µÎ¸® ±Ùó¿¡ Èð¾îÁ® ÀÖ´Â 25°³ ÈÆ·Ã¼Ò¿¡¼, ÁÖ¿äÇÑ Áñ°Å¿ò Áß¿¡ ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù. »ê¾÷ÀÌ ÇÑ»êÇÑ
±â°£¿¡ ¼öõ ¸íÀÇ ½Ç¾÷ÀÚ°¡ À°Áö¿Í ¹Ù´Ù¿Í °øÁß¿¡¼ ´ë·úÀÇ ±º»ç ¹æ¾î¸¦ °ÈÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ÀÌ¿ëµÈ´Ù.
72:11.4 (819.3) µÑ·¯½Ñ
Àû´ë ¹ÎÁ·µéÀÇ Ä§°ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹æ¾î·Î¼ ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ °·ÂÇÑ ÀüÀï ½Ã¼³À» À¯ÁöÇÏÁö¸¸, 1¹é ³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï ±×µéÀÌ ÀÌ
±º»ç ÀÚ¿øÀ» °ø°ÝÇÏ´Â ÀüÀï¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±×µéÀÇ ¸í¿¹·Î ±â·ÏÇØµµ ÁÁ´Ù. ÀüÀï ´É·ÂÀ» °ø°Ý¿¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ·Á´Â
À¯È¤¿¡ ¹«¸ ²ÝÁö ¾Ê°í¼, ¹®¸íÀ» ÈûÂ÷°Ô Áöų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â Á¡±îÁö ±×µéÀº ¹®¸íȵǾú´Ù. ÅëÀÏµÈ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡°¡ ¼¼¿öÁø
ÀÌÈÄ·Î ¾Æ¹« ³»¶õÀÌ ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸, ÀÌ »ç¶÷µéÀº Áö³ 2¼¼±â µ¿¾È ¾ÆÈ© ¹øÀ̳ª ¸Í·ÄÈ÷ ¹æ¾î ÀüÀïÀ» ¼öÇàÇϵµ·Ï ¿ä±¸µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç,
±× °¡¿îµ¥ ¼ÂÀº °·ÂÇÑ ¼¼°è ¿°ÀÇ ¿¬¹æ¿¡ ´ëÇ×ÇÑ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù. ºñ·Ï ÀÌ ³ª¶ó°¡ Àû´ëÇÏ´Â ÀÌ¿ôµéÀÇ °ø°Ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼
ÀûÀýÇÑ ¹æ¾î¸¦ À¯ÁöÇÏÁö¸¸, ±× ³ª¶ó´Â Á¤Ä¡°¡¤ý°úÇÐÀÚ¤ýöÇÐÀÚ¸¦ ÈÆ·ÃÇÏ´Â µ¥ ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ÁÖÀǸ¦ ±â¿ïÀδÙ.
72:11.5 (819.4) ¼¼°è¿Í
Æòȸ¦ ´©¸®°í ÀÖÀ» ¶§, À̵¿ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ¹æ¾î ÀåÄ¡´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¹«¿ª¤ý»ó¾÷¤ý¿À¶ô¿¡ °í¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÀüÀïÀÌ
¼±Æ÷µÉ ¶§´Â ³ª¶ó Àüü°¡ µ¿¿øµÈ´Ù. ÀüÀï ±â°£À» ÅëÇØ¼ ³»³», ¸ðµç »ê¾÷¿¡¼ ±º´ë ÀÓ±ÝÀÌ ÁöºÒµÇ¸ç, ¸ðµç ±º»ç
ºÐ°úÀÇ ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®µéÀº ÃÖ°í ÁýÇàÀÚÀÇ ³»°¢¿¡¼ ȸ¿øÀÌ µÈ´Ù.
¡ãTop
|
|
11. Military Preparedness
72:11.1 Graduates of the federal military
schools may be commissioned as " guardians of civilization
" in seven ranks, in accordance with ability and experience,
by the president of the National Council of Defense. This council
consists of twenty-five members, nominated by the highest parental,
educational, and industrial tribunals, confirm!ed by the federal
supreme court, and presided over ex officio by the chief of
staff of co-ordinated military affairs. Such members serve until
they are seventy years of age.
72:11.2 The courses pursued by such commissioned officers are
four years in length and are invariably correlated with the
mastery of some trade or profession. Military training is never
given without this associated industrial, scientific, or professional
schooling. When military training is finished, the individual
has, during his four years' course, received one half of the
education imparted in any of the special schools where the courses
are likewise four years in length. In this way the creation
of a professional military class is avoided by providing this
opportunity for a large number of men to support themselves
while securing the first half of a technical or professional
training.
