Á¦ 179 Æí
¸¶Áö¸· ¸¸Âù
179:0.1 (1936.1) ÀÌ ¸ñ¿äÀÏ ¿ÀÈÄ¿¡, ºô¸³ÀÌ ÁÖ²² ´Ù°¡¿À´Â À¯¿ùÀýÀ» »ó±â½ÃÅ°°í À̸¦ ÃàÇÏÇÒ °èȹ¿¡
°üÇÏ¿© ¹°¾úÀ» ¶§, ÁÖ´Â ÀÌƱ³¯, ±Ý¿äÀÏ Àú³á¿¡ ¸Ô±â·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â À¯¿ùÀý Àú³áÀ» »ý°¢ÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. À¯¿ùÀý ÃàÇϸ¦
À§ÇÑ Áغñ¸¦ Àü³¯ Á¤¿À ÀÌÀü¿¡ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ °ü½ÀÀ̾ú´Ù. À¯´ëÀÎÀÌ ÇØÁú ¶§ ÇÏ·ç°¡ ½ÃÀÛµÈ´Ù°í °è»êÇßÀ¸´Ï±î,
ÀÌ°ÍÀº Åä¿äÀÏÀÇ À¯¿ùÀý Àú³áÀ» ±Ý¿äÀÏ ¹ã¿¡, ÀÚÁ¤ÀÌ µÇ±â Àü ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ¸ÔÀ» °ÍÀ» ÀǹÌÇß´Ù.
179:0.2 (1936.2) ±×·¡¼ »çµµµéÀº ±×µéÀÌ ÇÏ·ç ÀÏÂï À¯¿ùÀý(ëµêÆï½)À» ÃàÇÏÇÒ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â ÁÖÀÇ ¹ßÇ¥¸¦
ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°í ¿ÂÅë ¾î¸®µÕÀýÇß´Ù. ±×µéÀº, Àû¾îµµ ±×µé °¡¿îµ¥ ´õ·¯´Â, ±×°¡ ±Ý¿äÀÏ ¹ã¿¡ À¯¿ùÀý Àú³áÀ» ¸ÔÀ»
¶§°¡ µÇ±â Àü¿¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ Ã¼Æ÷µÉ °ÍÀ» ¾Æ½Ã°í, µû¶ó¼ ÀÌ ¸ñ¿äÀÏ Àú³á¿¡ Ưº°ÇÑ ¸¸ÂùÀ» ÇÏ·Á°í ±×µéÀ» Çѵ¥ ºÎ¸¥´Ù°í
»ý°¢Çß´Ù. ´õ·¯´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ´ÜÁö Á¤½Ä À¯¿ùÀý ÃàÇÏ¿¡ ¾Õ¼ ÀÖÀ» Ưº°ÇÑ °æ¿ì¶ó°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù.
179:0.3 (1936.3) »çµµµéÀº ¿¹¼ö°¡ ¾çÀÌ ¾øÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ ÇØ¿¡ À¯¿ùÀýÀ» Áö³½ ÀûÀÌ ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë¾Ò°í, ±×°¡
À¯´ëÀΠüÁ¦ÀÇ Èñ»ý¹°À» ¹ÙÄ¡´Â ¾î¶² ¿¹¹è¿¡µµ ¸ö¼Ò Âü¼®ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ±×´Â ¿©·¯ ¹ø À¯¿ùÀý ¾ç°í±â¸¦
¼Õ´ÔÀ¸·Î¼ ¸ÔÀº ÀûÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸, ±×°¡ ÁÖÀÎÀÏ ¶§´Â ¾ðÁ¦³ª ¾Æ¹« ¾ç°í±âµµ ´ëÁ¢ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. À¯¿ùÀý ¹ã¿¡ ¾ç°í±â°¡
ºüÁø °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ »çµµµé¿¡°Ô Å« ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾úÀ» ÅÍÀÌ°í, ÀÌ ¸¸ÂùÀ» ÇÏ·ç ÀÏÂï º£Ç®¾úÀ¸´Ï±î ±×µéÀº ¾ç°í±â°¡
¾ø´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Æ¹«·¸Áö ¾Ê°Ô »ý°¢Çß´Ù.
179:0.4 (1936.4) ¿äÇÑ ¸¶°¡ÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¾î¸Ó´ÏÀÇ È¯¿µ Àλ縦 ¹ÞÀº µÚ¿¡, »çµµµéÀº Áï½Ã 2Ãþ ¹æÀ¸·Î
¿Ã¶ó°¬°í, ±×µ¿¾È¿¡ ¿¹¼ö´Â µÚ¿¡ ³²¾Æ¼ ¸¶°¡ÀÇ °¡Á·°ú À̾߱âÇß´Ù.
179:0.5 (1936.5) ÁÖ°¡ ÀÌ °èÁ¦¸¦ ¿µÎ »çµµÇÏ°í¸¸ ÃàÇÏÇϱâ·Î ¹Ì¸® ¾çÇظ¦ ±¸Çß°í, µû¶ó¼ ±×µé¿¡°Ô
½ÃÁßµé¶ó°í ¾Æ¹« Á¾µµ ¸¶·ÃµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
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Paper 179
The Last Supper
179:0.1 During the afternoon of this Thursday, when Philip reminded
the Master about the approaching Passover and inquired concerning
his plans for its celebration, he had in mind the Passover supper
which was due to be eaten on the evening of the next day, Friday.
It was the custom to begin the preparations for the celebration
of the Passover not later than noon of the preceding day. And
since the Jews reckoned the day as beginning at sunset, this
meant that Saturday's Passover supper would be eaten on Friday
night, sometime before the midnight hour.
179:0.2 The apostles were, therefore, entirely at a loss to
understand the Master's announcement that they would celebrate
the Passover one day early. They thought, at least some of them
did, that he knew he would be placed under arrest before the
time of the Passover supper on Friday night and was therefore
calling them together for a special supper on this Thursday
evening. Others thought that this was merely a special occasion
which was to precede the regular Passover celebration.
179:0.3 The apostles knew that Jesus had celebrated other Passovers
without the lamb; they knew that he did not personally participate
in any sacrificial service of the Jewish system. He had many
times partaken of the paschal lamb as a guest, but always, when
he was the host, no lamb was served. It would not have been
a great surprise to the apostles to have seen the lamb omitted
even on Passover night, and since this supper was given one
day earlier, they thought nothing of its absence.
179:0.4 After receiving the greetings of welcome extended by
the father and mother of John Mark, the apostles went immediately
to the upper chamber while Jesus lingered behind to talk with
the Mark family.
179:0.5 It had been understood beforehand that the Master was
to celebrate this occasion alone with his twelve apostles; therefore
no servants were provided to wait upon them.
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1. ¿ì´ë¸¦
¹ÞÀ¸·Á´Â ¿å¸Á
179:1.1 (1936.6) ¿äÇÑ ¸¶°¡°¡ À§ÃþÀ¸·Î ¾È³»ÇßÀ» ¶§, »çµµµéÀº
Å©°í ³ÎÂïÇÑ ¹æÀ» º¸¾Ò´Âµ¥, ÀÌ ¹æÀº ¸¸ÂùÀ» À§ÇØ ¿Ïº®ÇÏ°Ô ²Ù¸çÁ® ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº ½ÄŹ ÇÑÂÊ ³¡¿¡ »§¤ýÆ÷µµÁÖ¤ý¹°¤ý¾àÃÊ°¡
¸ðµÎ ÁغñµÈ °ÍÀ» ÁöÄѺ¸¾Ò´Ù. »§°ú Æ÷µµÁÖ°¡ ³õÀÎ ³¡ ºÎºÐÀ» »©°í, ÀÌ ±ä ½ÄŹÀº ¿¼¼ °³ÀÇ ´¯´Â ¼ÒÆÄ¿¡ µÑ·¯½Î¿©
ÀÖ¾ú°í, ¹Ù·Î ±×·¯ÇÑ °ÍÀÌ »ì¸²ÀÌ ³Ë³ËÇÑ À¯´ëÀÎ Áý¿¡¼ À¯¿ùÀýÀ» ÃàÇÏÇÏ´Â µ¥ ¸¶·ÃµÇ¾úÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
179:1.2 (1936.7) ¿µÎ »çµµ°¡ ÀÌ 2Ãþ ¹æÀ¸·Î µé¾î°¡ÀÚ, ±×µéÀº ¹Ù·Î ¹® ¾È¿¡, ¸ÕÁö ¹¯Àº ¹ßÀ»
¾Ä±â À§ÇÑ ¹°ÁÖÀüÀÚ¤ý´ë¾ß¤ý¼ö°ÇµéÀ» ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í ¾Æ¹« Á¾µµ ÀÌ ½ÃÁßÀ» µé·Á°í ÁغñµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡,
¿äÇÑ ¸¶°¡°¡ ¶°³ªÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ »çµµµéÀº ¼·Î¸¦ ÃÄ´Ùº¸±â ½ÃÀÛÇß°í, Àú¸¶´Ù ¸¶À½ ¼Ó¿¡¼ »ý°¢Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù: ´©°¡ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ
¹ßÀ» ¾ÄÀ» °ÍÀΰ¡? ±×¸®°í °¢ÀÚ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, ÀÚ±â´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÇ Á¾À¸·Î ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÇൿÇÒ »ç¶÷À¸·Î º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í
»ý°¢Çß´Ù.
179:1.3 (1937.1) ¸¶À½ ¼Ó¿¡ µûÁö¸é¼ °Å±â ¼ ÀÖ´Â µ¿¾È, ±×µéÀº ½ÄŹÀÇ ÀÚ¸® ¹è¿À» µÑ·¯º¸¾Ò°í,
ÁÖÀÎÀÌ ¾É´Â ³ôÀº ¼ÒÆÄ, ±× ¹Ù¸¥ ÂÊ¿¡ ¼ÒÆÄ Çϳª, ±×¸®°í ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ¹Ù¸¥ ÂÊ¿¡ µÑ°·Î ¸í¿¹·Î¿î ÀÌ ÀÚ¸®ÀÇ ¸ÂÀºÆí±îÁö,
½ÄŹ µÑ·¹¿¡ Á¤µ·µÈ ¼ÒÆÄ ¿ÇÑ °³¸¦ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ¿´´Ù.
