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Paper
135
John the Baptist
135:0.1 John the Baptist was born March 25, 7 B.C., in accordance
with the promise that Gabriel made to Elizabeth in June of the
previous year. For five months Elizabeth kept secret Gabriel's
visitation; and when she told her husband, Zacharias, he was
greatly troubled and fully believed her narrative only after
he had an unusual dream about six weeks before the birth of
John. Excepting the visit of Gabriel to Elizabeth and the dream
of Zacharias, there was nothing unusual or supernatural connected
with the birth of John the Baptist.
135:0.2 On the eighth day John was circumcised according to
the Jewish custom. He grew up as an ordinary child, day by day
and year by year, in the small village known in those days as
the City of Judah, about four miles west of Jerusalem.
135:0.3 The most eventful occurrence in John's early childhood
was the visit, in company with his parents, to Jesus and the
Nazareth family. This visit occurred in the month of June, 1
B.C., when he was a little over six years of age.
135:0.4 After their return from Nazareth John's parents began
the systematic education of the lad. There was no synagogue
school in this little village; however, as he was a priest,
Zacharias was fairly well educated, and Elizabeth was far better
educated than the average Judean woman; she was also of the
priesthood, being a descendant of the "daughters of Aaron."
Since John was an only child, they spent a great deal of time
on his mental and spiritual training. Zacharias had only short
periods of service at the temple in Jerusalem so that he devoted
much of his time to teaching his son.
135:0.5 Zacharias and Elizabeth had a small farm on which they
raised sheep. They hardly made a living on this land, but Zacharias
received a regular allowance from the temple funds dedicated
to the priesthood.
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1.
¿äÇÑÀÌ ³ªÁö¸£ÀÎÀÌ µÇ´Ù
135:1.1 (1496.6) ¿äÇÑÀº ¿³× »ì¿¡ Á¹¾÷ÇÏ´Â ¾î¶² Çб³¿¡µµ
´Ù´ÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸, ºÎ¸ð´Â ÀÌ ÇØ°¡ Á¤½ÄÀ¸·Î ³ªÁö¸£ÀÎÀÇ ¼¾àÀ» Çϱ⿡ Àû´çÇÑ Çضó°í Á¤Çß´Ù. µû¶ó¼ »ç°¡¸®¾Æ¿Í
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°¡Áø Æ°Æ°ÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ µÇ¾ú´Ù.
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Å©°Ô °¨¸íÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò°í ±×ÀÇ ¿Ê ½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀ» äÅÃÇϱâ·Î °á½ÉÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×³¯ºÎÅÍ ¿äÇÑÀº ¾ðÁ¦³ª ÅÐ ÀÖ´Â ¿ÊÀ» ÀÔ°í °¡Á×
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±â´ëÇß´Ù.
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1. John
Becomes a Nazarite
135:1.1 John had no school from which to
graduate at the age of fourteen, but his parents had selected
this as the appropriate year for him to take the formal Nazarite
vow. Accordingly, Zacharias and Elizabeth took their son to
Engedi, down by the Dead Sea. This was the southern headquarters
of the Nazarite brotherhood, and there the lad was duly and
solemnly inducted into this order for life. After these ceremonies
and the making of the vows to abstain from all intoxicating
drinks, to let the hair grow, and to refrain from touching the
dead, the family proceeded to Jerusalem, where, before the temple,
John completed the making of the offerings which were required
of those taking Nazarite vows.
135:1.2 John took the same life vows that had been administered
to his illustrious predecessors, Samson and the prophet Samuel.
A life Nazarite was looked upon as a sanctified and holy personality.
The Jews regarded a Nazarite with almost the respect and veneration
accorded the high priest, and this was not strange since Nazarites
of lifelong consecration were the only persons, except high
priests, who were ever permitted to enter the holy of holies
in the temple.
135:1.3 John returned home from Jerusalem to tend his father's
sheep and grew up to be a strong man with a noble character.
135:1.4 When sixteen years old, John, as a result of reading
about Elijah, became greatly impressed with the prophet of Mount
Carmel and decided to adopt his style of dress. From that day
on John always wore a hairy garment with a leather girdle. At
sixteen he was more than six feet tall and almost full grown.
With his flowing hair and peculiar mode of dress he was indeed
a picturesque youth. And his parents expected great things of
this their only son, a child of promise and a Nazarite for life.
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2.
»ç°¡¸®¾ÆÀÇ Á×À½
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°ÍÀ» ±ÝÇ߱⠶§¹®¿¡ À̶§´Â Å©°Ô ³Ã³ÇÑ ¶§¿´´Ù. ºñ·Ï Á×Àº »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ¿À¿°µÇ´Â °Í¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¼¾àÇÑ Á¶°ÇÀ» µû¸£·Á°í
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135:2.2 (1497.4) ÀÌ ÇØ 9¿ù¿¡ ¿¤¸®ÀÚºª°ú ¿äÇÑÀº ¸¶¸®¾Æ¿Í ¿¹¼ö¸¦ ã¾Æº¸·Á°í ³ª»ç·¿À¸·Î ¿©ÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù.
¿äÇÑÀº ÀÏ»ýÀÇ ÀÏÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇÏ·Á°í °ÅÀÇ ¸¶À½À» ¸Ô¾ú´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ¿¹¼öÀÇ ¸»¾¸»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ±×ÀÇ ¸ð¹üÀ» º¸°í¼ ¿äÇÑÀº
ÁýÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¼ ¾î¸Ó´Ï¸¦ µ¹º¸°í ¡°¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¶§°¡ ¿À±â¡±¸¦ ±â´Ù·Á¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ Áñ°Å¿î ¹æ¹®ÀÌ
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´Ù½Ã ¸¸³ªÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
135:2.3 (1497.5) ¿äÇÑ°ú ¿¤¸®ÀÚºªÀº ÁýÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡¼ ¾Õ³¯À» À§ÇÏ¿© ºñ·Î¼Ò °èȹÀ» ¼¼¿ü´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀÌ
¼ºÀü ±â±ÝÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÞÀ» »çÁ¦ÀÇ ¼ö´çÀ» °ÅÀýÇßÀ¸¹Ç·Î 2³âÀÌ Áö³ªÀÚ ±×µéÀº °ÅÀÇ ÁýÀ» ÀÒ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×·¡¼ ±×µéÀº
¾ç ¶¼¿Í ÇÔ²² ³²ÂÊÀ¸·Î ³»·Á°¡±â·Î ÀÛÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. µû¶ó¼ ¿äÇÑÀÌ ½º¹« »ìÀÌ µÇ´ø ÇØ ¿©¸§¿¡, ±×µéÀº Çìºê·ÐÀ¸·Î
¿Å°Ü °¬´Ù. À̸¥¹Ù ¡°À¯´ëÀÇ È²¹«Áö¡±¿¡¼, ¿¨°Ôµð·ÎºÎÅÍ »çÇØ·Î µé¾î°¡´Â Å« ¹°ÁÙ±âÀÇ °¡ÁöÀÎ ¾î´À ½Ã³Á¹°À» µû¶ó¼,
¿äÇÑÀº ¾çÀ» ÃÆ´Ù. ¿¨°Ôµð ÃÌÀº Á¾½Å ¹× ½ÃÇѺηΠÇå½ÅÇÏ´Â ³ªÁö¸£ÀÎ»Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ±Ý¿åÇÏ´Â ¼ö¸¹Àº ´Ù¸¥ ¸ñÃàÀÚ¸¦
Æ÷ÇÔÇß´Ù. À̵éÀº ÀÌ Áö¿ª¿¡¼ °¡Ãà ¶¼¿Í ÇÔ²² ¸ð¿©¼ ³ªÁö¸£ÀÎ ´Üü¿Í »ç±Í¾ú´Ù. ±×µéÀº ¾çÀ» ±æ·¯¼, ±×¸®°í
ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ À¯´ëÀεéÀÌ ±× °è±Þ¿¡°Ô ÁØ ¹°Ç°À¸·Î »ý°è¸¦ À̾ú´Ù.
135:2.4 (1497.6) ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ªÀÚ ¿äÇÑÀº Çìºê·ÐÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ°¡´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¶äÇØÁ³°í, ÇÑÆí ¿¨°Ôµð·Î ºó¹øÈ÷
ã¾Æ°¬´Ù. ±×´Â ´ë´Ù¼öÀÇ ³ªÁö¸£Àΰú ¾ÆÁÖ ¿ÂÅë ´Þ¶ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±× ´Üü¿Í Ä£¹ÐÇÏ°Ô »ç±Í±â°¡ ¾î·Á¿òÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ±×´Â ¿¨°Ôµð ÃÌÀÌ ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ÁöµµÀÚ¿ä ¿ìµÎ¸Ó¸®ÀÎ ¾Æºê³Ê¸¦ ¹«Ã´ ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´Ù.
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2. The Death
of Zacharias
135:2.1 After an illness of several months
Zacharias died in July, A.D. 12, when John was just past eighteen
years of age. This was a time of great embarrassment to John
since the Nazarite vow forbade contact with the dead, even in
one's own family. Although John had endeavored to comply with
the restrictions of his vow regarding contamination by the dead,
he doubted that he had been wholly obedient to the requirements
of the Nazarite order; therefore, after his father's burial
he went to Jerusalem, where, in the Nazarite corner of the women's
court, he offered the sacrifices required for his cleansing.