72:11.3 Military service during peacetime is purely voluntary,
and the enlistments in all branches of the service are for four
years, during which every man pursues some special line of study
in addition to the mastery of military tactics. Training in
music is one of the chief pursuits of the central military schools
and of the twenty-five training camps distributed about the
periphery of the continent. During periods of industrial slackness
many thousands of unemployed are automatically utilized in upbuilding
the military defenses of the continent on land and sea and in
the air.
72:11.4 Although these people maintain a powerful war establishment
as a defense against invasion by the surrounding hostile peoples,
it may be recorded to their credit that they have not in over
one hundred years employed these military resources in an offensive
war. They have become civilized to that point where they can
vigorously defend civilization without yielding to the temptation
to utilize their war powers in aggression. There have been no
civil wars since the establishment of the united continental
state, but during the last two centuries these people have been
called upon to wage nine fierce defensive conflicts, three of
which were against mighty confederations of world powers. Although
this nation maintains adequate defense against attack by hostile
neighbors, it pays far more attention to the training of statesmen,
scientists, and philosophers.
72:11.5 When at peace with the world, all mobile defense mechanisms
are quite fully employed in trade, commerce, and recreation.
When war is declared, the entire nation is mobilized. Throughout
the period of hostilities military pay obtains in all industries,
and the chiefs of all military departments become members of
the chief executive's cabinet.
|
12. ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ³ª¶ó
72:12.1 (819.5) ÀÌ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ
»çȸ¿Í Á¤ºÎ°¡ ¿©·¯ ¸é¿¡¼ À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ±¹°¡µéº¸´Ù ¿ì¼öÇÏÁö¸¸, ´Ù¸¥ ¿©·¯ ´ë·ú¿¡ ÀÖ´Â Á¤ºÎµéÀº (ÀÌ Ç༺¿¡ ¿
Çϳª°¡ Àִµ¥) À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ Áøº¸µÈ ³ª¶óµéº¸´Ù ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ¿µîÇÏ´Ù.
72:12.2 (819.6) ÀÌÁ¦
¹Ù·Î ÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÑ Á¤ºÎ´Â ¿µîÇÑ ¹ÎÁ·µé°ú ´ë»ç(ÓÞÞÅ) °ü°è¸¦ ¼¼¿ì·Á°í °èȹÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, µÑ·¯½Ñ ÀÌ ³ª¶óµé¿¡ ¼±±³»ç¸¦
º¸³»ÀÚ°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â Å« Á¾±³ ÁöµµÀÚ°¡ óÀ½À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ¿ì¼öÇÑ ¹®È¿Í Á¾±³¸¦ ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô °¿äÇÏ·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇßÀ»
¶§, Çã´ÙÇÑ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ÀúÁö¸¥ À߸øÀ» ±×µéÀÌ ¹Ù¾ßÈå·Î ÀúÁö¸£·Á ÇÑ´Ù°í ¿ì¸®´Â »ý°¢ÇÑ´Ù. Áøº¸µÈ ¹®È¸¦ °¡Áø
ÀÌ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡°¡ ±×Àú ³ª°¡¼ ÀÌ¿ô ¹ÎÁ·µé °¡¿îµ¥¼ °¡Àå ÈǸ¢ÇÑ »ç¶÷µéÀ» µ¥¸®°í ¿Í¼, ±×µéÀ» ±³À°½ÃŲ ´ÙÀ½¿¡,
µÚóÁø ÇüÁ¦µé¿¡°Ô ¹®ÈÀÇ ¹Ð»ç(ÚËÞÅ)·Î µ¹·Áº¸³»±â¸¸ ÇÑ´Ù¸é, ÀÌ ¼¼°è¿¡¼ ¾ó¸¶³ª ³î¶ó¿î ÀÏÀÌ ÀÌ·ç¾îÁú ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î!
¸»ÇÒ °Íµµ ¾øÀÌ, ½ÉÆÇ ¾ÆµéÀÌ Áøº¸µÈ ÀÌ ³ª¶ó¿¡ °ð ¿Â´Ù¸é, Å« ÀÏÀÌ ÀÌ ¼¼°è¿¡ »¡¸® ÀϾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
72:12.3 (820.1) À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ¿¡¼
¹®¸íÀ» Çâ»óÇϰí Á¤ºÎÀÇ ÁøÈ¸¦ º¸°ÇÏ·Á´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î Ưº° Çã°¡¸¦ ¹Þ°í¼, ÀÌ ÀÌ¿ô Ç༺ÀÇ ÀÏÀ» À̾߱âÇÑ´Ù. ÀǽÉÇÒ
¿©Áö ¾øÀÌ, À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÎÀÇ °ü½ÉÀ» ²ø°í Èï¹Ì¸¦ ÀھƳ»°Ô ÇÒ ÈξÀ ´õ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» ´Ã¾î³õÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥´Â
¿ì¸®°¡ Çã¶ô¹ÞÀº ¸í·ÉÀÇ ¹üÀ§±îÁö ´Ù·é´Ù.