179:1.4 (1937.2) ¾ðÁ¦¶óµµ ÁÖ°¡ µµÂøÇϱ⸦ ±â´ëÇßÁö¸¸, ±×µéÀº ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¾É¾Æ¾ß ÇÒÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ÁÖ°¡
¿Í¼ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Á¤ÇØ ÁÙ ¶§±îÁö ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇÒÁö ¾îÂîÇÒ ÁÙ ¸ô¶ú´Ù. ±×µéÀÌ ¸Á¼³ÀÌ´Â µ¿¾È, À¯´Ù´Â ¸í¿¹ÀÇ ÀÚ¸®,
Áï ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ¿ÞÆíÀ¸·Î °É¾î°¬°í, °Å±â¼ ¿ì´ë¹ÞÀº ¼Õ´ÔÀ¸·Î¼ ¼ÒÆÄ¿¡ ±â´î ¶æÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. À¯´ÙÀÇ ÀÌ·± ÇൿÀº
Áï½Ã ´Ù¸¥ »çµµµé »çÀÌ¿¡ ¿¶í ³íÀïÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Ä×´Ù. À¯´Ù°¡ ¸í¿¹ÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ µ¤Ä¡ÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, ¿äÇÑ ¼¼º£´ë°¡ ´ÙÀ½À¸·Î ÁÁÀº
ÀÚ¸®, ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ¹Ù¸¥ÂÊ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. ½Ã¸ó º£µå·Î´Â À¯´Ù¿Í ¿äÇÑÀÌ ÁÁÀº ÀÚ¸®µéÀ» ÀÌ·¸°Ô Â÷ÁöÇÑ °Í¿¡ ³Ê¹«
È°¡ Ä¡¹Ð¾î¼, ´Ù¸¥ ¼º³ »çµµµéÀÌ ±¸°æÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È, ½ÄŹÀ» ÇÇÇØ µ¹¾Æ¼ ÇàÁøÇÏµí °É¾î, °¡Àå ³·Àº ¼ÒÆÄ¿¡,
ÀÚ¸® ¼ø¼ÀÇ ³¡, °ð ¿äÇÑ ¼¼º£´ë°¡ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÀÚ¸®ÀÇ ¹Ù·Î ¸ÂÀº Æí¿¡, ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇß´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ³ôÀº ÀÚ¸®µéÀ»
Â÷ÁöÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î, º£µå·Î´Â °¡Àå ³·Àº ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ÅÃÇÏ·Á°í »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ÇüÁ¦µéÀÇ º¸±â µüÇÑ ÀÚ¸¸½É¿¡ Ç×ÀÇÇÒ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó,
¿¹¼ö°¡ ¿Í¼ °¡Àå ³·Àº ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ±×°¡ ÀÖÀ½À» º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§, ±×¸¦ ´õ ³ôÀº ÀÚ¸®·Î ºÎ¸£¸®¶ó, ÀÌ·¸°Ô ÁÖÁ¦³Ñ°Ô Àڽſ¡°Ô
¸í¿¹¸¦ µ¹¸®·Á´Â ÀÚ¸¦ ¸ô¾Æ³¾ °ÍÀ̶ó´Â Èñ¸ÁÀ¸·Î ±×·¸°Ô Çß´Ù.
179:1.5 (1937.3) ÀÌ·¸°Ô °¡Àå ³ôÀº ÀÚ¸®¿Í ³·Àº ÀÚ¸®°¡ Â÷ÀÚ, ³ª¸ÓÁö »çµµµéÀº ÀÚ¸®¸¦ °ñ¶ú°í,
¸ðµÎ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ÀâÀ» ¶§±îÁö, ´õ·¯´Â À¯´Ù °¡±îÀÌ, ´õ·¯´Â º£µå·Î °¡±îÀÌ ¾É¾Ò´Ù. À̵éÀº UÀÚ ¸ð¾çÀÇ ½ÄŹ µÑ·¹¿¡
´ÙÀ½ ¼ø¼·Î ÀÌ ±â´ë´Â ¼ÒÆÄ¿¡ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Àâ¾Ò´Ù: ÁÖÀÇ ¹Ù¸¥ Æí¿¡ ¿äÇÑ, ¿ÞÂÊ¿¡´Â À¯´Ù, ¿½É´ç¿ø ½Ã¸ó, ¸¶ÅÂ,
¾ß°íº¸ ¼¼º£´ë, ¾Èµå·¹, ¾ËÆпÀ ½ÖµÕÀÌ, ºô¸³, ³ª´Ù´Ï¿¤, Å丶½º, ½Ã¸ó º£µå·Î.
179:1.6 (1937.4) À̵éÀº ÇÑ °ü·Ê¸¦ ÃàÇÏÇÏ·Á°í, Àû¾îµµ Á¤½ÅÀûÀ¸·Î ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÔ²² ¸ð¿´´Âµ¥,
±× °ü·Ê´Â ¸ð¼¼ ÀÌÀü¿¡ ½ÃÀ۵Ǿú°í Á¶»óÀÌ ¿¡ÁýÆ®¿¡¼ ³ë¿¹¿´´ø ½ÃÀý°ú °ü°èµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ ¸¸ÂùÀº ¿¹¼ö¿Í ±×µéÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·
¸ðÀÓÀÌ¿ä, ±×·¯ÇÑ ¾ö¼÷ÇÑ »óȲ¿¡¼µµ À¯´ÙÀÇ ÁöÈÖ ÇÏ¿¡, ±×µéÀº ¸í¿¹¿Í ¿ì´ë, °³ÀÎÀû ĪÂùÀ» ¾òÀ¸·Á´Â ¿¹ÀüÀÇ
¼ºÇâ¿¡ ´Ù½Ã ÇÑ ¹ø ¹«¸À» ²Ý°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
179:1.7 (1937.5) ÁÖ°¡ º¹µµ¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³µÀ» ¶§, ±×µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¼ºÀÌ ³ª¼ ¼·Î ºñ³ÇÏ´À¶ó°í ¹Ù»¦°í,
½Ç¸ÁÀÇ ºûÀÌ ¾ó±¼¿¡ ¼¼È÷ ¶°¿À¸£´Â µ¿¾È, ÁÖ´Â º¹µµ¿¡¼ Àá±ñ ¸ØÃß¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ¹« ¸» ¾øÀÌ ÁÖ´Â ÀÚ±â ÀÚ¸®·Î °¬°í,
±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ¸® ¼ø¼¸¦ °íÄ¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
179:1.8 (1937.6) ¹ßÀ» ¾ÆÁ÷ ¾ÄÁö ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í, ±×µéÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ¸¸ÂùÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ¾ú´Âµ¥,
µµÀúÈ÷ Áñ°Å¿î ±âºÐÀÌ µéÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÁÖ°¡ µµÂøÇßÀ» ¶§, ÃæºÐÈ÷ °¨Á¤À» ÀÚÁ¦ÇÏ¿© Àڱ⠴À³¦À» »ç¶÷µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ »ï°¡
Ç¥ÇöÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ¸î »ç¶÷ÀÌ Ç°¾ú´ø »ý°¢Àº ¸»ÇÒ °Íµµ ¾ø°í, ±×µéÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¼·Î °¡½Ã µ¸Èù ¸»À» ÁÖ°í¹Þ±â¿¡ ¹Ù»¦´Ù.
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1. The Desire
for Preference
179:1.1 When the apostles had been shown
upstairs by John Mark, they beheld a large and commodious chamber,
which was completely furnished for the supper, and observed
that the bread, wine, water, and herbs were all in readiness
on one end of the table. Except for the end on which rested
the bread and wine, this long table was surrounded by thirteen
reclining couches, just such as would be provided for the celebration
of the Passover in a well-to-do Jewish household.
179:1.2 As the twelve entered this upper chamber, they noticed,
just inside the door, the pitchers of water, the basins, and
towels for laving their dusty feet; and since no servant had
been provided to render this service, the apostles began to
look at one another as soon as John Mark had left them, and
each began to think within himself, Who shall wash our feet?
And each likewise thought that it would not be he who would
thus seem to act as the servant of the others.
179:1.3 As they stood there, debating in their hearts, they
surveyed the seating arrangement of the table, taking note of
the higher divan of the host with one couch on the right and
eleven arranged around the table on up to opposite this second
seat of honor on the host's right.
179:1.4 They expected the Master to arrive any moment, but they
were in a quandary as to whether they should seat themselves
or await his coming and depend on him to assign them their places.
While they hesitated, Judas stepped over to the seat of honor,
at the left of the host, and signified that he intended there
to recline as the preferred guest. This act of Judas immediately
stirred up a heated dispute among the other apostles. Judas
had no sooner seized the seat of honor than John Zebedee laid
claim to the next preferred seat, the one on the right of the
host. Simon Peter was so enraged at this assumption of choice
positions by Judas and John that, as the other angry apostles
looked on, he marched clear around the table and took his place
on the lowest couch, the end of the seating order and just opposite
to that chosen by John Zebedee. Since others had seized the
high seats, Peter thought to choose the lowest, and he did this,
not merely in protest against the unseemly pride of his brethren,
but with the hope that Jesus, when he should come and see him
in the place of least honor, would call him up to a higher one,
thus displacing one who had presumed to honor himself.
179:1.5 With the highest and the lowest positions thus occupied,
the rest of the apostles chose places, some near Judas and some
near Peter, until all were located. They were seated about the
U-shaped table on these reclining divans in the following order:
on the right of the Master, John; on the left, Judas, Simon
Zelotes, Matthew, James Zebedee, Andrew, the Alpheus twins,
Philip, Nathaniel, Thomas, and Simon Peter.
179:1.6 They are gathered together to celebrate, at least in
spirit, an institution which antedated even Moses and referred
to the times when their fathers were slaves in Egypt. This supper
is their last rendezvous with Jesus, and even in such a solemn
setting, under the leadership of Judas the apostles are led
once more to give way to their old predilection for honor, preference,
and personal exaltation.
179:1.7 They were still engaged in voicing angry recriminations
when the Master appeared in the doorway, where he hesitated
a moment as a look of disappointment slowly crept over his face.
Without comment he went to his place, and he did not disturb
their seating arrangement.
179:1.8 They were now ready to begin the supper, except that
their feet were still unwashed, and they were in anything but
a pleasant frame of mind. When the Master arrived, they were
still engaged in making uncomplimentary remarks about one another,
to say nothing of the thoughts of some who had sufficient emotional
control to refrain from publicly expressing their feelings.