135:2.2 In September of this year Elizabeth and John made a
journey to Nazareth to visit Mary and Jesus. John had just about
made up his mind to launch out in his lifework, but he was admonished,
not only by Jesus' words but also by his example, to return
home, take care of his mother, and await the "coming of
the Father's hour." After bidding Jesus and Mary good-bye
at the end of this enjoyable visit, John did not again see Jesus
until the event of his baptism in the Jordan.
135:2.3 John and Elizabeth returned to their home and began
to lay plans for the future. Since John refused to accept the
priest's allowance due him from the temple funds, by the end
of two years they had all but lost their home; so they decided
to go south with the sheep herd. Accordingly, the summer that
John was twenty years of age witnessed their removal to Hebron.
In the so-called "wilderness of Judea" John tended
his sheep along a brook that was tributary to a larger stream
which entered the Dead Sea at Engedi. The Engedi colony included
not only Nazarites of lifelong and time-period consecration
but numerous other ascetic herdsmen who congregated in this
region with their herds and fraternized with the Nazarite brotherhood.
They supported themselves by sheep raising and from gifts which
wealthy Jews made to the order.
135:2.4 As time passed, John returned less often to Hebron,
while he made more frequent visits to Engedi. He was so entirely
different from the majority of the Nazarites that he found it
very difficult fully to fraternize with the brotherhood. But
he was very fond of Abner, the acknowledged leader and head
of the Engedi colony.
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3.
¸ñÀÚÀÇ »ýÈ°
135:3.1 (1497.7) ÀÌ ÀÛÀº ½Ã³Á¹°ÀÌ È帣´Â °ñÂ¥±â¸¦ µû¶ó¼
¿äÇÑÀº µ¹ ¿ÀµÎ¸·°ú ¹ã¿¡ ¾²´Â ¿ïŸ¸®¸¦ ¿µÑ ÀÌ»ó Áö¾ú°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ½×¾Æ ³õÀº µ¹·Î ÀÌ·ç¾îÁ³´Ù. ±× ¾È¿¡¼ ±×´Â
¾ç°ú ¿°¼Ò ¶¼¸¦ ÁöÅ°°í º¸È£ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¸ñµ¿À¸·Î Áö³»´Â ¿äÇÑÀÇ »ýÈ°Àº »ý°¢ÇÒ ½Ã°£À» »ó´çÈ÷ ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â
º£½ºÁÖ¸£ÀÇ °í¾Æ ¼Ò³â ¿¡Áî´Ù¿Í ¸¹ÀÌ À̾߱âÇß´Ù. ¾î¶² ¸é¿¡¼ ÀÌ ¾ÆÀ̸¦ ¾çÀÚ·Î »ï¾Ò´Ù. ¾È½ÄÀÏ ¿¹¹è¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿©
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¿äÇÑ°ú ±× ¼Ò³âÀº ¹«Ã´ °Ë¼ÒÇÏ°Ô »ì¾Ò°í ¾ç°í±â, ¿°¼Ò Á¥, ¾ß»ý ²Ü, ±×¸®°í ±× Áö¿ª¿¡¼ ¸ÔÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¸Þ¶Ñ±â¸¦
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135:3.2 (1498.1) ¿¤¸®ÀÚºªÀº ¿äÇÑ¿¡°Ô ÆÈ·¹½ºÅ¸Àΰú ¼¼»óÀÏ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¼Ò½ÄÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿¾ üÁ¦°¡
¸·À» ³»¸®´Â ¶§°¡ ±ÞÈ÷ ´Ù°¡¿À°í ÀÖ´Ù, ±×°¡ »õ ½Ã´ë, °ð ¡°Çϴóª¶ó¡±°¡ °¡±îÀÌ ¿ÔÀ½À» ¾Ë¸®´Â »çÀÚ°¡ µÇ¸®¶ó´Â
±×ÀÇ È®½ÅÀº ´õ¿í ´õ ±í¾îÁ³´Ù. ÀÌ °ÅÄ£ ¸ñÀÚ´Â ´Ù´Ï¿¤ ¼±Áö(à»ò±)°¡ ¾´ ±ÛÀ» ¹«Ã´ ÁÁ¾ÆÇß´Ù. ´Ù´Ï¿¤ÀÌ Å«
¿ì»óÀ» ¹¦»çÇÑ °ÍÀ» 1õ ¹ø Àоú´Ù. »ç°¡¸®¾Æ´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¹Ùºô·ÐÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ¿©, Æ丣½Ã¾Æ, ±×¸®½º ±×¸®°í ¸¶Ä§³»
·Î¸¶±îÁö ¼¼°èÀÇ ¿°ÀÇ ¿ª»ç¸¦ ´ëÇ¥ÇÑ´Ù°í ÀÏ·¯ÁÖ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ¹Ì ·Î¸¶°¡ ´Ù±¹¾î¸¦ ¾²´Â ±×·± ¹ÎÁ·°ú Á¾Á·µé·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ¾î¼,
¿äÇÑÀº ·Î¸¶°¡ °áÄÚ °ÇÏ°Ô °á¼ÓµÇ°í ±»°Ô ´Ü°áµÈ Á¦±¹ÀÌ µÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ±ú´Þ¾Ò´Ù. ±× ½ÃÀý¿¡µµ ±×´Â ·Î¸¶°¡
½Ã¸®¾Æ¤ý¿¡ÁýÆ®¤ýÆÈ·¹½ºÅ¸ÀÎ ±×¸®°í ±âŸ ¿©·¯ Áö¹æÀ¸·Î °¥¶óÁ® ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ±×´Â ´õ Àоú´Ù: ¡°ÀÌ ¿ÕµéÀÇ
½ÃÀý¿¡ ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ Çϳª´ÔÀÌ °áÄÚ ¸ê¸ÁÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÒ ³ª¶ó¸¦ ¼¼¿ì¸®¶ó. ÀÌ ³ª¶ó´Â ´Ù¸¥ ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô ¸Ã°ÜÁöÁö ¾Ê°ÚÀ¸³ª ÀÌ
¸ðµç ³ª¶ó¸¦ »ê»êÁ¶°¢ ºÎ¼ö°í »ïÄÑ ¹ö¸±Áö¸ç ±× ³ª¶ó´Â ¿µ¿øÅä·Ï ¼¸®¶ó,¡± ¡°±×¿¡°Ô ¿µÅä¿Í ¿µÈ(ç´ü¤)¿Í ³ª¶ó¸¦
ÁÖ¾ú°í ¸ðµç ¹ÎÁ·°ú ³ª¶ó¿Í ¾ð¾î°¡ ±×¸¦ ¼¶±æÁö´Ï¶ó. ±×ÀÇ ¿µÅä´Â ¿µ¿øÇÑ ¿µÅä¿ä »ç¶óÁöÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇÏ¸ç ±× ³ª¶ó´Â
°áÄÚ ¸ÁÇÏÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸ®¶ó.¡± ¡°³ª¶ó¿Í ¿µÅä, ±×¸®°í ¿Â ÇÏ´Ã ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼ ³ª¶óÀÇ À§¼¼¸¦ ÃÖ°íÀÚÀÇ ¼ºÀÚ(á¡íº) ¹ÎÁ·¿¡°Ô
ÁÖ¸®´Ï ±×ÀÇ ³ª¶ó´Â ¿µ¿øÇÑ ³ª¶ó¿ä ¸ðµç ¿µÅä°¡ ±×¸¦ ¼¶±â°í º¹Á¾ÇÒÁö´Ï¶ó.¡±
135:3.3 (1498.2) ¿äÇÑÀº ¿¹¼ö¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ºÎ¸ðÇÑÅ×¼ µéÀº °Í, ±×¸®°í ¼º¼¿¡¼ ÀÐÀº ÀÌ ±¸ÀýµéÀÌ
ÀÏÀ¸Å² È¥¶õ¿¡¼ °áÄÚ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹þ¾î³¯ ¼ö ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ´Ù´Ï¿¤¼¿¡¼ ±×´Â Àоú´Ù: ¡°³»°¡ ¹ã¿¡ ȯ»óÀ» º¸¾ÒÀ¸´Ï, º¸¶ó,
»ç¶÷ÀÇ ¾Æµé°ú °°Àº ÀÚ°¡ ÇÏ´ÃÀÇ ±¸¸§À» Ÿ°í ¿Ô°í ±×¿¡°Ô ÅëÄ¡±Ç°ú ¿µÈ¿Í ³ª¶ó°¡ ÁÖ¾îÁ³´À´Ï¶ó.¡± ±×·¯³ª ¼±ÁöÀÚÀÇ
ÀÌ ¸»¾¸Àº ºÎ¸ð°¡ °¡¸£ÃÄ ÁØ °Í°ú Á¶ÈµÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¿¿©´ü »ì¿¡ ¹æ¹®ÇßÀ» ¶§ ¿¹¼ö¿Í ³ª´« À̾߱⵵ ¼º¼ÀÇ ÀÌ
¸»¾¸°ú ¸ÂÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ·± È¥¶õÀÌ ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥µµ ¿Â°® È¥¶õÀ» ÅëÇؼ ³»³», ¸Õ »çÃÌ ³ª»ç·¿ ¿¹¼ö°¡ Âü ¸Þ½Ã¾ÆÀÌ´Ù,
´ÙÀÀÇ ¿ÕÁ¿¡ ¾ÉÀ¸·Á°í ¿Ô´Ù, ±×¸®°í ÀÚ±â(¿äÇÑ)´Â ±×°¡ ¹Ì¸® º¸³½ »çÀÚ(ÞÅíº)¿ä À¸¶ä°¡´Â ÁöÁöÀÚ°¡ µÇ¸®¶ó°í
¾î¸Ó´Ï´Â È®½ÅÀ» ÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
135:3.4 (1498.3) ·Î¸¶ÀÇ ¾Ç´ö°ú »ç¾ÇÇÔ, Á¦±¹ÀÇ ¹æÅÁÇÏ°í ºÎµµ´öÇÔ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±×°¡ µéÀº ¸ðµç °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ,
Çì·Ô ¾ÈƼÆĽº¿Í À¯´ë Ãѵ¶µéÀÇ ¾ÇÇà¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¿äÇÑÀº ½Ã´ëÀÇ ³¡ÀÌ ´Ù°¡¿À°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ¹Ï°í ½Í¾ú´Ù.