72:12.4 (820.2) ±×·¯³ª
À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÎÀº »çŸ´Ï¾Æ ü°è¿¡¼ ±× Àڸб¸Ã¼°¡ ÆÄ¶ó´ÙÀ̽º ¾ÆµéµéÀÇ ½ÉÆÇ°ü ÀÓ¹«³ª ¼ö¿© ÀÓ¹«ÀÇ ÇýÅÃÀ» ¾òÁö ¸øÇß´Ù´Â
°ÍÀ» »ìÆì¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. À¯¶õ½Ã¾ÆÀÇ ¿©·¯ ¹ÎÁ·Àº, ÀÌ ´ë·ú ±¹°¡¸¦ ±× Ç༺ÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óµé°ú ±¸º°ÇÏ´Â °Í °°Àº ±×·±
¹®ÈÀû Â÷ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ ¼·Î ºÐ¸®µÇÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
72:12.5 (820.3) Áø¸®ÀÇ
¿µÀÌ ºÎ¾îÁø °ÍÀº ÁÖ¸¦ ¼ö¿©¹ÞÀº ¼¼°è¿¡¼ Àηù¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© Å« ¾÷ÀûÀ» ÀÌ·èÇÒ ¿µÀû ±âÃʸ¦ ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ´Ù. µû¶ó¼
À¯¶õ½Ã¾Æ´Â ¹ý·ü, ±â°è ÀåÄ¡, »ó¡¤ý°ü½À¤ý¾ð¾î¿Í ¾Æ¿ï·¯, Ç༺ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ¸¦ ´õ »¡¸® ½ÇÇöÇϵµ·Ï Áغñ°¡ ÈξÀ ´õ
Àß µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù¡ªÀÌ ¸ðµÎ°¡ ¹ý ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼ ¼¼°è¿¡ µÎ·ç Æòȸ¦ ÀÌ·èÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¾ÆÁÖ ÈûÂ÷°Ô À̹ÙÁöÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ¿µÀû
³ë·ÂÀ» ±â¿ïÀÌ´Â ÁøÂ¥ ½Ã´ë°¡ ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ¹à¾Æ¿Àµµ·Ï À̲ø ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ ½Ã´ë´Â ºû°ú »ý¸íÀÇ ½Ã´ë, Ç༺¿¡¼ À¯ÅäÇǾÆ
½Ã´ë·Î À̲ô´Â ¹®ÅÎÀÌ´Ù.
72:12.6 (820.4) [³×¹Ùµ·ÀÇ
ÇÑ ¸á±â¼¼µ¦ÀÌ ¹ßÇ¥ÇÏ¿´´Ù.]
¡ãTop
|
|
12. The Other Nations
72:12.1 Although the society and government
of this unique people are in many respects superior to those
of the Urantia nations, it should be stated that on the other
continents (there are eleven on this planet) the governments
are decidedly inferior to the more advanced nations of Urantia.
72:12.2 Just now this superior government is planning to establish
ambassadorial relations with the inferior peoples, and for the
first time a great religious leader has arisen who advocates
the sending of missionaries to these surrounding nations. We
fear they are about to make the mistake that so many others
have made when they have endeavored to force a superior culture
and religion upon other races. What a wonderful thing could
be done on this world if this continental nation of advanced
culture would only go out and bring to itself the best of the
neighboring peoples and then, after educating them, send them
back as emissaries of culture to their benighted brethren! Of
course, if a Magisterial Son should soon come to this advanced
nation, great things could quickly happen on this world.
72:12.3 This recital of the affairs of a neighboring planet
is made by special permission with the intent of advancing civilization
and augmenting governmental evolution on Urantia. Much more
could be narrated that would no doubt interest and intrigue
Urantians, but this disclosure covers the limits of our permissive
mandate.
72:12.4 Urantians should, however, take note that their sister
sphere in the Satania family has benefited by neither magisterial
nor bestowal missions of the Paradise Sons. Neither are the
various peoples of Urantia set off from each other by such disparity
of culture as separates the continental nation from its planetary
fellows.
72:12.5 The pouring out of the Spirit of Truth provides the
spiritual foundation for the realization of great achievements
in the interests of the human race of the bestowal world. Urantia
is therefore far better prepared for the more immediate realization
of a planetary government with its laws, mechanisms, symbols,
conventions, and language-all of which could contribute so mightily
to the establishment of world-wide peace under law and could
lead to the sometime dawning of a real age of spiritual striving;
and such an age is the planetary threshold to the utopian ages
of light and life.
72:12.6 [Presented by a Melchizedek of Nebadon.]
|
|