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2. ¸¸ÂùÀ»
½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Ù
179:2.1 (1937.7) ÁÖ°¡ ±×ÀÇ ÀÚ¸®·Î °£ µÚ¿¡ ¸î ¼ø°£ µ¿¾È,
¾Æ¹«µµ ¸»ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¿¹¼ö´Â ±×µéÀ» ¸ðµÎ µ¹¾Æº¸°í, ºù±ß ¿ô¾î ±äÀåÀ» Ç®¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³ª´Â ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÀÌ À¯¿ùÀý
Àú³áÀ» ¸Ô±â¸¦ ¸÷½Ã ¹Ù¶ú³ë¶ó. ³»°¡ °íÅëÀ» ¹Þ±â Àü¿¡ ÇÑ ¹ø ´õ ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²² ½Ä»çÇϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶ú°í, ³» ¶§°¡ ¿Â
ÁÙÀ» ±ú´Ý°í ³ÊÈñ¿Í ¿À´Ã ¹ã¿¡ ÀÌ Àú³áÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸·Á°í ÁÖ¼±ÇÏ¿´À¸´Ï, ³»ÀÏ¿¡ °üÇؼ ¸»ÇÏ¸é ¿ì¸®°¡ ¸ðµÎ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ
¼Õ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ±î´ßÀÌ¿ä, ³ª´Â ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¶æÀ» ÁýÇàÇÏ·Á°í ¿Ô³ë¶ó. ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀ¸·Î ³ª¸¦ º¸³»¸ç Ç϶ó ÇϽŠÀÏÀ» ³»°¡
¸¶Ä¡°í ³ª¼, ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ³»°Ô ÁÖ½Ç ³ª¶ó¿¡¼ ³ÊÈñ°¡ ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² ¾ÉÀ» ¶§±îÁö, ³ª´Â ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²² ´Ù½Ã ¸ÔÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸ®¶ó.¡±
179:2.2 (1938.1) Æ÷µµÁÖ¿Í ¹°À» ¼¯Àº µÚ¿¡, ±×µéÀº ÀÜÀ» ¿¹¼ö¿¡°Ô °¡Á®¿Ô°í, ±×´Â ÀÜÀ» Ÿ´ë¿ÀÀÇ
¼Õ¿¡¼ ¹Þ°í¼, °¨»ç¸¦ µå¸®´Â µ¿¾È ºÙµé°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×¸®°í °¨»ç ±âµµ¸¦ ¸¶Ä¡°í ³ª¼ ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÀÌ ÀÜÀ» °¡Á®´Ù°¡
³ÊÈñ³¢¸® ³ª´©¶ó. ³ÊÈñ°¡ ÀÜÀ» µé ¶§, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· Àú³áÀ̸Å, ³»°¡ Æ÷µµ³ª¹«ÀÇ ¿¸Å¸¦ ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²²
´Ù½Ã ¸¶½ÃÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±ú´ÞÀ¸¶ó. ¿ì¸®°¡ ÀÌ·± ½ÄÀ¸·Î ´Ù½Ã ¾ÉÀ» ¶§, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´Ù°¡¿À´Â Çϴóª¶ó¿¡¼ ÀÖÀ» ÀÏÀ̸®¶ó.¡±
179:2.3 (1938.2) ¿¹¼ö´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô »çµµµé¿¡°Ô À̾߱âÇϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß°í, ±×ÀÇ ¶§°¡ ¿ÔÀ½À» ¾Ë¾Ò±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.
±×´Â ¾Æ¹öÁö²²·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¾ß ÇÒ ¶§°¡ ¿Ô°í, ¶¥¿¡¼ ÇÒ ÀÏÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ³¡³µÀ½À» ÀÌÇØÇß´Ù. ±×°¡ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ »ç¶ûÀ» ¶¥¿¡¼
µå·¯³Â°í ÀÚºñ¸¦ Àηù¿¡°Ô º¸¿´´Ù´Â °Í, ±×¸®°í ±×°¡ ¼¼»óÀ¸·Î ¿Â ±× ¸ñÀûÀ», ¾Æ´Ï Çϴðú ¶¥¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ±Ç´É°ú
±ÇÇÑÀ» ¹Þ´Â ÀϱîÁöµµ ÀÌ·ç¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÖ´Â ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, ±×³¯ ¹ã¿¡ ÀûµéÀÇ ¼Õ¿¡ ±×¸¦ ³Ñ°ÜÁÖ·Á°í °¡·å
À¯´Ù°¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¸¶À½¸ÔÀº °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ ¹è¹Ý ÇàÀ§´Â À¯´Ù°¡ ÇÑ ÀÏÀ̾úÁö¸¸, ÀÌ´Â ¶ÇÇÑ ·ç½ÃÆÛ¿Í »çź, ±×¸®°í
¾îµÒÀÇ ¿Õ Ä®¸®°¡½ºÆ¼¾Æ¸¦ ±â»Ú°Ô Çß´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù. Àڱ⸦ À°Ã¼ÀûÀ¸·Î Á×°Ô ¸¸µé·Á°í ¾Ö¾´ ÀÚµéÀÌ
µÎ·ÆÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¿µÀûÀ¸·Î ±×¸¦ Àüº¹½ÃÅ°·Á´ø Àڵ鵵 µÎ·ÆÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÁÖ¿¡°Ô ¿ÀÁ÷ ÇÑ °¡Áö °ÆÁ¤ÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸´Ï,
±×°ÍÀº ±×°¡ ÅÃÇÑ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµéÀÇ ¾ÈÀü°ú ±¸¿øÀ̾ú´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ ¸ðµç ÀÏÀ» ±×ÀÇ ±ÇÇÑ ¹Ø¿¡ µÎ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷
¾Ë°í¼, ÁÖ´Â ÀÌÁ¦ ÇüÁ¦ »ç¶ûÀÇ ºñÀ¯¸¦ ¿¬ÃâÇÏ·Á°í ÁغñÇß´Ù.
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2. Beginning the Supper
179:2.1 For a few moments after the Master
had gone to his place, not a word was spoken. Jesus looked them
all over and, relieving the tension with a smile, said: "I
have greatly desired to eat this Passover with you. I wanted
to eat with you once more before I suffered, and realizing that
my hour has come, I arranged to have this supper with you tonight,
for, as concerns the morrow, we are all in the hands of the
Father, whose will I have come to execute. I shall not again
eat with you until you sit down with me in the kingdom which
my Father will give me when I have finished that for which he
sent me into this world."
179:2.2 After the wine and the water had been mixed, they brought
the cup to Jesus, who, when he had received it from the hand
of Thaddeus, held it while he offered thanks. And when he had
finished offering thanks, he said: "Take this cup and divide
it among yourselves and, when you partake of it, realize that
I shall not again drink with you the fruit of the vine since
this is our last supper. When we sit down again in this manner,
it will be in the kingdom to come."
179:2.3 Jesus began thus to talk to his apostles because he
knew that his hour had come. He understood that the time had
come when he was to return to the Father, and that his work
on earth was almost finished. The Master knew he had revealed
the Father's love on earth and had shown forth his mercy to
mankind, and that he had completed that for which he came into
the world, even to the receiving of all power and authority
in heaven and on earth. Likewise, he knew Judas Iscariot had
fully made up his mind to deliver him that night into the hands
of his enemies. He fully realized that this traitorous betrayal
was the work of Judas, but that it also pleased Lucifer, Satan,
and Caligastia the prince of darkness. But he feared none of
those who sought his spiritual overthrow any more than he feared
those who sought to accomplish his physical death. The Master
had but one anxiety, and that was for the safety and salvation
of his chosen followers. And so, with the full knowledge that
the Father had put all things under his authority, the Master
now prepared to enact the parable of brotherly love.
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3.
»çµµµéÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ¾Ä´Ù
179:3.1 (1938.3) À¯¿ùÀýÀÇ Ã¹ ÀÜÀ» ¸¶½Å µÚ¿¡, ÁÖÀÎÀÌ ½ÄŹ¿¡¼
ÀϾ¼ ¼Õ ¾Ä´Â °ÍÀÌ À¯´ëÀÎÀÇ °ü½ÀÀ̾ú´Ù. ½Ä»çÇÏ´Ù°¡ ³ªÁß¿¡, µÑ° ÀÜÀ» ¸¶½Å µÚ¿¡, ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¸ðµç ¼Õ´ÔÀÌ
ÀϾ¼ ¼ÕÀ» ¾Ä¾ú´Ù. ÁÖ°¡ ¼Õ¾Ä´Â ¿¹½ÄÀÇ ÀýÂ÷¸¦ Çѹøµµ ÁöŲ ÀûÀÌ ¾øÀ½À» »çµµµéÀÌ ¾Ë¾Ò±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ±×µéÀÌ
ÀÌ Ã¹ÀÜÀ» ¸¶½Å µÚ¿¡, ±×°¡ ½ÄŹ¿¡¼ ÀϾ¼ ¸»¾øÀÌ ¹°ÁÖÀüÀÚ¿Í ´ë¾ß¿Í ¼ö°ÇÀÌ ³õ¿© ÀÖ´Â ¹® °¡±îÀÌ °É¾î°¬À»
¶§, ÁÖ°¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇÏ½Ç »ý°¢ÀÎÁö ±×µéÀº ¾Ë°í ½Í¾î ±Ã±ÝÇØÁ³´Ù. ÁÖ°¡ °Ñ¿ÊÀ» ¹þ°í ¼ö°ÇÀ» °¡Áö°í Ç㸮¸¦ Á¹¶ó¸Å°í,
¹ß ¾Ä´Â ´ë¾ß Çϳª¿¡ ºñ·Î¼Ò ¹°À» º×´Â °ÍÀ» º¸ÀÚ, È£±â½ÉÀº °æ¾ÇÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²î¾ú´Ù. ¹Ù·Î ¾ó¸¶ Àü¿¡ ¼·Î ¹ß ¾Ä¾îÁֱ⸦
°ÅÀýÇÏ°í, ½ÄŹ¿¡¼ ¸í¿¹ÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ³õ°í ±×·¸°Ô º¸±â µüÇÑ ´ÙÅù¿¡ ¸»·Áµé¾ú´ø ÀÌ ¿µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ³î¶õ °ÍÀ» »ó»óÇØ
º¸¶ó. ±×¶§ ÁÖ°¡ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¾ÉÁö ¾ÊÀº ½ÄŹ ³¡À» µ¹¾Æ¼ ±× ÀÜÄ¡ÀÇ °¡Àå ³·Àº ÀÚ¸®, ½Ã¸ó º£µå·Î°¡ ±â´ë°í ÀÖ´ø
ÀÚ¸®±îÁö °¡¼, Á¾ÀÇ Åµµ·Î¼ ¹«¸À» ²Ý°í, ½Ã¸óÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ¾ÄÀ¸·Á°í ÁغñÇÑ °ÍÀ» º¸¾Ò´Ù. ÁÖ°¡ ¹«¸À» ²ÝÀÚ,
¿µÎ »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ Çϳª °°ÀÌ ¹ú¶± ÀϾ´Ù. ¹è¹ÝÇÑ À¯´ÙÁ¶Â÷ ÇÑ ¼ø°£ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ºñÇà(Þªú¼)À» ±î¸Ä°Ô Àؾî¹ö¸®°í,
°æ¾Ç°ú Á¸°æ°ú ¼øÀüÇÑ ³î¶ó¿òÀ» ÀÌ·¸°Ô Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â µ¿·á »çµµµé°ú ÇÔ²² ÀϾ´Ù.