°ÅÄ¥°í °í±ÍÇÑ ÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ ¾ÆÀÌ¿¡°Ô´Â »ç¶÷ÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡ ³¡³ª°í »õ·Î¿î ½Å¼ºÇÑ ½Ã´ë¡ªÇϴóª¶ó¡ª°¡ ¹à¾Æ¿À´Â °ÍÀ» À§ÇÏ¿©
¼¼»óÀÌ ¹«¸£ÀÍÀº µíÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀڱⰡ ¿¾ ¼±ÁöÀÚµéÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·ÀÌ¿ä, »õ ¼±ÁöÀÚµéÀÇ Ã³À½ÀÌ µÇ¸®¶ó´Â ´À³¦ÀÌ ¿äÇÑÀÇ °¡½¿
¼Ó¿¡¼ ÀÚ¶ú´Ù. ¹ÚÂ÷°í ³ª°¡¼ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô ÀÌ·¸°Ô ¿ÜÄ¡°í ½ÍÀº ²ú¾î¿À¸£´Â Ã浿À¸·Î ¹«Ã´ ¸¶À½ÀÌ ¼³Ž®´Ù. ¡°È¸°³Ç϶ó!
Çϳª´Ô²² ¹Ù¸£°Ô ÇàÇ϶ó! ¸¶Áö¸· ³¯À» À§ÇÏ¿© ÁغñÇ϶ó. ¼¼»óÀÏÀÇ »õ·Ó°í ¿µ¿øÇÑ Ã¼Á¦, Çϴóª¶ó°¡ ¿À´Â °ÍÀ»
À§ÇÏ¿© ³ÊÈñ ½º½º·Î ÁغñÇ϶ó.¡±
¡ãTop
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3. The Life
of a Shepherd
135:3.1 Along the valley of this little
brook John built no less than a dozen stone shelters and night
corrals, consisting of piled-up stones, wherein he could watch
over and safeguard his herds of sheep and goats. John's life
as a shepherd afforded him a great deal of time for thought.
He talked much with Ezda, an orphan lad of Beth-zur, whom he
had in a way adopted, and who cared for the herds when he made
trips to Hebron to see his mother and to sell sheep, as well
as when he went down to Engedi for Sabbath services. John and
the lad lived very simply, subsisting on mutton, goat's milk,
wild honey, and the edible locusts of that region. This, their
regular diet, was supplemented by provisions brought from Hebron
and Engedi from time to time.
135:3.2 Elizabeth kept John posted about Palestinian and world
affairs, and his conviction grew deeper and deeper that the
time was fast approaching when the old order was to end; that
he was to become the herald of the approach of a new age, "the
kingdom of heaven." This rugged shepherd was very partial
to the writings of the Prophet Daniel. He read a thousand times
Daniel's description of the great image, which Zacharias had
told him represented the history of the great kingdoms of the
world, beginning with Babylon, then Persia, Greece, and finally
Rome. John perceived that already was Rome composed of such
polyglot peoples and races that it could never become a strongly
cemented and firmly consolidated empire. He believed that Rome
was even then divided, as Syria, Egypt, Palestine, and other
provinces; and then he further read "in the days of these
kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom which shall never
be destroyed. And this kingdom shall not be left to other people
but shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and
it shall stand forever." "And there was given him
dominion and glory and a kingdom that all peoples, nations,
and languages should serve him. His dominion is an everlasting
dominion, which shall not pass away, and his kingdom never shall
be destroyed." "And the kingdom and dominion and the
greatness of the kingdom under the whole heaven shall be given
to the people of the saints of the Most High, whose kingdom
is an everlasting kingdom, and all dominions shall serve and
obey him."
135:3.3 John was never able completely to rise above the confusion
produced by what he had heard from his parents concerning Jesus
and by these passages which he read in the Scriptures. In Daniel
he read: "I saw in the night visions, and, behold, one
like the Son of Man came with the clouds of heaven, and there
was given him dominion and glory and a kingdom." But these
words of the prophet did not harmonize with what his parents
had taught him. Neither did his talk with Jesus, at the time
of his visit when he was eighteen years old, correspond with
these statements of the Scriptures. Notwithstanding this confusion,
throughout all of his perplexity his mother assured him that
his distant cousin, Jesus of Nazareth, was the true Messiah,
that he had come to sit on the throne of David, and that he
(John) was to become his advance herald and chief support.
135:3.4 From all John heard of the vice and wickedness of Rome
and the dissoluteness and moral barrenness of the empire, from
what he knew of the evil doings of Herod Antipas and the governors
of Judea, he was minded to believe that the end of the age was
impending. It seemed to this rugged and noble child of nature
that the world was ripe for the end of the age of man and the
dawn of the new and divine age¡ªthe kingdom of heaven. The feeling
grew in John's heart that he was to be the last of the old prophets
and the first of the new. And he fairly vibrated with the mounting
impulse to go forth and proclaim to all men: "Repent! Get
right with God! Get ready for the end; prepare yourselves for
the appearance of the new and eternal order of earth affairs,
the kingdom of heaven."
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4.
¿¤¸®ÀÚºªÀÇ Á×À½
135:4.1 (1499.1) ¼±â 22³â 8¿ù 17ÀÏ, ¿äÇÑÀÌ ½º¹° ¿©´üÀ̾úÀ»
¶§ ¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ °©Àڱ⠵¹¾Æ°¡¼Ì´Ù. ¿¤¸®ÀÚºªÀÇ Ä£±¸µéÀº ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °¡Á· ¾È¿¡¼µµ Á×Àº »ç¶÷°ú Á¢ÃËÇÏÁö ¸»¶ó´Â ³ªÁö¸£ÀÎÀÇ
Á¦ÇÑÀ» ¾Ë°í¼, ¿äÇÑÀ» ºÎ¸£±â Àü¿¡ ¿¤¸®ÀÚºªÀÇ Àå·Ê¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ¸ðµç ÁÖ¼±À» ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¾î¸Ó´Ï°¡ µ¹¾Æ°¡¼Ì´Ù´Â ¸»À»
µé¾úÀ» ¶§ ±×´Â ¿¡Áî´Ù¿¡°Ô ¾ç ¶¼¸¦ ¿¨°Ôµð·Î ¸ô¶ó°í Áö½ÃÇÏ°í Çìºê·ÐÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© ¶°³µ´Ù.
135:4.2 (1499.2) ¾î¸Ó´ÏÀÇ Àå·Ê½ÄÀ» Áö³»°í ¿¨°Ôµð·Î µ¹¾Æ¿Í¼ ±×´Â ¾ç ¶¼¸¦ ±× ´Üü¿¡°Ô ³»¾îÁÖ¾ú´Ù.
±×¸®°í ±Ý½ÄÇÏ°í ±âµµÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡ ¹Ù±ù ¼¼°è·ÎºÎÅÍ Çѵ¿¾È µû·Î ¶³¾îÁ® ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀº ½Å¿¡°Ô Á¢±ÙÇÏ´Â ¿¾ ¹æ¹ýµé¸¸
¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ¿ÀÁ÷ ¿¤¸®¾ß¤ý»ç¹«¿¤¤ý´Ù´Ï¿¤¼¿Í °°Àº ±â·Ïµé¸¸ ¾Ë°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ¿¤¸®¾ß´Â ±×¿¡°Ô ¼±ÁöÀÚÀÇ ÀÌ»ó(ìµßÌ)À̾ú´Ù.
¿¤¸®¾ß´Â ¼±ÁöÀÚ·Î ¿©°ÜÁö°Ô µÈ, À̽º¶ó¿¤ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ ¼±»ýÀ̾ú´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀº ÀڱⰡ ±æ°íµµ ¶Ù¾î³ ÀÌ °è¿ÀÇ ÇÏ´Ã »çÀÚ
Áß¿¡¼ ¸¶Áö¸·ÀÌ µÇ¸®¶ó°í ÂüÀ¸·Î ¹Ï¾ú´Ù.