179:3.2 (1938.4) ½Ã¸ó º£µå·Î´Â ¼¼, À§·Î ¿Ã·Á´Ùº¸´Â ÁÖÀÇ ¾ó±¼À» ³»·Á´Ùº¸¾Ò´Ù. ¿¹¼ö´Â ¾Æ¹«
¸»µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í, ¸»ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Åµµ´Â ½Ã¸ó º£µå·ÎÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ¾ÄÀ» »ý°¢À̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ¶Ñ·ÇÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù.
À°Ã¼´Â ¾àÇ߾ º£µå·Î´Â ÁÖ¸¦ »ç¶ûÇß´Ù. ÀÌ °¥¸±¸® ¾îºÎ´Â ¿¹¼öÀÇ ½Å¼º(ãêàõ)À» Áø½ÉÀ¸·Î ¹Ï°í, °Ô´Ù°¡ ±×·±
¹ÏÀ½À» ¿ÂÀüÈ÷, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ º¸´Â ¾Õ¿¡¼ óÀ½À¸·Î °í¹éÇÑ Àΰ£À̾ú´Ù. ±× µÚ·Î º£µå·Î´Â ÁÖÀÇ ½Å´Ù¿î ¼ºÇ°À» Á¤¸»·Î
ÀǽÉÇÑ ÀûÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. º£µå·Î°¡ ¸¶À½ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¿¹¼ö¸¦ ³Ê¹«³ª ¼þ¹èÇÏ°í Á¸ÁßÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î, ÁÖ°¡ °Å±â¿¡ ¹«¸À» ²Ý°í ÀÚ±â
¾Õ¿¡¼ ºñõÇÑ Á¾ÀÇ Åµµ¸¦ ÃëÇÏ°í, ³ë¿¹°¡ ÇÏµí ±×ÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ¾Ä°Ú´Ù°í Á¦¾ÈÇÑ´Ù´Â »ý°¢¿¡ ±×ÀÇ È¥ÀÌ ÀǺÐÀ» ´À³¤
°ÍÀº ÀÌ»óÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Ù. À̳» ÁÖ¿¡°Ô ¸»À» °Ç³Ú ¸¸Å ÃæºÐÈ÷ Á¤½ÅÀ» °¡´Ùµë¾úÀ» ¶§, º£µå·Î´Â µ¿·á »çµµ
¸ðµÎ°¡ °¡½¿ ¼Ó¿¡ ´À³¢°í ÀÖ´Â »ý°¢À» ¸»Çß´Ù.
179:3.3 (1939.1) ÀÌ·¸°Ô Å©°Ô ´çȲÇÑ ¸î ¼ø°£ÀÌ Áö³ µÚ¿¡ º£µå·Î´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÁÖ¿©, ´ç½ÅÀº Á¤¸»·Î
³» ¹ßÀ» ¾ÄÀ¸½Ç »ý°¢À̳ªÀ̱î?¡± ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ º£µå·ÎÀÇ ¾ó±¼À» ¿Ã·Á´Ùº¸¸ç, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³»°¡ ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ» ³×°¡ ÃæºÐÈ÷ ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇϴ°¡ ÇÏÁö¸¸, ÀÌÁ¦ºÎÅÍ ÀÌ ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ ¹«½¼ ÀǹÌ(ëòÚ«)Àΰ¡ ³×°¡ ¾Ë°Ô µÇ¸®¶ó.¡±
±×¸®°í ³ª¼ ±æ°Ô ¼ûÀ» µéÀ̽¬¸ç ½Ã¸ó º£µå·Î´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÁÖ¿©, ´ç½ÅÀº °á´ÜÄÚ ³» ¹ßÀ» ¾ÄÁö ¸øÇϳªÀÌ´Ù!¡±
±×¸®°í ¿¹¼ö°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ±×µé ¾Õ¿¡¼ ÀڽŠ³·Ã߱⸦ Çã¶ôÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Ú´Ù°í º£µå·Î°¡ ±»°Ô ¼±¾ðÇÏ´Â µ¥ µ¿ÀÇÇÑ´Ù´Â ¶æÀ¸·Î
»çµµµéÀº Àú¸¶´Ù °í°³¸¦ ²ô´ö¿´´Ù.
179:3.4 (1939.2) ÀÌ Áø±âÇÑ Àå¸éÀÇ ´«ºÎ½Å È£¼Ò·Â¿¡ óÀ½¿¡´Â °¡·å À¯´ÙÁ¶Â÷µµ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¿òÁ÷¿´´Ù.
±×·¯³ª Ç㿵½É °¡µæÇÑ ±×ÀÇ Áö´ÉÀÌ ±× ±¤°æÀ» ÆÇ´ÜÇßÀ» ¶§, ±×´Â ÀÌ °â¼ÕÀÇ ¸öÁþÀÌ ´ÜÁö ¿¹¼ö°¡ °áÄÚ À̽º¶ó¿¤ÀÇ
±¸¿øÀڷμ ÀÚ°ÝÀ» °®ÃßÁö ¸øÇϸ®¶ó, ±×¸®°í ÁÖÀÇ ¿îµ¿À» ±×°¡ Àú¹ö¸®·Á°í °áÁ¤ÇÑ µ¥ ¾Æ¹« À߸øÀÌ ¾øÀ½À» ÃÖÁ¾À¸·Î
Áõ¸íÇÏ´Â ¶Ç ÇϳªÀÇ »ç°ÇÀÏ »ÓÀ̶ó°í °á·ÐÀ» ³»·È´Ù.
179:3.5 (1939.3) ±×µéÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ¼ûÀ» Á×ÀÌ°í ³î¶ó¼ °Å±â ¼ ÀÖÀÚ, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°º£µå·Î¾ß,
³»°¡ ¼±¾ðÇϳë´Ï, ³»°¡ ³× ¹ßÀ» ¾ÄÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸé, ³»°¡ ÇàÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÀÏ¿¡ ³×°¡ ³ª¿Í ¾Æ¹« »ó°üÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸®¶ó.¡±
¿¹¼ö°¡ °è¼ÓÇؼ ±×ÀÇ ¹ß ¾Õ¿¡ ¹«¸À» ²Ý°í °Å±â ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ç½Ç°ú ÇÔ²², ÀÌ·± ¼±¾ðÀ» µé¾úÀ» ¶§, º£µå·Î´Â ±×°¡
Á¸°æÇÏ°í »ç¶ûÇß´ø ºÐÀÌ ¹Ù¶ó´Â ´ë·Î ´«°¨°í ¸»¾øÀÌ ¼øÀÀÇÏ·Á°í °á½ÉÇß´Ù. ÁÖ°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ½ÃÁßµé°Ú´Ù´Â Á¦¾ÈÀ» ¿¬ÃâÇÑ
µ¥´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÁÖÀÇ ÀÏ°ú ¹Ì·¡¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ´Â °ÍÀ» Á¿ìÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² Àǹ̰¡ µû¶óºÙ´Â´Ù´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ ºñ·Î¼Ò ¶°¿À¸£ÀÚ, ½Ã¸ó
º£µå·Î´Â ¿¹¼ö¿¡°Ô ±×ÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ¾Ä°Ô ÇÑ´Ù´Â »ý°¢À» ¹Þ¾Æµé¿´À» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±×ÀÇ ¼º¹Ì´ë·Î ¼º±ÞÈ÷ ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°±×·¸´Ù¸é,
ÁÖ¿©, ³» ¹ß»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ³» ¼Õ°ú ¸Ó¸®µµ ¾Ä¾îÁÖ¼Ò¼.¡±
179:3.6 (1939.4) º£µå·ÎÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ºñ·Î¼Ò ¾ÄÀ¸·Á°í ÁغñÇϸé¼, ÁÖ´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÀÌ¹Ì ±ú²ýÇÑ ÀÚ´Â
¹ß¸¸ ¾ÄÀ¸¸é µÇ´À´Ï¶ó. ¿À´Ã ¹ã¿¡ ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² ¾É´Â ³ÊÈñ´Â ±ú²ýÇÏÁö¸¸¡ª´Ù´Â ¾Æ´Ï¶ó. ±×·¯³ª ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² ¸ÔÀ¸·Á°í
¾É±â Àü¿¡ ³ÊÈñ´Â ¹ßÀÇ ¸ÕÁö¸¦ ¾Ä¾ú¾î¾ß ÇÏ´À´Ï¶ó. °Ô´Ù°¡, ´çÀå¿¡ ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÁÙ »õ °è¸íÀÌ ¹«½¼ Àǹ̰¡
Àִ°¡ º¸¿©ÁÖ·Á°í, ºñÀ¯·Î¼ ³ÊÈñ¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÌ ½ÃÁßÀ» µé°íÀÚ Çϳë¶ó.¡±
179:3.7 (1939.5) °°Àº ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ÁÖ´Â ½ÄŹÀ» µ¹¾Æ¼ °¡¸ç, ¸»¾øÀÌ, À¯´Ùµµ »©Áö ¾Ê°í, ¿µÎ »çµµÀÇ
¹ßÀ» ¾Ä¾ú´Ù. ¿µÎ »çµµÀÇ ¹ß ¾Ä±â¸¦ ¸¶Ä¡°í ³ª¼, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¿ÜÅõ¸¦ °ÉÄ¡°í, ÁÖÀÎÀÇ ÀÚ¸®·Î µ¹¾Æ°¬°í, ¾î¸®µÕÀýÇÑ
»çµµµéÀ» µ¹¾Æº» µÚ¿¡ ¸»Çß´Ù:
179:3.8 (1939.6) ¡°³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÇàÇÑ °ÍÀ» Á¤¸»·Î ÀÌÇØÇÏ´À³Ä? ³ÊÈñ´Â ³ª¸¦ ÁÖ¶ó ºÎ¸£°í, ³»°¡
±×·± ÀÚÀÌ´Ï, ³ÊÈñ°¡ ±×¸® ¸»ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀßÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀ̶ó. ±×·¸´Ù¸é, ÁÖ°¡ ³ÊÈñÀÇ ¹ßÀ» ¾Ä¾ú´Ù¸é, ¾îÂîÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ´Â
¼·Î ¹ß ¾Ä¾îÁֱ⸦ ²¨·ÁÇÏ´À³Ä? ÇüÁ¦°¡ ¼·Î¿¡°Ô ÇØÁֱ⠲¨·ÁÇÏ´Â ±× ½ÃÁßÀ» ÁÖ°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ ±â²¨ÀÌ º£Çª´Â ÀÌ ºñÀ¯¿¡¼
³ÊÈñ´Â ¹«½¼ ±³ÈÆÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ´À³Ä? Áø½Ç·Î, Áø½Ç·Î ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô À̸£³ë´Ï, Á¾Àº ÁÖÀκ¸´Ù Å©Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, Æļ۹ÞÀº
ÀÚ´Â ±×¸¦ º¸³½ ÀÚº¸´Ù Å©Áöµµ ¾ÊÀ¸´Ï¶ó. ³ÊÈñ °¡¿îµ¥¼ Áö³½ ³ªÀÇ »ýÈ° ¼Ó¿¡¼ ³ÊÈñ´Â ½ÃÁßµå´Â ±æÀ» º¸¾Ò°í,
ÀÎÀÚÇÏ°Ô ±×·¸°Ô ½ÃÁßµå´Â ¿ë±â¸¦ °¡Áú ³ÊÈñ´Â º¹ÀÌ ÀÖµµ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿µÀûÀÎ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼ Å©°Ô µÇ´Â ºñ¹ÐÀº ¹°Áú ¼¼°è¿¡¼
±Ç·ÂÀ» ¾ò´Â ¹æ¹ý°ú °°Áö ¾ÊÀ½À» ³ÊÈñ´Â ¾îÂîÇÏ¿© ±×¸® ´õµð°Ô ±ú´Ý´À³Ä?