135:4.3 (1499.3) 2³â ¹Ý µ¿¾È ¿äÇÑÀº ¿¨°Ôµð¿¡¼ »ì¾Ò´Ù. ¡°½Ã´ëÀÇ ³¡ÀÌ °¡±î¿ü´Ù,¡± ¡°Çϴóª¶ó°¡
¹Ù¾ßÈå·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª·Á ÇÑ´Ù¡±°í ±× ´ÜüÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» ¼³µæÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×ÀÇ Ãʱ⠰¡¸£Ä§Àº ¸ðµÎ, ¸Þ½Ã¾Æ°¡ À¯´ë ±¹°¡¸¦
À̹æ(ì¶ÛÀ) ÅëÄ¡ÀÚÀÇ Áö¹è¿¡¼ ±¸¿øÇϸ®¶ó ¾à¼ÓµÈ »ç¶÷À̶ó´Â ´ç´ë À¯´ëÀÎÀÇ »ý°¢°ú °³³ä¿¡ ¹ÙÅÁÀ» µÎ¾ú´Ù.
135:4.4 (1499.4) ÀÌ ±â°£ ³»³», ¿äÇÑÀº ¿¨°Ôµð¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ³ªÁö¸£ÀεéÀÇ Áý¿¡¼ ¹ß°ßÇÑ ½Å¼ºÇÑ ±â·ÏÀ»
¸¹ÀÌ Àоú´Ù. ƯÈ÷ ÀÌ»ç¾ß¼, ±×¸®°í ±× ½Ã´ë¿¡ À̸£±â±îÁö ¸¶Áö¸· ¼±ÁöÀÚ¿´´ø ¸»¶ó±âÀÇ ±â·ÏÀ» ÀÐ°í °¨¸íÀ» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
±×´Â ÀÌ»ç¾ß¼ÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸· 5ÀåÀ» ÀÐ°í ¶Ç Àаí ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¿¹¾ðÀ» ¹Ï¾ú´Ù. ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ¸»¶ó±â¼¸¦ Àаï ÇÏ¿´´Ù: ¡°º¸¾Æ¶ó,
ÁÖÀÇ Å©°í ¹«¼¿î ³¯ÀÌ ¿À±â Àü¿¡ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ¼±ÁöÀÚ ¿¤¸®¾ß¸¦ º¸³»¸®¶ó. ³»°¡ ¿Í¼ ÀúÁÖ·Î ¶¥À» Ä¥±î ÇÏ¿©, ±×´Â
¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ ¸¶À½À» ¾ÆÀ̵鿡°Ô µ¹ÀÌÅ°°Ô ÇÏ°í ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÇ ¸¶À½À» ÀúÈñ ¾Æ¹öÁö¿¡°Ô µ¹ÀÌÅ°°Ô Çϸ®¶ó.¡± ¿¤¸®¾ß°¡ µ¹¾Æ¿À¸®¶ó´Â
ÀÌ ¸»¶ó±âÀÇ ¾à¼ÓÀÌ °¡±î½º·Î ¿äÇÑÀÌ ³ª°¡¼ Çϴóª¶ó°¡ ´Ù°¡¿Ô´Ù°í ÀüµµÇÏ°í µ¿·á À¯´ëÀε鿡°Ô ´Ù°¡¿Ã Áø³ë¸¦ ÇÇÇ϶ó°í
ÈÆ°èÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸·¾Ò´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀº ´Ù°¡¿À´Â Çϴóª¶óÀÇ ¼Ò½ÄÀ» ¼±Æ÷ÇÒ Áغñ°¡ µÇ°íµµ ³²¾ÒÁö¸¸, ¿¤¸®¾ß°¡ ¿À¸®¶ó´Â
ÀÌ ±â´ë(ÐêÓâ)´Â 2³âÀÌ ³Ñµµ·Ï ±×¸¦ ºÙµé¾î µÎ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ¿¤¸®¾ß°¡ ¾Æ´ÔÀ» ¾Ë¾Ò´Ù. ¸»¶ó±â°¡ ¹«½¼ ¶æÀ¸·Î
¸»Çߴ°¡? ±× ¿¹¾ðÀÌ ±ÛÀÚ ±×´ë·ÎÀΰ¡ ¾Æ´Ï¸é »ó¡Àΰ¡? ¾î¶»°Ô Áø½ÇÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖÀ»±î? ¸¶Ä§³», ù ¼±ÁöÀÚ°¡
¿¤¸®¾ß¶ó´Â À̸§À̾úÀ¸´Ï±î, ¸¶Áö¸· ¼±ÁöÀÚµµ ±Ã±Ø¿¡´Â ¶È°°Àº À̸§À¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁú °ÍÀ̶ó°í °¨È÷ »ý°¢Çß´Ù. ±×·±µ¥µµ
ÀǽÉÀÌ µé¾ú°í ÀÌ ÀǽÉÀº ¾ðÁ¦¶óµµ ÀÚ½ÅÀ» ¿¤¸®¾ß¶ó°í ÀÏÄÂÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé±â¿¡ ÃæºÐÇß´Ù.
135:4.5 (1499.5) ¿¤¸®¾ßÀÇ ¿µÇâ ¶§¹®¿¡, ¿äÇÑÀº °°Àº ½Ã´ë¿¡ »ì´ø »ç¶÷µéÀÇ ÁË¿Í ¾Ç´öÀ» Á÷Á¢ Åü¸í½º·´°Ô
°ø°ÝÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» äÅÃÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ¿¤¸®¾ßó·³ ¿ÊÀ» ÀÔ°í ¿¤¸®¾ßó·³ ¸»ÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù. °ÑÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â ¸ð½ÀÀ»
º¸¸é ±×´Â ¿¾ ¼±Áö¿Í ²À °°¾Ò´Ù. ¹Ù·Î ±×·¸°Ô Æ°Æ°ÇÏ°í ±×¸² °°Àº ÀÚ¿¬ÀÇ »ç¶÷ÀÌ¿ä, ¹Ù·Î ±×·¯ÇÑ °Ì ¾ø°í ´ã´ëÇÑ,
Á¤ÀÇ(ïáëù)¸¦ ºÎ¸£Â¢´Â ÀüµµÀÚ¿´´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀº ±ÛÀ» ¸ð¸£Áö ¾Ê¾Ò°í À¯´ëÀÎÀÇ ¼º½º·¯¿î ±â·ÏÀ» ÀÍÈ÷ ¾Ë¾ÒÁö¸¸, ±×°¡
±³¾çÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í Çϱâ´Â ¾î·Æ´Ù. ±×´Â »ý°¢ÀÌ ¶Ñ·ÇÇÑ »ç¶÷ÀÌ¿ä, ÈûÂ÷°Ô ¿ÜÄ¡´Â ¿¬¼³°¡¿ä, ºÒ °°ÀÌ ºñ³ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ¿´´Ù.
µµÀúÈ÷ ±× ½Ã´ë¿¡ º»º¸±â¶ó ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø¾úÁö¸¸, ±×´Â °Åħ¾øÀÌ ²Ù¢´Â ¼Ò¸®¿´´Ù.
135:4.6 (1499.6) ¸¶Ä§³» ±×´Â »õ ½Ã´ë, Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ³ª¶ó¸¦ ¼±Æ÷ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» »ý°¢Çس´Ù. ¸Þ½Ã¾Æ°¡
¿À´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë¸®´Â »çÀÚ°¡ µÇ¸®¶ó°í ÀÛÁ¤Çß´Ù. ¼±â 25³â 3¿ù ¾î´À ³¯, ±×´Â ¸ðµç ÀǽÉÀ» ¶³ÃÄ ¹ö¸®°í ¿¨°Ôµð¸¦
¶°³ª¼, ´ëÁß ÀüµµÀڷμ ª±â´Â ÇßÁö¸¸ Âù¶õÇÑ °æ·ÂÀ» ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù.
¡ãTop
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4. The Death
of Elizabeth
135:4.1 On August 17, A.D. 22, when John
was twenty-eight years of age, his mother suddenly passed away.
Elizabeth's friends, knowing of the Nazarite restrictions regarding
contact with the dead, even in one's own family, made all arrangements
for the burial of Elizabeth before sending for John. When he
received word of the death of his mother, he directed Ezda to
drive his herds to Engedi and started for Hebron.
135:4.2 On returning to Engedi from his mother's funeral, he
presented his flocks to the brotherhood and for a season detached
himself from the outside world while he fasted and prayed. John
knew only of the old methods of approach to divinity; he knew
only of the records of such as Elijah, Samuel, and Daniel. Elijah
was his ideal of a prophet. Elijah was the first of the teachers
of Israel to be regarded as a prophet, and John truly believed
that he was to be the last of this long and illustrious line
of the messengers of heaven.
135:4.3 For two and a half years John lived at Engedi, and he
persuaded most of the brotherhood that "the end of the
age was at hand"; that "the kingdom of heaven was
about to appear." And all his early teaching was based
upon the current Jewish idea and concept of the Messiah as the
promised deliverer of the Jewish nation from the domination
of their gentile rulers.