179:3.9 (1940.1) ¡°³»°¡ ¿À´Ã ¹ã ÀÌ ¹æÀ¸·Î ¿ÔÀ» ¶§, ³ÊÈñ´Â °Å¸¸ÇÏ¿© ¼·Î ¹ß ¾Ä±â¸¦ °ÅºÎÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ¸·Î ¸¸Á·ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¶ÇÇÑ ´©°¡ ³» ½ÄŹ¿¡¼ ¿µ¿¹ÀÇ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ Â÷ÁöÇÒ±î ³ÊÈñ³¢¸® ¸»´ÙÅù¿¡ ºüÁ®¾ß Çϴ±¸³ª.
±×·¯ÇÑ ¿µ¿¹´Â ¹Ù¸®»õÀΰú ÀÌ ¼¼»óÀÇ ÀÚ³àµéÀÌ Ã£´Â °ÍÀ̾î´Ã, Çϴóª¶ó ´ë»çµé »çÀÌ¿¡ ±×¸®Çؼ´Â ¾È µÇ´À´Ï¶ó.
³» ½ÄŹ¿¡´Â ¿ì´ë¹Þ´Â ÀÚ¸®°¡ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾øÀ½À» ³ÊÈñ°¡ ¸ð¸£´À³Ä? ³»°¡ ³²µéÀ» »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â °Í °°ÀÌ ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ ÇϳªÇϳª¸¦
»ç¶ûÇÔÀ» ÀÌÇØÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´À³Ä? ³ª¿Í °¡Àå °¡±î¿î ÀÚ¸®´Â, »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×·± ¿µ¿¹¸¦ °£ÁÖÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ Çϴóª¶ó¿¡¼ ³ÊÈñ°¡
°¡Áø ÁöÀ§¿Í ÀüÇô »ó°üÀÌ ÀÖÀ» ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¸ð¸£´À³Ä? À̹æÀÎÀÇ ÀÓ±ÝÀº ±× ¹é¼º À§¿¡ ±º¸²Çϸç, ÇÑÆí ÀÌ
±ÇÇÑÀ» Çà»çÇÏ´Â ÀÚµéÀ» ¶§¶§·Î ÈÄ¿øÀÚ¶ó°í ºÎ¸£´Â °ÍÀ» ³ÊÈñ°¡ ¾Æ´À´Ï¶ó. ±×·¯³ª Çϴóª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ»Áö´Ï¶ó.
³ÊÈñ °¡¿îµ¥ Å©°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â ¾Æ·¡ »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÉÁö´Ï¶ó. ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®°¡ µÇ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ´Â, ½ÃÁßµå´Â ÀÚó·³ µÉÁö´Ï¶ó.
´©°¡ ´õ Å©³Ä, ½ÄŹ¿¡ ¾É´Â ÀÚÀ̳Ä, ¾Æ´Ï¸é ½ÃÁßµå´Â ÀÚÀ̳Ä? ½ÄŹ¿¡ ¾É´Â ÀÚ¸¦ º¸Åë ´õ Å©°Ô ¿©±âÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ´À³Ä?
±×·¯³ª ³»°¡ ½ÃÁßµå´Â Àڷμ ³ÊÈñ »çÀÌ¿¡ ÀÖÀ½À» ³ÊÈñ°¡ ÁöÄѺ¸¸®¶ó. ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¶æÀ» ÇàÇÏ´Â µ¥ ³ÊÈñ°¡ ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²²
±â²¨ÀÌ µ¿·á Á¾ÀÌ µÇ¸é, ¹Ì·¡ÀÇ ¿µ±¤ ¼Ó¿¡¼ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¶æÀ» ¿©ÀüÈ÷ ÇàÇϸé¼, ³ÊÈñ´Â ´Ù°¡¿À´Â Çϴóª¶ó¿¡¼ ±Ç·ÂÀ»
°¡Áö°í ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² ¾ÉÀ»Áö´Ï¶ó.¡±
179:3.10 (1940.2) ¿¹¼ö°¡ ¸»¾¸À» ¸¶ÃÆÀ» ¶§, ¾ËÆпÀ ½ÖµÕÀÌ´Â ¸¶Áö¸· ¸¸ÂùÀÇ ´ÙÀ½ °úÁ¤À» À§ÇÏ¿©,
¾´ ³ª¹°°ú ¸¶¸¥ °úÀÏ ¹ÝÁ×°ú ÇÔ²², »§°ú Æ÷µµÁÖ¸¦ °¡Á®¿Ô´Ù.
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3. Washing the Apostles¡¯
Feet
179:3.1 After drinking the first cup of
the Passover, it was the Jewish custom for the host to arise
from the table and wash his hands. Later on in the meal and
after the second cup, all of the guests likewise rose up and
washed their hands. Since the apostles knew that their Master
never observed these rites of ceremonial hand washing, they
were very curious to know what he intended to do when, after
they had partaken of this first cup, he arose from the table
and silently made his way over to near the door, where the water
pitchers, basins, and towels had been placed. And their curiosity
grew into astonishment as they saw the Master remove his outer
garment, gird himself with a towel, and begin to pour water
into one of the foot basins. Imagine the amazement of these
twelve men, who had so recently refused to wash one another's
feet, and who had engaged in such unseemly disputes about positions
of honor at the table, when they saw him make his way around
the unoccupied end of the table to the lowest seat of the feast,
where Simon Peter reclined, and, kneeling down in the attitude
of a servant, make ready to wash Simon's feet. As the Master
knelt, all twelve arose as one man to their feet; even the traitorous
Judas so far forgot his infamy for a moment as to arise with
his fellow apostles in this expression of surprise, respect,
and utter amazement.
179:3.2 There stood Simon Peter, looking down into the upturned
face of his Master. Jesus said nothing; it was not necessary
that he should speak. His attitude plainly revealed that he
was minded to wash Simon Peter's feet. Notwithstanding his frailties
of the flesh, Peter loved the Master. This Galilean fisherman
was the first human being wholeheartedly to believe in the divinity
of Jesus and to make full and public confession of that belief.
And Peter had never since really doubted the divine nature of
the Master. Since Peter so revered and honored Jesus in his
heart, it was not strange that his soul resented the thought
of Jesus' kneeling there before him in the attitude of a menial
servant and proposing to wash his feet as would a slave. When
Peter presently collected his wits sufficiently to address the
Master, he spoke the heart feelings of all his fellow apostles.
179:3.3 After a few moments of this great embarrassment, Peter
said, "Master, do you really mean to wash my feet?"
And then, looking up into Peter's face, Jesus said: "You
may not fully understand what I am about to do, but hereafter
you will know the meaning of all these things." Then Simon
Peter, drawing a long breath, said, "Master, you shall
never wash my feet!" And each of the apostles nodded their
approval of Peter's firm declaration of refusal to allow Jesus
thus to humble himself before them.
179:3.4 The dramatic appeal of this unusual scene at first touched
the heart of even Judas Iscariot; but when his vainglorious
intellect passed judgment upon the spectacle, he concluded that
this gesture of humility was just one more episode which conclusively
proved that Jesus would never qualify as Israel's deliverer,
and that he had made no mistake in the decision to desert the
Master's cause.
179:3.5 As they all stood there in breathless amazement, Jesus
said: "Peter, I declare that, if I do not wash your feet,
you will have no part with me in that which I am about to perform."
When Peter heard this declaration, coupled with the fact that
Jesus continued kneeling there at his feet, he made one of those
decisions of blind acquiescence in compliance with the wish
of one whom he respected and loved. As it began to dawn on Simon
Peter that there was attached to this proposed enactment of
service some signification that determined one's future connection
with the Master's work, he not only became reconciled to the
thought of allowing Jesus to wash his feet but, in his characteristic
and impetuous manner, said: "Then, Master, wash not my
feet only but also my hands and my head."
179:3.6 As the Master made ready to begin washing Peter's feet,
he said: "He who is already clean needs only to have his
feet washed. You who sit with me tonight are clean-but not all.
But the dust of your feet should have been washed away before
you sat down at meat with me. And besides, I would perform this
service for you as a parable to illustrate the meaning of a
new commandment which I will presently give you."
179:3.7 In like manner the Master went around the table, in
silence, washing the feet of his twelve apostles, not even passing
by Judas. When Jesus had finished washing the feet of the twelve,
he donned his cloak, returned to his place as host, and after
looking over his bewildered apostles, said:
179:3.8 "Do you really understand what I have done to you?
You call me Master, and you say well, for so I am. If, then,
the Master has washed your feet, why was it that you were unwilling
to wash one another's feet? What lesson should you learn from
this parable in which the Master so willingly does that service
which his brethren were unwilling to do for one another? Verily,
verily, I say to you: A servant is not greater than his master;
neither is one who is sent greater than he who sends him. You
have seen the way of service in my life among you, and blessed
are you who will have the gracious courage so to serve. But
why are you so slow to learn that the secret of greatness in
the spiritual kingdom is not like the methods of power in the
material world?