135:4.4 Throughout this period John read much in the sacred
writings which he found at the Engedi home of the Nazarites.
He was especially impressed by Isaiah and by Malachi, the last
of the prophets up to that time. He read and reread the last
five chapters of Isaiah, and he believed these prophecies. Then
he would read in Malachi: "Behold, I will send you Elijah
the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day
of the Lord; and he shall turn the hearts of the fathers toward
the children and the hearts of the children toward their fathers,
lest I come and smite the earth with a curse." And it was
only this promise of Malachi that Elijah would return that deterred
John from going forth to preach about the coming kingdom and
to exhort his fellow Jews to flee from the wrath to come. John
was ripe for the proclamation of the message of the coming kingdom,
but this expectation of the coming of Elijah held him back for
more than two years. He knew he was not Elijah. What did Malachi
mean? Was the prophecy literal or figurative? How could he know
the truth? He finally dared to think that, since the first of
the prophets was called Elijah, so the last should be known,
eventually, by the same name. Nevertheless, he had doubts, doubts
sufficient to prevent his ever calling himself Elijah.
135:4.5 It was the influence of Elijah that caused John to adopt
his methods of direct and blunt assault upon the sins and vices
of his contemporaries. He sought to dress like Elijah, and he
endeavored to talk like Elijah; in every outward aspect he was
like the olden prophet. He was just such a stalwart and picturesque
child of nature, just such a fearless and daring preacher of
righteousness. John was not illiterate, he did well know the
Jewish sacred writings, but he was hardly cultured. He was a
clear thinker, a powerful speaker, and a fiery denunciator.
He was hardly an example to his age, but he was an eloquent
rebuke.
135:4.6 At last he thought out the method of proclaiming the
new age, the kingdom of God; he settled that he was to become
the herald of the Messiah; he swept aside all doubts and departed
from Engedi one day in March of A.D. 25 to begin his short but
brilliant career as a public preacher.
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5.
Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ³ª¶ó
135:5.1 (1500.1) ¿äÇÑÀÌ ÀüÇÑ ¸»¾¸À» ÀÌÇØÇϱâ À§Çؼ´Â ±×°¡
È°µ¿ ¹«´ë¿¡ ³ªÅ¸³µ´ø ´ç½Ã¿¡ À¯´ë ¹ÎÁ·ÀÌ ¾î¶² »óÅ¿¡ ÀÖ¾ú´Â°¡¸¦ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. °ÅÀÇ 1¹é ³â µ¿¾È, ¿Â À̽º¶ó¿¤Àº
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¹ø¿µ°ú ±Ç·ÂÀ¸·Î º¸»óÀ» ¹Þ´Â´Ù°í ¸ð¼¼°¡ °¡¸£Ä¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Â°¡? ±×µéÀº Çϳª´ÔÀÌ ÅÃÇÑ ¹é¼ºÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¾ú´Â°¡? ¾î°¼
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¡ãTop
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5. The Kingdom
of God
135:5.1 In order to understand John's message,
account should be taken of the status of the Jewish people at
the time he appeared upon the stage of action. For almost one
hundred years all Israel had been in a quandary; they were at
a loss to explain their continuous subjugation to gentile overlords.
Had not Moses taught that righteousness was always rewarded
with prosperity and power? Were they not God's chosen people?
Why was the throne of David desolate and vacant? In the light
of the Mosaic doctrines and the precepts of the prophets the
Jews found it difficult to explain their long-continued national
desolation.
135:5.2 About one hundred years before the days of Jesus and
John a new school of religious teachers arose in Palestine,
the apocalyptists. These new teachers evolved a system of belief
that accounted for the sufferings and humiliation of the Jews
on the ground that they were paying the penalty for the nation's
sins. They fell back onto the well-known reasons assigned to
explain the Babylonian and other captivities of former times.
But, so taught the apocalyptists, Israel should take heart;
the days of their affliction were almost over; the discipline
of God's chosen people was about finished; God's patience with
the gentile foreigners was about exhausted. The end of Roman
rule was synonymous with the end of the age and, in a certain
sense, with the end of the world. These new teachers leaned
heavily on the predictions of Daniel, and they consistently
taught that creation was about to pass into its final stage;
the kingdoms of this world were about to become the kingdom
of God. To the Jewish mind of that day this was the meaning
of that phrase-the kingdom of heaven-which runs throughout the
teachings of both John and Jesus. To the Jews of Palestine the
phrase "kingdom of heaven" had but one meaning: an
absolutely righteous state in which God (the Messiah) would
rule the nations of earth in perfection of power just as he
ruled in heaven- "Your will be done on earth as in heaven."
135:5.3 In the days of John all Jews were expectantly asking,
"How soon will the kingdom come?" There was a general
feeling that the end of the rule of the gentile nations was
drawing near. There was present throughout all Jewry a lively
hope and a keen expectation that the consummation of the desire
of the ages would occur during the lifetime of that generation.
135:5.4 While the Jews differed greatly in their estimates of
the nature of the coming kingdom, they were alike in their belief
that the event was impending, near at hand, even at the door.
Many who read the Old Testament literally looked expectantly
for a new king in Palestine, for a regenerated Jewish nation
delivered from its enemies and presided over by the successor
of King David, the Messiah who would quickly be acknowledged
as the rightful and righteous ruler of all the world. Another,
though smaller, group of devout Jews held a vastly different
view of this kingdom of God. They taught that the coming kingdom
was not of this world, that the world was approaching its certain
end, and that "a new heaven and a new earth" were
to usher in the establishment of the kingdom of God; that this
kingdom was to be an everlasting dominion, that sin was to be
ended, and that the citizens of the new kingdom were to become
immortal in their enjoyment of this endless bliss.
135:5.5 All were agreed that some drastic purging or purifying
discipline would of necessity precede the establishment of the
new kingdom on earth. The literalists taught that a world-wide
war would ensue which would destroy all unbelievers, while the
faithful would sweep on to universal and eternal victory. The
spiritists taught that the kingdom would be ushered in by the
great judgment of God which would relegate the unrighteous to
their well-deserved judgment of punishment and final destruction,
at the same time elevating the believing saints of the chosen
people to high seats of honor and authority with the Son of
Man, who would rule over the redeemed nations in God's name.
And this latter group even believed that many devout gentiles
might be admitted to the fellowship of the new kingdom.
135:5.6 Some of the Jews held to the opinion that God might
possibly establish this new kingdom by direct and divine intervention,
but the vast majority believed that he would interpose some
representative intermediary, the Messiah. And that was the only
possible meaning the term Messiah could have had in the minds
of the Jews of the generation of John and Jesus. Messiah could
not possibly refer to one who merely taught God's will or proclaimed
the necessity for righteous living. To all such holy persons
the Jews gave the title of prophet. The Messiah was to be more
than a prophet; the Messiah was to bring in the establishment
of the new kingdom, the kingdom of God. No one who failed to
do this could be the Messiah in the traditional Jewish sense.
135:5.7 Who would this Messiah be? Again the Jewish teachers
differed. The older ones clung to the doctrine of the son of
David. The newer taught that, since the new kingdom was a heavenly
kingdom, the new ruler might also be a divine personality, one
who had long sat at God's right hand in heaven. And strange
as it may appear, those who thus conceived of the ruler of the
new kingdom looked upon him not as a human Messiah, not as a
mere man, but as " the Son of Man "-a Son of God-a
heavenly Prince, long held in waiting thus to assume the rulership
of the earth made new. Such was the religious background of
the Jewish world when John went forth proclaiming: "Repent,
for the kingdom of heaven is at hand!"
135:5.8 It becomes apparent, therefore, that John's announcement
of the coming kingdom had not less than half a dozen different
meanings in the minds of those who listened to his impassioned
preaching. But no matter what significance they attached to
the phrases which John employed, each of these various groups
of Jewish-kingdom expectants was intrigued by the proclamations
of this sincere, enthusiastic, rough-and-ready preacher of righteousness
and repentance, who so solemnly exhorted his hearers to "flee
from the wrath to come."
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6.
¿äÇÑÀÌ Àüµµ¸¦ ½ÃÀÛÇÏ´Ù
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ºó¹øÇÑ °÷À̾ú´Ù.
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Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ±¸¿øÀ» º¸¸®¶ó.¡¯¡±
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°¡¸£Ä¡°í ¸¹Àº Áú¹®¿¡ ´ë´äÇÏ·Á°í ¾Ö½è´Ù. À²¹ýÀÇ ±ÛÀÚ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó Á¤½ÅÀ» °¡¸£Ä¡¶ó°í ¼±»ýµé¿¡°Ô Ãæ°íÇÏ¿´´Ù. ºÎÀ¯ÇÑ
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Ãæ°íÇÏ¿´´Ù: ¡°½Ã´ëÀÇ ³¡À» À§ÇÏ¿© ÁغñÇ϶ó¡ªÇϴóª¶ó°¡ °¡±î¿ü´À´Ï¶ó.¡±
¡ãTop
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6. John
Begins to Preach
135:6.1 Early in the month of March, A.D.