179:3.9 "When I came into this chamber tonight, you were
not content proudly to refuse to wash one another's feet, but
you must also fall to disputing among yourselves as to who should
have the places of honor at my table. Such honors the Pharisees
and the children of this world seek, but it should not be so
among the ambassadors of the heavenly kingdom. Do you not know
that there can be no place of preferment at my table? Do you
not understand that I love each of you as I do the others? Do
you not know that the place nearest me, as men regard such honors,
can mean nothing concerning your standing in the kingdom of
heaven? You know that the kings of the gentiles have lordship
over their subjects, while those who exercise this authority
are sometimes called benefactors. But it shall not be so in
the kingdom of heaven. He who would be great among you, let
him become as the younger; while he who would be chief, let
him become as one who serves. Who is the greater, he who sits
at meat, or he who serves? Is it not commonly regarded that
he who sits at meat is the greater? But you will observe that
I am among you as one who serves. If you are willing to become
fellow servants with me in doing the Father's will, in the kingdom
to come you shall sit with me in power, still doing the Father's
will in future glory."
179:3.10 When Jesus had finished speaking, the Alpheus twins
brought on the bread and wine, with the bitter herbs and the
paste of dried fruits, for the next course of the Last Supper.
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4.
¹è¹ÝÀÚ¿¡°Ô ÇϽŠ¸¶Áö¸· ¸»¾¸
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À¯¿ùÀý ÇÏ·ç Àü¿¡, ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀÌ Àú³áÀ» ¸ÔÀ¸·Á°í °á½ÉÇÏ¿´À¸´Ï, ³»ÀÏ ¹ã À̶§ÂëÀÌ µÇ¾î ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²²
ÀÖÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÒ °ÍÀÓÀ̶ó. ³»°¡ ¾Æ¹öÁö²²·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô °Åµì ÀÏ·¶³ë¶ó. ÀÌÁ¦ ³» ¶§°¡ ´Ù°¡¿ÔÀ¸³ª ³ÊÈñ
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½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. ¸ðµÎ°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¹¯°í ³ªÀÚ, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³»°¡ ¾Æ¹öÁö²² °¡´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇصµ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¶æÀ» ÀÌ·ç±â
À§ÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ °¡¿îµ¥ Çϳª°¡ ¹è¹ÝÀÚ°¡ µÉ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø¾ú´À´Ï¶ó. À̴ ȥÀ» ´ÙÇÏ¿© Áø¸®¸¦ »ç¶ûÇÏÁö ¸øÇÑ ÀÚÀÇ °¡½¿
¼Ó¿¡ °¨Ãß¾îÁø ¾ÇÀÌ ¿¸Å¸¦ ¾ò°Ô µÇ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó. ¿µÀû ÆиÁÀ» ¾Õ¼ °¡´Â ÁöÀû ÀÚ¸¸(í»Ø·)Àº ¾ó¸¶³ª °ÅÁþÀÌ °¡µæÇÑ°í!
¿©·¯ ÇØ µ¿¾È °°ÀÌ ÇÏ´ø ³» Ä£±¸°¡, Áö±Ý ³» »§À» ¸Ô´Â ÀÚ°¡ Áö±Ýµµ ³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² Á¢½Ã¿¡ ¼ÕÀ» ´ã±×´Â °Í °°ÀÌ,
±â²¨ÀÌ ³ª¸¦ Àú¹ö¸± °ÍÀ̶ó.¡±
179:4.3 (1940.5) ¿¹¼ö°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»¾¸ÇÏÀÚ, ¸ðµÎ ´Ù½Ã ¹¯±â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù: ¡°³»´ÏÀ̱î?¡± ±×¸®°í ÁÖÀÇ
¿ÞÆí¿¡ ¾É¾Æ ÀÖ´Â À¯´Ù°¡ ´Ù½Ã ¡°³»´ÏÀ̱î?¡± ¹¯ÀÚ, ³ª¹° ´ã±ä Á¢½Ã¿¡ »§À» Âï¾î À¯´Ù¿¡°Ô ÁÖ¸ç ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»Çß´Ù:
¡°³×°¡ ¸»Çßµµ´Ù.¡± ±×·¯³ª ³²µéÀº ¿¹¼ö°¡ À¯´Ù¿¡°Ô À̸£´Â °ÍÀ» µèÁö ¸øÇß´Ù. ¿¹¼öÀÇ ¹Ù¸¥ Æí ÂÊ¿¡¼ ÀÇÁöÇÏ´ø
¿äÇÑÀÌ ÁÖ¿¡°Ô ±â´ë¸ç ¹°¾ú´Ù: ¡°´©±¸À̳ªÀ̱î? ¸Ã±ä Ã¥ÀÓ¿¡ Ãæ½ÇÄ¡ ¾ÊÀº °ÍÀÌ µå·¯³ ÀÚ°¡ ´©±¸ÀÎÁö ¿ì¸®°¡ ¾Ë¾Æ¾ß
ÇϳªÀÌ´Ù.¡± ¿¹¼ö´Â ´ë´äÇß´Ù: ¡°ÀÌ¹Ì ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÀÏ·¶À¸´Ï, Àû½Å »§À» ³»°¡ ±×¿¡°Ô ÁÖ¾ú³ë¶ó.¡± ±×·¯³ª ÁÖÀÎÀÌ
¿·¿¡, ¿ÞÂÊ¿¡ ¾ÉÀº ÀÚ¿¡°Ô Àû½Å »§ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ³Ê¹« ÀÚ¿¬½º·¯¿î ÀÏÀ̾î¼, ÁÖ°¡ ¾ÆÁÖ ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ¸»Ç߾ ¾Æ¹«µµ
À̸¦ ´«Ä¡Ã¤Áö ¸øÇß´Ù. ±×·¯³ª À¯´Ù´Â ±×ÀÇ Çൿ°ú °ü·ÃµÈ ÁÖÀÇ ¸»¾¸ÀÌ ¹«½¼ ÀǹÌÀΰ¡ µû²ûÇÏ°Ô ÀǽÄÇß°í, ÇüÁ¦µéÀÌ
±×°¡ ¹è¹ÝÀÚÀÓÀ» ÀÌÁ¦ ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î ¾Ë°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Â°¡ µÎ·Á¿öÁ³´Ù.
179:4.4 (1941.1) º£µå·Î´Â ±× ¸»À» µè°í Å©°Ô ÈïºÐÇß°í, ½ÄŹ À§·Î ¸öÀ» ±â¿ïÀ̸ç, ¿äÇÑ¿¡°Ô ¹°¾ú´Ù.
¡°±×°¡ ´©±¸Àΰ¡ ÁÖ²² ¹¯µçÁö ¶Ç´Â ÁÖ°¡ ³×°Ô ÀÏ·¶À¸¸é, ´©°¡ ¹è¹ÝÀÚÀΰ¡ ³»°Ô À̸£¶ó.¡±
179:4.5 (1941.2) ¿¹¼ö´Â ±×µéÀÇ ¼ö±º°Å¸®´Â ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ±×Ä¡°Ô ÇÏ¸é¼ ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°ÀÌ·± ³ª»Û ÀÏÀÌ ÀϾÀ¸´Ï
³»°¡ ½½ÇÁ°í, ÀÌ ½Ã°£±îÁöµµ Áø¸®ÀÇ ÈûÀÌ ¾ÇÀÇ ¼ÓÀÓÀ» À̱æ±î ¹Ù¶úÀ¸³ª, Áø¸®¸¦ ÁøÁöÇÏ°Ô »ç¶ûÇÏ´Â ¹ÏÀ½ÀÌ ¾øÀÌ
±×·± ½Â¸®¸¦ ¾òÁö ¸øÇÏ´À´Ï¶ó. À̹ø ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· ¸¸Âù¿¡ ÀÌ·± ÀÏÀ» ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô À̸£Áö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ» ÅÍÀ̳ª, ³ª´Â ÀÌ
½½Ç ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô °æ°íÇÏ°í ±×·¡¼ ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô ÀÌÁ¦ ´ÚÄ£ ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ¸¦ Áغñ½ÃÅ°±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ó³ë¶ó. ³»°¡
³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÀÌ°ÍÀ» À̸¥ °ÍÀº ³»°¡ ¶°³ µÚ¿¡, ÀÌ ¸ðµç ³ª»Û À½¸ð(ëäÙÇ)¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³»°¡ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú°í, ³ª¸¦ ¹è¹ÝÇÏ´Â
ÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ¹Ì¸® °æ°íÇßÀ½À» ³ÊÈñ°¡ »ó±âÇϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶ó´Â ±î´ßÀ̶ó. ±×¸®°í ³»°¡ ÀÌ ¸ðµÎ¸¦ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº
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179:4.6 (1941.3) ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¸»¾¸ÇÏ°í ³ª¼, ¿¹¼ö´Â À¯´Ù¸¦ ÇâÇÏ¿© ¸öÀ» ±â¿ï¿© ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³×°¡ ÇÏ·Á°í
¸¶À½¸ÔÀº °ÍÀ» »¡¸® ÇàÇ϶ó.¡± ÀÌ ¸»¾¸À» µèÀÚ, À¯´Ù´Â ½ÄŹ¿¡¼ ÀϾ¼ Ȳ±ÞÈ÷ ¹æÀ» ¶°³µ°í, ±×°¡ ¼ºÃëÇÏ·Á°í
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¿µÎ »çµµ¿Í ÇÔ²² ½ÃÀÛÇߴµ¥¡ªÀÌÁ¦ ¿ Çϳª°¡ ³²¾Ò´Ù. ¿¹¼ö´Â ÀÌ »çµµµé °¡¿îµ¥ ¿©¼¸À» °ñ¶ú´Ù. ±×°¡ óÀ½¿¡
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¡ãTop
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4. Last
Words to the Betrayer
179:4.1 For some minutes the apostles ate
in silence, but under the influence of the Master's cheerful
demeanor they were soon drawn into conversation, and ere long
the meal was proceeding as if nothing out of the ordinary had
occurred to interfere with the good cheer and social accord
of this extraordinary occasion. After some time had elapsed,
in about the middle of this second course of the meal, Jesus,
looking them over, said: "I have told you how much I desired
to have this supper with you, and knowing how the evil forces
of darkness have conspired to bring about the death of the Son
of Man, I determined to eat this supper with you in this secret
chamber and a day in advance of the Passover since I will not
be with you by this time tomorrow night. I have repeatedly told
you that I must return to the Father. Now has my hour come,
but it was not required that one of you should betray me into
the hands of my enemies."
179:4.2 When the twelve heard this, having already been robbed
of much of their self-assertiveness and self-confidence by the
parable of the feet washing and the Master's subsequent discourse,
they began to look at one another while in disconcerted tones
they hesitatingly inquired, "Is it I?" And when they
had all so inquired, Jesus said: "While it is necessary
that I go to the Father, it was not required that one of you
should become a traitor to fulfill the Father's will. This is
the coming to fruit of the concealed evil in the heart of one
who failed to love the truth with his whole soul. How deceitful
is the intellectual pride that precedes the spiritual downfall!