25, John journeyed around the western coast of the Dead Sea
and up the river Jordan to opposite Jericho, the ancient ford
over which Joshua and the children of Israel passed when they
first entered the promised land; and crossing over to the other
side of the river, he established himself near the entrance
to the ford and began to preach to the people who passed by
on their way back and forth across the river. This was the most
frequented of all the Jordan crossings.
135:6.2 It was apparent to all who heard John that he was more
than a preacher. The great majority of those who listened to
this strange man who had come up from the Judean wilderness
went away believing that they had heard the voice of a prophet.
No wonder the souls of these weary and expectant Jews were deeply
stirred by such a phenomenon. Never in all Jewish history had
the devout children of Abraham so longed for the "consolation
of Israel" or more ardently anticipated "the restoration
of the kingdom." Never in all Jewish history could John's
message, "the kingdom of heaven is at hand," have
made such a deep and universal appeal as at the very time he
so mysteriously appeared on the bank of this southern crossing
of the Jordan.
135:6.3 He came from the herdsmen, like Amos. He was dressed
like Elijah of old, and he thundered his admonitions and poured
forth his warnings in the "spirit and power of Elijah."
It is not surprising that this strange preacher created a mighty
stir throughout all Palestine as the travelers carried abroad
the news of his preaching along the Jordan.
135:6.4 There was still another and a new feature about the
work of this Nazarite preacher: He baptized every one of his
believers in the Jordan " for the remission of sins. "
Although baptism was not a new ceremony among the Jews, they
had never seen it employed as John now made use of it. It had
long been the practice thus to baptize the gentile proselytes
into the fellowship of the outer court of the temple, but never
had the Jews themselves been asked to submit to the baptism
of repentance. Only fifteen months intervened between the time
John began to preach and baptize and his arrest and imprisonment
at the instigation of Herod Antipas, but in this short time
he baptized considerably over one hundred thousand penitents.
135:6.5 John preached four months at Bethany ford before starting
north up the Jordan. Tens of thousands of listeners, some curious
but many earnest and serious, came to hear him from all parts
of Judea, Perea, and Samaria. Even a few came from Galilee.
135:6.6 In May of this year, while he still lingered at Bethany
ford, the priests and Levites sent a delegation out to inquire
of John whether he claimed to be the Messiah, and by whose authority
he preached. John answered these questioners by saying: "Go
tell your masters that you have heard `the voice of one crying
in the wilderness,' as spoken by the prophet, saying, `make
ready the way of the Lord, make straight a highway for our God.
Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall
be brought low; the uneven ground shall become a plain, while
the rough places shall become a smooth valley; and all flesh
shall see the salvation of God.'"
135:6.7 John was a heroic but tactless preacher. One day when
he was preaching and baptizing on the west bank of the Jordan,
a group of Pharisees and a number of Sadducees came forward
and presented themselves for baptism. Before leading them down
into the water, John, addressing them as a group said: "Who
warned you to flee, as vipers before the fire, from the wrath
to come? I will baptize you, but I warn you to bring forth fruit
worthy of sincere repentance if you would receive the remission
of your sins. Tell me not that Abraham is your father. I declare
that God is able of these twelve stones here before you to raise
up worthy children for Abraham. And even now is the ax laid
to the very roots of the trees. Every tree that brings not forth
good fruit is destined to be cut down and cast into the fire."
(The twelve stones to which he referred were the reputed memorial
stones set up by Joshua to commemorate the crossing of the "twelve
tribes" at this very point when they first entered the
promised land.)
135:6.8 John conducted classes for his disciples, in the course
of which he instructed them in the details of their new life
and endeavored to answer their many questions. He counseled
the teachers to instruct in the spirit as well as the letter
of the law. He instructed the rich to feed the poor; to the
tax gatherers he said: "Extort no more than that which
is assigned you." To the soldiers he said: "Do no
violence and exact nothing wrongfully-be content with your wages."
While he counseled all: "Make ready for the end of the
age-the kingdom of heaven is at hand."
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7.
¿äÇÑÀÌ ºÏÀ¸·Î °¡´Ù
135:7.1 (1503.1) ¿äÇÑÀº ´Ù°¡¿À´Â ³ª¶ó¿Í ±× Àӱݿ¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
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ÁöÀû(ò±îÜ) ºÒÈ®½Ç¼ºÀº ±× ³ª¶ó°¡ Áï½Ã ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â °ÍÀÌ È®½ÇÇÏ´Ù´Â ½Å³äÀ» Á¶±Ýµµ ÁÙÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ¸Ó¸® ¼Ó¿¡¼
¿äÇÑÀº Çê°¥·ÈÀ»Áö ¸ð¸£Áö¸¸ ¿µÀûÀ¸·Î °áÄÚ ±×·¸Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ´Ù°¡¿À´Â ³ª¶ó¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© Á¶±Ýµµ ÀǽÉÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸,
¿¹¼ö°¡ ±× ³ª¶óÀÇ ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ°¡ µÉ °ÍÀΰ¡ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡, µµÀúÈ÷ È®½ÅÀÌ ¾ø¾ú´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀÌ ´ÙÀÀÇ ¿ÕÁ°¡ ȸº¹µÇ¸®¶ó´Â °ü³ä¿¡
¸Å´Þ¸®´Â ÇÑ, ´ÙÀÀÇ µµ½Ã¿¡¼ ÅÂ¾î³ ¿¹¼ö°¡ ¿À·§µ¿¾È °í´ëÇÏ´ø ±¸¿øÀÚ¶ó´Â ºÎ¸ðÀÇ °¡¸£Ä§Àº ÀÏ°ü¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â µíÇÏ¿´´Ù.
±×·¯³ª ¿µÀû ±¹°¡, ¶¥¿¡¼ Çö¼¼ÀÇ ½Ã´ë°¡ ³¡³´Ù´Â ±³¸® ÂÊÀ¸·Î ¸¶À½ÀÌ ´õ ±â¿ï¾úÀ» ¶§, ±×·¯ÇÑ »ç°ÇÀÌ »ý±æ
¶§ ¿¹¼ö°¡ ¹«½¼ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡ ¸ø °ßµð°Ô ÀǽÉÀÌ µé¾ú´Ù. ¾î¶² ¶§´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ÀǽÉÇßÀ¸³ª ÀǽÉÀÌ ¿À·¡ °¡Áö´Â
¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÌ ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »çÃÌ°ú À̾߱âÇÒ±î Á¤¸»·Î ¹Ù¶úÁö¸¸ ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±×µéÀÌ ¸í½ÃÇÑ ÇùÁ¤¿¡ ¾î±ß³µ´Ù.
135:7.2 (1503.2) ºÏÀ¸·Î ¿©ÇàÇÏ¸é¼ ¿äÇÑÀº ¿¹¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¸¹ÀÌ »ý°¢ÇØ º¸¾Ò´Ù. ¿ä´Ü°À» °Å½½·¯
¿Ã¶ó°¡¸é¼ ¸ØÃá µ¥´Â ¿µÎ °÷ÀÌ ³Ñ¾ú´Ù. ¾Æ´ã¿¡¼ Á¦ÀÚµéÀÌ ¡°´ç½ÅÀÌ ¸Þ½Ã¾Æ´ÏÀ̱î?¡± ´ÙÂ¥°íÂ¥ ´øÁø Áú¹®¿¡ ´äÇÏ¿©
¡°³» µÚ¿¡ ¿À½Ç ´Ù¸¥ ºÐ¡±À̶ó°í óÀ½À¸·Î ¾ð±ÞÇß´Ù. ±×´Â µ¡ºÙ¿© ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°³ªº¸´Ù ´õ Å« ºÐÀÌ ³» µÚ¿¡ ¿À½Ã¸®¶ó,
³ª´Â ¸öÀ» ±ÁÇô ±×ÀÇ ½Å ²öÀ» Ç® ¸¸ÇÑ ÀÚ°ÝÀÌ ¾ø³ë¶ó. ³ª´Â ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ¹°·Î ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ°Å´Ï¿Í ±×´Â ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ¼º·ÉÀ¸·Î
¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ¸®¶ó. µµ¸®±úÁúÇÏ´Â ¸¶´çÀ» »ô»ôÀÌ ±ú²ýÀÌ ÇÏ·Á°í ±×ÀÇ ¼Õ¿¡ »ðÀÌ ÀÖ´À´Ï¶ó. ±×´Â °îâÀ¸·Î ¹ÐÀ» ¸ðÀ¸°ÚÀ¸³ª
ÂßÁ¤ÀÌ´Â ½ÉÆÇÀÇ ºÒ¿¡ Å¿츮¶ó.¡±
135:7.3 (1503.3) Á¦ÀÚµéÀÇ ¹°À½¿¡ ´äÇÏ¿© ¿äÇÑÀº °¡¸£Ä§À» °è¼Ó È®´ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¡°´µ¿ìÄ¡°í ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ¹ÞÀ¸¶ó¡±´Â
¼ö¼ö²²³¢ °°Àº ÃʱâÀÇ ¸»°ú ºñ±³Çؼ À¯ÀÍÇÏ°í À§·ÎÇÏ´Â ¸»À» ³ª³¯ÀÌ ´õÇÏ¿´´Ù. À̶§°¡ µÇÀÚ, °¥¸±¸®¿Í µ¥Ä«Æú¸®½º·ÎºÎÅÍ
±ºÁßÀÌ µµÂøÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. ³¯¸¶´Ù ¿½É ÀÖ´Â ½ÅÀÚ ¸î½Ê ¸íÀÌ ¿ì·¯·¯º¸´Â ¼±»ý°ú ÇÔ²² ³²¾Æ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù.