My friend of many years, who even now eats my bread, will be
willing to betray me, even as he now dips his hand with me in
the dish."
179:4.3 And when Jesus had thus spoken, they all began again
to ask, "Is it I?" And as Judas, sitting on the left
of his Master, again asked, "Is it I?" Jesus, dipping
the bread in the dish of herbs, handed it to Judas, saying,
"You have said." But the others did not hear Jesus
speak to Judas. John, who reclined on Jesus' right hand, leaned
over and asked the Master: "Who is it? We should know who
it is that has proved untrue to his trust." Jesus answered:
"Already have I told you, even he to whom I gave the sop."
But it was so natural for the host to give a sop to the one
who sat next to him on the left that none of them took notice
of this, even though the Master had so plainly spoken. But Judas
was painfully conscious of the meaning of the Master's words
associated with his act, and he became fearful lest his brethren
were likewise now aware that he was the betrayer.
179:4.4 Peter was highly excited by what had been said, and
leaning forward over the table, he addressed John, "Ask
him who it is, or if he has told you, tell me who is the betrayer."
179:4.5 Jesus brought their whisperings to an end by saying:
"I sorrow that this evil should have come to pass and hoped
even up to this hour that the power of truth might triumph over
the deceptions of evil, but such victories are not won without
the faith of the sincere love of truth. I would not have told
you these things at this, our last supper, but I desire to warn
you of these sorrows and so prepare you for what is now upon
us. I have told you of this because I desire that you should
recall, after I have gone, that I knew about all these evil
plottings, and that I forewarned you of my betrayal. And I do
all this only that you may be strengthened for the temptations
and trials which are just ahead."
179:4.6 When Jesus had thus spoken, leaning over toward Judas,
he said: "What you have decided to do, do quickly."
And when Judas heard these words, he arose from the table and
hastily left the room, going out into the night to do what he
had set his mind to accomplish. When the other apostles saw
Judas hasten off after Jesus had spoken to him, they thought
he had gone to procure something additional for the supper or
to do some other errand for the Master since they supposed he
still carried the bag.
179:4.7 Jesus now knew that nothing could be done to keep Judas
from turning traitor. He started with twelve¡ªnow he had eleven.
He chose six of these apostles, and though Judas was among those
nominated by his first-chosen apostles, still the Master accepted
him and had, up to this very hour, done everything possible
to sanctify and save him, even as he had wrought for the peace
and salvation of the others.
179:4.8 This supper, with its tender episodes and softening
touches, was Jesus' last appeal to the deserting Judas, but
it was of no avail. Warning, even when administered in the most
tactful manner and conveyed in the most kindly spirit, as a
rule, only intensifies hatred and fires the evil determination
to carry out to the full one's own selfish projects, when love
is once really dead.
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5.
±â³ä ¸¸ÂùÀ» ¼±·Ê·Î ¸¸µé´Ù
179:5.1 (1941.6) ±×µéÀÌ ¿¹¼ö¿¡°Ô ¼Â° Æ÷µµÁÖ ÀÜ, ¡°ÃູÀÇ
ÀÜ¡±À» °¡Á®¿ÀÀÚ, ±×´Â ¼ÒÆÄ¿¡¼ ÀϾ¼ µÎ ¼Õ¿¡ ÀÜÀ» Áã°í, ÀÌ ¸»¾¸À¸·Î ÃູÇÏ¿´´Ù: ¡°³ÊÈñ´Â ¸ðµÎ ÀÌ ÀÜÀ»
µé°í ¸¶½Ã¶ó. ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ³ª¸¦ ±â³äÇÏ´Â ÀÜÀÌ µÉÁö´Ï¶ó. ÀºÃÑ°ú Áø¸®ÀÇ »õ ¼·¸® ½Ã´ë¸¦ ÃູÇÏ´Â ÀÜÀ̶ó. ÀÌ°ÍÀº
³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô, ½Å¼ºÇÑ Áø¸®ÀÇ ¿µÀÌ ¼ö¿©µÇ°í ºÀ»çÇÏ´Â »ó¡ÀÌ µÉÁö´Ï¶ó. ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼ »õ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ÀÔ°í¼
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179:5.2 (1942.1) Áö±ØÈ÷ Á¤ÁßÇÏ°Ô, ±×¸®°í ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °í¿äÇÑ °¡¿îµ¥ ÀÌ ÃູÀÇ ÀÜÀ» ¸¶½Ã´Â µ¿¾È,
»çµµµéÀº ¸ðµÎ ¹«¾ùÀΰ¡ º¸Åë ¾Æ´Ñ ÀÏÀÌ ¹ú¾îÁö°í ÀÖÀ½À» ´À²¼´Ù. ¿¾ À¯¿ùÀýÀº Á¶»óµéÀÌ ¹ÎÁ·ÀÇ ³ë¿¹ »óÅ¿¡¼
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¸¸µé°í ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ÀÌ ¼·¸® ½Ã´ë¿¡´Â ¿¹½Ä°ú À̱â½ÉÀÇ »ç½½¿¡ ¸Å¿´´ø °³ÀÎÀÌ À̸¦ ¹þ¾î³ª, »ì¾Æ °è½Å Çϳª´ÔÀÇ
¾Æµé, ÇعæµÈ ¹ÏÀ½ÀÇ ¾ÆµéµéÀÌ ÇüÁ¦·Î¼ Ä£±³ÇÏ´Â ¿µÀû ±â»ÝÀ» ´©¸°´Ù.
179:5.3 (1942.2) ±×µéÀÌ ÁÖ¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â ÀÌ »õ ÀÜÀ» ¸¶½Ã°í ³ª¼, ÁÖ´Â »§À» µé¾î, °¨»ç¸¦ µå¸°
µÚ¿¡ ¿©·¯ Á¶°¢À¸·Î ¸¸µé¾î ±×µé¿¡°Ô µ¹¸®¶ó°í Áö½ÃÇÏ¸ç ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³ª¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â ÀÌ »§À» °¡Á®´Ù ¸ÔÀ¸¶ó. ³»°¡
»ý¸íÀÇ »§À̶ó°í ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÀÏ·¶³ë¶ó. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ »ý¸íÀÇ »§Àº ÇÑ ¼±¹° ¾È¿¡ ¾Æ¹öÁö¿Í ¾ÆµéÀÌ ÇϳªµÈ »ý¸íÀ̶ó.
¾Æµé ¾È¿¡¼ µå·¯³ °Í °°ÀÌ, ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¸»¾¸Àº Á¤¸»·Î »ý¸íÀÇ »§À̶ó.¡± ±â³äÇÏ´Â »§À» ¸Ô°í ³ª¼ ±×µéÀº ¸ðµÎ
ÀÚ¸®¿¡ ¾É¾Ò´Âµ¥, ÀÌ »§Àº ÇÊ»ç À°Ã¼ÀÇ ¸ð½ÀÀ» ÀÔ°í À°½ÅȵÈ, »ì¾Æ ÀÖ´Â Áø¸®ÀÇ ¸»¾¸À» »ó¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
179:5.4 (1942.3) ÀÌ ±â³ä ¸¸ÂùÀ» ¼±·Ê·Î ¸¸µé ¶§, ¾ðÁ¦³ª ¹ö¸©À̾ú´ø °Í °°ÀÌ, ÁÖ´Â ºñÀ¯¿Í »ó¡À»
ÀÌ¿ëÇß´Ù. ÈÄ°èÀÚµéÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ¸»¾¸¿¡ Á¤¹ÐÇÑ Çؼ®°ú ºÐ¸íÇÑ Àǹ̸¦ ºÙÀ̱⠾î·Æ°Ô ¸¸µå´Â ±×·± ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î, ¾î¶² Å«
¿µÀû Áø¸®¸¦ °¡¸£Ä¡±â¸¦ ¹Ù¶ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±×´Â »ó¡À» ÀÌ¿ëÇß´Ù. ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î ±×´Â µÚÀÕ´Â ¼¼´ëµéÀÌ ±×ÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§À»
Çü½ÄÈÇÏ°í, ÀüÅë°ú µ¶´ÜÀÇ Á×Àº »ç½½·Î ¿µÀû Àǹ̸¦ ¹¾î³õ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·À¸·Á°í Çß´Ù. ¿¹¼ö´Â ±×ÀÇ Àü »ý¾ÖÀÇ »ç¸í°ú
°ü·ÃµÈ À¯ÀÏÇÑ ¿¹½Ä, Áï ¼ºÂù(á¡óÉ)À» ¼±·Ê·Î ¸¸µé¸é¼, ¸ö¼Ò Á¤È®ÇÑ Á¤ÀǸ¦ ³»¸®±âº¸´Ù ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àǹ̸¦
Á¦½ÃÇÏ·Á°í °í½ÉÇÏ¿´´Ù. Á¤¹ÐÇÑ °ø½Ä(ÍëãÒ)À» ¸¸µé¾î ³õ°í¼ °³ÀÎÀÌ ½Å°ú ±³ÅëÇÏ´Â °³³äÀ» ¾ø¾Ö±â¸¦ ¿øÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò°í,
Çü½ÄÀ¸·Î ±× °³³äÀ» ´Ü´ÜÈ÷ ¹¾î³õ¾Æ ½ÅÀÚÀÇ ¿µÀû »ó»ó·ÂÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶óÁöµµ ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿ÀÈ÷·Á ±×´Â »õ·Ó°í »ý»ýÇÑ
¿µÀû ÀÚÀ¯ÀÇ ³¯°³, Áñ°Å¿î ³¯°³ À§¿¡ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ´Ù½Ã ÅÂ¾î³ È¥À» Çعæ½ÃÅ°·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù.
179:5.5 (1942.4) ÁÖ¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â ÀÌ »õ ¼ºÂùÀ» ÀÌó·³ Á¦Á¤ÇÏ·Á°í ÁÖ°¡ ¾Ö½è´Âµ¥µµ, À°Ã¼¸¦ ÀÔ¾ú´ø
±× ¸¶Áö¸· ¹ãÀÇ »ó¡, °£´ÜÇÑ ¿µÀû »ó¡ÀÌ ¾ö¹ÐÇÑ Çؼ®À¸·Î Á¹¾Æµé°í °ÅÀÇ ¼öÇÐó·³ Á¤È®È÷ Á¤ÇØÁø °ø½Ä¿¡ Áö¹èµÇ¾ú±â
¶§¹®¿¡, Áö³ª¿Â ¿©·¯ ¼¼±â µ¿¾È ±×¸¦ µÚµû¸¥ »ç¶÷µéÀº ±×ÀÇ ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ ¼Ò¸ÁÀÌ ½ÇÁúÀûÀ¸·Î ÁÂÀýµÇµµ·Ï ó¸®ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿¹¼öÀÇ ¸ðµç °¡¸£Ä§ °¡¿îµ¥, ¾Æ¹«°Íµµ À̺¸´Ù ´õ ÀüÅëÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÁØȵÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù.