¡ãTop
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7. John
Journeys North
135:7.1 John still had confused ideas about
the coming kingdom and its king. The longer he preached the
more confused he became, but never did this intellectual uncertainty
concerning the nature of the coming kingdom in the least lessen
his conviction of the certainty of the kingdom's immediate appearance.
In mind John might be confused, but in spirit never. He was
in no doubt about the coming kingdom, but he was far from certain
as to whether or not Jesus was to be the ruler of that kingdom.
As long as John held to the idea of the restoration of the throne
of David, the teachings of his parents that Jesus, born in the
City of David, was to be the long-expected deliverer, seemed
consistent; but at those times when he leaned more toward the
doctrine of a spiritual kingdom and the end of the temporal
age on earth, he was sorely in doubt as to the part Jesus would
play in such events. Sometimes he questioned everything, but
not for long. He really wished he might talk it all over with
his cousin, but that was contrary to their expressed agreement.
135:7.2 As John journeyed north, he thought much about Jesus.
He paused at more than a dozen places as he traveled up the
Jordan. It was at Adam that he first made reference to "
another one who is to come after me "in answer to the direct
question which his disciples asked him," Are you the Messiah?
" And he went on to say: "There will come after me
one who is greater than I, whose sandal straps I am not worthy
to stoop down and unloose. I baptize you with water, but he
will baptize you with the Holy Spirit. And his shovel is in
his hand thoroughly to cleanse his threshing floor; he will
gather the wheat into his garner, but the chaff will he burn
up with the judgment fire."
135:7.3 In response to the questions of his disciples John continued
to expand his teachings, from day to day adding more that was
helpful and comforting compared with his early and cryptic message:
"Repent and be baptized." By this time throngs were
arriving from Galilee and the Decapolis. Scores of earnest believers
lingered with their adored teacher day after day.
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8.
¿¹¼ö¿Í ¿äÇÑÀÌ ¸¸³ª´Ù
135:8.1 (1503.4) ¼±â 25³â 12¿ù¿¡ ¿ä´Ü°À» °Å½½·¯ ¿Ã¶ó°¡¸é¼
¿äÇÑÀÌ Æç¶ó ±Ùó¿¡ À̸£·¶´Âµ¥ À̶§°¡ µÇÀÚ ±×ÀÇ À̸§Àº ¿Â ÆÈ·¹½ºÅ¸Àο¡ µÎ·ç ÆÛÁ³°í, ±×°¡ ÇÑ ÀÏÀº °¥¸±¸®
È£¼ö µÑ·¹ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¸¶À» »ç¶÷ÀÌ ´ëÈÇÒ ¶§ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ À̾߱⠰Ÿ®°¡ µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¿¹¼ö´Â ¿äÇÑÀÌ ÀüÇÏ´Â ¸»¾¸¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©
ÁÁ°Ô ¸»Çß°í, ÀÌ°ÍÀº °¡¹ö³ª¿òÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷ÀÌ È¸°³ÇÏ°í ¼¼·Ê¹Þ´Â, ¿äÇÑÀÇ Á¾ÆÄ¿¡ ÇÕ¼¼ÇÏ°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú´Ù. ¿äÇÑÀÌ
Æç¶ó °¡±îÀÌ ÀüµµÇÒ ÀÚ¸®¸¦ ÀâÀº µÚ¿¡ °ð, 12¿ù¿¡ ¾îºÎ ¼¼º£´ëÀÇ ¾Æµé ¾ß°íº¸¿Í ¿äÇÑÀº ³»·Á°¬°í, ³ª¼¼ ¼¼·Ê¸¦
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µéÀº °ÍÀ» ¿¹¼ö¿¡°Ô º¸°íÇÏ¿´´Ù.
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8. Meeting
of Jesus and John
135:8.1 By December of A.D. 25, when John
reached the neighborhood of Pella in his journey up the Jordan,
his fame had extended throughout all Palestine, and his work
had become the chief topic of conversation in all the towns
about the lake of Galilee. Jesus had spoken favorably of John's
message, and this had caused many from Capernaum to join John's
cult of repentance and baptism. James and John the fishermen
sons of Zebedee had gone down in December, soon after John took
up his preaching position near Pella, and had offered themselves
for baptism. They went to see John once a week and brought back
to Jesus fresh, first-hand reports of the evangelist's work.
135:8.2 Jesus' brothers James and Jude had talked about going
down to John for baptism; and now that Jude had come over to
Capernaum for the Sabbath services, both he and James, after
listening to Jesus' discourse in the synagogue, decided to take
counsel with him concerning their plans. This was on Saturday
night, January 12, A.D. Jesus requested that they postpone the
discussion until the following day, when he would give them
his answer. He slept very little that night, being in close
communion with the Father in heaven. He had arranged to have
noontime lunch with his brothers and to advise them concerning
baptism by John. That Sunday morning Jesus was working as usual
in the boatshop. James and Jude had arrived with the lunch and
were waiting in the lumber room for him, as it was not yet time
for the midday recess, and they knew that Jesus was very regular
about such matters.
135:8.3 Just before the noon rest, Jesus laid down his tools,
removed his work apron, and merely announced to the three workmen
in the room with him, "My hour has come." He went
out to his brothers James and Jude, repeating, "My hour
has come¡ªlet us go to John." And they started immediately
for Pella, eating their lunch as they journeyed. This was on
Sunday, January 13. They tarried for the night in the Jordan
valley and arrived on the scene of John's baptizing about noon
of the next day.
135:8.4 John had just begun baptizing the candidates for the
day. Scores of repentants were standing in line awaiting their
turn when Jesus and his two brothers took up their positions
in this line of earnest men and women who had become believers
in John's preaching of the coming kingdom. John had been inquiring
about Jesus of Zebedee's sons. He had heard of Jesus' remarks
concerning his preaching, and he was day by day expecting to
see him arrive on the scene, but he had not expected to greet
him in the line of baptismal candidates.
135:8.5 Being engrossed with the details of rapidly baptizing
such a large number of converts, John did not look up to see
Jesus until the Son of Man stood in his immediate presence.
When John recognized Jesus, the ceremonies were halted for a
moment while he greeted his cousin in the flesh and asked, "But
why do you come down into the water to greet me?" And Jesus
answered, "To be subject to your baptism." John replied:
"But I have need to be baptized by you. Why do you come
to me?" And Jesus whispered to John: "Bear with me
now, for it becomes us to set this example for my brothers standing
here with me, and that the people may know that my hour has
come."
135:8.6 There was a tone of finality and authority in Jesus'
voice. John was atremble with emotion as he made ready to baptize
Jesus of Nazareth in the Jordan at noon on Monday, January 14,
A.D. Thus did John baptize Jesus and his two brothers James
and Jude. And when John had baptized these three, he dismissed
the others for the day, announcing that he would resume baptisms
at noon the next day. As the people were departing, the four
men still standing in the water heard a strange sound, and presently
there appeared for a moment an apparition immediately over the
head of Jesus, and they heard a voice saying, "This is
my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased." A great change
came over the countenance of Jesus, and coming up out of the
water in silence he took leave of them, going toward the hills
to the east. And no man saw Jesus again for forty days.
135:8.7 John followed Jesus a sufficient distance to tell him
the story of Gabriel' s visit to his mother ere either had been
born, as he had heard it so many times from his mother's lips.
He allowed Jesus to continue on his way after he had said, "Now
I know of a certainty that you are the Deliverer." But
Jesus made no reply.
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9.
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¿ÜÄ¡°í ¹°·Î ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ¾ú°í, Çϴóª¶ó°¡ °¡±î¿ü´Ù°í ¼±Æ÷ÇÏ¿´³ë¶ó. ÀÌÁ¦ ³ÊÈñ¿¡°Ô ¼º·ÉÀ¸·Î ¼¼·Ê ÁÙ ÀÌ°¡ ¿À´À´Ï¶ó.
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ÀÚ¶ó¡¯ÇÏ°í ¿ÜÄ¡´Â Çϳª´ÔÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³»°¡ µé¾ú³ë¶ó.¡±
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µ¹¾Æ°¬±â ¶§¹®¿¡, ¿äÇÑ°ú ÇÔ²² ¸ÔÀ¸·Á°í ¾É¾Ò´Ù.