179:5.6 (1942.5) ÀÌ ±â³ä ¸¸ÂùÀº, ¾ÆµéÀ» ¹Ï°í Çϳª´ÔÀ» ¾Æ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ¸ÔÀ» ¶§, ½ÅÀÌ ÀÚ¸®¿¡
°è½Ã´Ù´Â Àǹ̿¡ °üÇÑ °îÇØ, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾î¶² À¯Ä¡ÇÑ °îÇصµ, ¸¸ÂùÀÇ »ó¡°ú °ü·ÃÁöÀ» ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øÀ¸´Ï, ÀÌ´Â ¾î¶²
±×·¯ÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ÁÖ°¡ Á¤¸»·Î ÀÚ¸®¿¡ °è½Ã±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù. ±â³ä ¸¸ÂùÀº ½ÅÀÚ°¡ ¹Ì°¡¿¤°ú »ó¡ÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸³ª´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù.
³ÊÈñ°¡ ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¿µÀ» ÀǽÄÇÒ ¶§, ¾ÆµéÀº ½ÇÁ¦·Î ÀÚ¸®¿¡ °è½Ã¸ç, ±×ÀÇ ¿µÀº ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ±êµå´Â ºÐ½Å(ÝÂãó)°ú »ç±Ï´Ù.
179:5.7 (1942.6) ±×µéÀÌ ¸î ¼ø°£ ¸í»ó¿¡ Àá±ä µÚ¿¡, ¿¹¼ö´Â ¸»¾¸À» À̾ú´Ù: ¡°³ÊÈñ°¡ À̸¦ ÇàÇÒ
¶§, ¶¥¿¡¼ ³ÊÈñ »çÀÌ¿¡ ³»°¡ »ì¾Æ ¿Ô´ø »îÀ» ȸ»óÇÏ°í, ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²² °è¼Ó ¶¥¿¡¼ »ì°í, ³ÊÈñ¸¦ ÅëÇؼ
ºÀ»çÇϸ®¶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ±â»µÇ϶ó. °³ÀÎÀ¸·Î¼ ´©°¡ °¡Àå Ŭ °ÍÀΰ¡ ³ÊÈñ³¢¸® ´ÙÅõÁö ¸»¶ó. ³ÊÈñ´Â ´Ù ÇüÁ¦ °°ÀÌ µÇ¶ó.
Çϴóª¶ó°¡ Å« ¹«¸®ÀÇ ½ÅÀÚµéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϵµ·Ï Ä¿Áú ¶§, ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î À§´ëÇÏ°Ô µÇ·Á°í ´ÙÅõ°Å³ª ±×·¯ÇÑ Áý´Üµé »çÀÌ¿¡¼
¿ì´ë¹Þ±â¸¦ »ï°¡¾ß ÇÏ´À´Ï¶ó.¡±
179:5.8 (1943.1) ±×¸®°í ÀÌ À§´ëÇÑ Çà»ç´Â ÇÑ Ä£±¸ÀÇ 2Ãþ ¹æ¿¡¼ ÀϾ´Ù. ±× ¸¸ÂùÀ̳ª °Ç¹°¿¡
´ëÇÏ¿© ¾Æ¹«·± ½Å¼ºÇÑ ¸ð½ÀÀ̳ª ¿¹½ÄÀ¸·Î ¼º½º·¯¿öÁø °ÍÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ÁÖ¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â ¸¸ÂùÀº ±³È¸ÀÇ Àΰ¡(ìãʦ)°¡
¾øÀÌ Á¦Á¤µÇ¾ú´Ù.
179:5.9 (1943.2) ÀÌ·¸°Ô ±â¾ïÀÇ ¸¸ÂùÀ» Á¦Á¤ÇÏ°í ³ª¼, ¿¹¼ö´Â »çµµµé¿¡°Ô ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°±×¸®°í ³ÊÈñ°¡
ÀÌ ¸¸ÂùÀ» µé ¶§¸¶´Ù, ³ª¸¦ »ý°¢ÇÏ¸ç ¸ÔÀ¸¶ó. ³ÊÈñ°¡ ³ª¸¦ ±â¾ïÇÒ ¶§, ¸ÕÀú À°Ã¼¸¦ ÀÔ°í »ê ³» ÀÏ»ýÀ» µ¹ÀÌÄѺ¸°í,
³»°¡ ÇѶ§ ³ÊÈñ¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀÖ¾úÀ½À» »ó±âÇ϶ó. ±×¸®°í ³ª¼ ¹ÏÀ½À¸·Î, ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¿µ¿øÇÑ ³ª¶ó¿¡¼ ¾ðÁ¨°¡ ³ÊÈñ ¸ðµÎ°¡
³ª¿Í ÇÔ²² Àú³á ¸ÔÀ» °ÍÀ» Çì¾Æ¸®¶ó. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô µÎ°í °¡´Â »õ À¯¿ùÀý, ¾Æ´Ï ³» ¼ö¿© »ý¸í, ¿µ¿øÇÑ
Áø¸®ÀÇ ¸»¾¸À» ±â¾ïÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó. ±×¸®°í ³»°¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ÁÖ´Â »ç¶û, ¸ðµç À°Ã¼¿¡ ³» Áø¸®ÀÇ ¿µÀ» ÆÛºÎÀ» °ÍÀ»
±â¾ïÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̶ó.¡±
179:5.10 (1943.3) ±×µéÀº ¸ðµÎ ÇÔ²² ½ÃÆí 118ÆíÀ» ³ë·¡ÇÔÀ¸·Î, »õ·Î¿î ±â³ä ¸¸ÂùÀ» â½ÃÇÏ´Â
°Í°ú ¿¬°áÇÏ¿©, ¿À·¡µÈ ÀÌ À¯¿ùÀý ÃàÇϸ¦ ÇÇ È긮Áö ¾Ê°í ¸¶ÃÆ´Ù.
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5. Establishing the Remembrance
Supper
179:5.1 As they brought Jesus the third
cup of wine, the "cup of blessing," he arose from
the couch and, taking the cup in his hands, blessed it, saying:
"Take this cup, all of you, and drink of it. This shall
be the cup of my remembrance. This is the cup of the blessing
of a new dispensation of grace and truth. This shall be to you
the emblem of the bestowal and ministry of the divine Spirit
of Truth. And I will not again drink this cup with you until
I drink in new form with you in the Father's eternal kingdom."
179:5.2 The apostles all sensed that something out of the ordinary
was transpiring as they drank of this cup of blessing in profound
reverence and perfect silence. The old Passover commemorated
the emergence of their fathers from a state of racial slavery
into individual freedom; now the Master was instituting a new
remembrance supper as a symbol of the new dispensation wherein
the enslaved individual emerges from the bondage of ceremonialism
and selfishness into the spiritual joy of the brotherhood and
fellowship of the liberated faith sons of the living God.
179:5.3 When they had finished drinking this new cup of remembrance,
the Master took up the bread and, after giving thanks, broke
it in pieces and, directing them to pass it around, said: "
Take this bread of remembrance and eat it. I have told you that
I am the bread of life. And this bread of life is the united
life of the Father and the Son in one gift. The word of the
Father, as revealed in the Son, is indeed the bread of life.
" When they had partaken of the bread of remembrance, the
symbol of the living word of truth incarnated in the likeness
of mortal flesh, they all sat down.
179:5.4 In instituting this remembrance supper, the Master,
as was always his habit, resorted to parables and symbols. He
employed symbols because he wanted to teach certain great spiritual
truths in such a manner as to make it difficult for his successors
to attach precise interpretations and definite meanings to his
words. In this way he sought to prevent successive generations
from crystallizing his teaching and binding down his spiritual
meanings by the dead chains of tradition and dogma. In the establishment
of the only ceremony or sacrament associated with his whole
life mission, Jesus took great pains to suggest his meanings
rather than to commit himself to precise definitions. He did
not wish to destroy the individual's concept of divine communion
by establishing a precise form; neither did he desire to limit
the believer's spiritual imagination by formally cramping it.
He rather sought to set man's reborn soul free upon the joyous
wings of a new and living spiritual liberty.
179:5.5 Notwithstanding the Master's effort thus to establish
this new sacrament of the remembrance, those who followed after
him in the intervening centuries saw to it that his express
desire was effectively thwarted in that his simple spiritual
symbolism of that last night in the flesh has been reduced to
precise interpretations and subjected to the almost mathematical
precision of a set formula. Of all Jesus' teachings none have
become more tradition-standardized.
179:5.6 This supper of remembrance, when it is partaken of by
those who are Son-believing and God-knowing, does not need to
have associated with its symbolism any of man's puerile misinterpretations
regarding the meaning of the divine presence, for upon all such
occasions the Master is really present. The remembrance supper
is the believer's symbolic rendezvous with Michael. When you
become thus spirit-conscious, the Son is actually present, and
his spirit fraternizes with the indwelling fragment of his Father.
179:5.7 After they had engaged in meditation for a few moments,
Jesus continued speaking: "When you do these things, recall
the life I have lived on earth among you and rejoice that I
am to continue to live on earth with you and to serve through
you. As individuals, contend not among yourselves as to who
shall be greatest. Be you all as brethren. And when the kingdom
grows to embrace large groups of believers, likewise should
you refrain from contending for greatness or seeking preferment
between such groups."
179:5.8 And this mighty occasion took place in the upper chamber
of a friend. There was nothing of sacred form or of ceremonial
consecration about either the supper or the building. The remembrance
supper was established without ecclesiastical sanction.
179:5.9 When Jesus had thus established the supper of the remembrance,
he said to the twelve: "And as often as you do this, do
it in remembrance of me. And when you do remember me, first
look back upon my life in the flesh, recall that I was once
with you, and then, by faith, discern that you shall all some
time sup with me in the Father's eternal kingdom. This is the
new Passover which I leave with you, even the memory of my bestowal
life, the word of eternal truth; and of my love for you, the
outpouring of my Spirit of Truth upon all flesh."
179:5.10 And they ended this celebration of the old but bloodless
Passover in connection with the inauguration of the new supper
of the remembrance, by singing, all together, the one hundred
and eighteenth Psalm.
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