135:9.9 (1506.2) ÀÌƱ³¯ ¾Æħ ÀÏÂï ±×´Â ¿äÇÑ°ú ±× Á¦ÀÚµéÀ» ¶°³ª¼ °¥¸±¸®·Î µ¹¾Æ°¬´Ù. ¾ðÁ¦ ´Ù½Ã
±×µéÀÌ ±×¸¦ º¼ °ÍÀΰ¡ ¾Æ¹« ¸»µµ ÀÏ·¯ÁÖÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Àüµµ¿Í »ç¸í¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¿äÇÑÀÌ ¹¯ÀÚ ¿¹¼ö´Â ÀÌ·¸°Ô
¸»ÇßÀ» »ÓÀÌ´Ù: ¡°³» ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ Áö³³¯¿¡ ÇϽŠ°Í °°ÀÌ, ÀÌÁ¦¿Í ¾Õ³¯¿¡µµ ³Ê¸¦ ¾È³»ÇϽø®¶ó.¡± À§´ëÇÑ ÀÌ µÎ
»ç¶÷Àº ±×³¯ ¾Æħ, ¿ä´Ü° µÏ¿¡¼ Çì¾îÁ³°í, À°Ã¼¸¦ ÀÔ°í ´Ù½Ã´Â ¼·Î ÀλçÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù.
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9. Forty Days of Preaching
135:9.1 When John returned to his disciples
(he now had some twenty-five or thirty who abode with him constantly),
he found them in earnest conference, discussing what had just
happened in connection with Jesus' baptism. They were all the
more astonished when John now made known to them the story of
the Gabriel visitation to Mary before Jesus was born, and also
that Jesus spoke no word to him even after he had told him about
this. There was no rain that evening, and this group of thirty
or more talked long into the starlit night. They wondered where
Jesus had gone, and when they would see him again.
135:9.2 After the experience of this day the preaching of John
took on new and certain notes of proclamation concerning the
coming kingdom and the expected Messiah. It was a tense time,
these forty days of tarrying, waiting for the return of Jesus.
But John continued to preach with great power, and his disciples
began at about this time to preach to the overflowing throngs
which gathered around John at the Jordan.
135:9.3 In the course of these forty days of waiting, many rumors
spread about the countryside and even to Tiberias and Jerusalem.
Thousands came over to see the new attraction in John's camp,
the reputed Messiah, but Jesus was not to be seen. When the
disciples of John asserted that the strange man of God had gone
to the hills, many doubted the entire story.
135:9.4 About three weeks after Jesus had left them, there arrived
on the scene at Pella a new deputation from the priests and
Pharisees at Jerusalem. They asked John directly if he was Elijah
or the prophet that Moses promised; and when John said, "I
am not," they made bold to ask, "Are you the Messiah?
" and John answered, "I am not." Then said these
men from Jerusalem: "If you are not Elijah, nor the prophet,
nor the Messiah, then why do you baptize the people and create
all this stir?" And John replied: "It should be for
those who have heard me and received my baptism to say who I
am, but I declare to you that, while I baptize with water, there
has been among us one who will return to baptize you with the
Holy Spirit."
135:9.5 These forty days were a difficult period for John and
his disciples. What was to be the relation of John to Jesus?
A hundred questions came up for discussion. Politics and selfish
preferment began to make their appearance. Intense discussions
grew up around the various ideas and concepts of the Messiah.
Would he become a military leader and a Davidic king? Would
he smite the Roman armies as Joshua had the Canaanites? Or would
he come to establish a spiritual kingdom? John rather decided,
with the minority, that Jesus had come to establish the kingdom
of heaven, although he was not altogether clear in his own mind
as to just what was to be embraced within this mission of the
establishment of the kingdom of heaven.
135:9.6 These were strenuous days in John's experience, and
he prayed for the return of Jesus. Some of John's disciples
organized scouting parties to go in search of Jesus, but John
forbade, saying: "Our times are in the hands of the God
of heaven; he will direct his chosen Son."
135:9.7 It was early on the morning of Sabbath, February 23,
that the company of John, engaged in eating their morning meal,
looked up toward the north and beheld Jesus coming to them.
As he approached them, John stood upon a large rock and, lifting
up his sonorous voice, said: "Behold the Son of God, the
deliverer of the world! This is he of whom I have said, `After
me there will come one who is preferred before me because he
was before me.' For this cause came I out of the wilderness
to preach repentance and to baptize with water, proclaiming
that the kingdom of heaven is at hand. And now comes one who
shall baptize you with the Holy Spirit. And I beheld the divine
spirit descending upon this man, and I heard the voice of God
declare, `This is my beloved Son in whom I am well pleased.'"
135:9.8 Jesus bade them return to their food while he sat down
to eat with John, his brothers James and Jude having returned
to Capernaum.
135:9.9 Early in the morning of the next day he took leave of
John and his disciples, going back to Galilee. He gave them
no word as to when they would again see him. To John's inquiries
about his own preaching and mission Jesus only said, "My
Father will guide you now and in the future as he has in the
past." And these two great men separated that morning on
the banks of the Jordan, never again to greet each other in
the flesh.
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10.
¿äÇÑÀÌ ³²ÂÊÀ¸·Î °¡´Ù
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¿äÇÑ¿¡°Ô´Â È¥¶õ¿¡ ºüÁø ½½Ç ºûÀÌ º¸¿´´Ù. °áÄÚ ¿¹¼ö¿¡°Ô ¼¼·Ê ÁÖ±â Àü¿¡ Çß´ø °Íó·³, ´Ù½Ã ÀüµµÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù.
¾î¶»°Ôµç ´Ù°¡¿À´Â ³ª¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ã¥ÀÓÀÌ Àڱ⠾î±ú¿¡ ´õ Áö¿öÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù°í ´À²¼´Ù. ±×´Â ÇÒ ÀÏÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ³¡³µ´Ù°í
´À²¼°í, ¾µ¾µÇÏ°í ¿Ü·Î¿ü´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×´Â ÀüµµÇÏ°í ¼¼·Ê¸¦ ÁÖ¸ç ³²ÂÊÀ¸·Î °è¼Ó ¿©ÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù.
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´Ù¸¥ ³²ÀÚÀÇ ¾Æ³»¸¦ ºÒ¹ýÀ¸·Î »©¾ÑÀº °Í ¶§¹®¿¡, ±â¾ï¿¡ ³²À» °ø°ÝÀ» ±×¿¡°Ô Æۺξú´Ù. ÀÌ ÇØ (¼±â 26³â)
6¿ùÀÌ µÇÀÚ, ¿äÇÑÀº ¿ä´Ü°ÀÇ º£´Ù´Ï ¿©¿ï·Î µ¹¾Æ°¬´Ù. °Å±â´Â 1³âµµ ´õ Àü¿¡, ´Ù°¡¿À´Â ³ª¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àüµµ¸¦
½ÃÀÛÇÑ °÷À̾ú´Ù. ¿¹¼ö°¡ ¼¼·Ê¹ÞÀº µÚ¿¡ ¸î ÁÖ µ¿¾È, ¿äÇÑÀÇ ¼³±³ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡Àº Â÷Ãû ¼¹Îµé¿¡°Ô ÀÚºñ¸¦ ¼±Æ÷ÇÏ´Â
°ÍÀ¸·Î ¹Ù²î¾ú°í, ÇÑÆí ±×´Â µÇ»ì¾Æ³ ¿Á¤À¸·Î ½âÀº Á¤Ä¡ ÁöµµÀÚ¿Í Á¾±³ ÁöµµÀÚµéÀ» ºñ³ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
135:10.3 (1506.5) ¿äÇÑÀº Çì·Ô ¾ÈƼÆĽºÀÇ ¿µÅä¿¡¼ ÀüµµÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Âµ¥, ¾ÈƼÆĽº´Â ¿äÇÑ°ú ±× Á¦ÀÚµéÀÌ
¹Ý¶õÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾ÊÀ»±î ³î¶ó°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù. Çì·ÔÀº ¶ÇÇÑ ¿äÇÑÀÌ ÀÚ±â Áý¾È ÀÏÀ» µå·¯³»³õ°í ºñ³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ºÐ°³ÇÏ¿´´Ù.
ÀÌ ¸ðµç °Í¿¡ ºñÃß¾î, Çì·ÔÀº ¿äÇÑÀ» Àâ¾Æ °¡µÎ±â·Î ÀÛÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. µû¶ó¼, 6¿ù 12ÀÏ ¾Æħ ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÏÂï, ¼³±³¸¦
µè°í ¼¼·Ê ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ±¸°æÇÏ·¯ ±ºÁßÀÌ µµÂøÇϱâ Àü¿¡, Çì·ÔÀÇ °ü¸®µéÀÌ ¿äÇÑÀ» üÆ÷Çß´Ù. ¸î ÁÖ°¡ Áö³ªµµ ¼®¹æµÇÁö
¾ÊÀÚ Á¦ÀÚµéÀº ¿Â ÆÈ·¹½ºÅ¸Àο¡ Èð¾îÁ³°í, ±× Áß¿¡ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷ÀÌ ¿¹¼öÀÇ ÃßÁ¾ÀÚµé°ú ÇÕ¼¼ÇÏ·Á°í °¥¸±¸®·Î °¬´Ù.
¡ãTop
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10. John
Journeys South
135:10.1 Since Jesus had gone north into
Galilee, John felt led to retrace his steps southward. Accordingly,
on Sunday morning, March 3, John and the remainder of his disciples
began their journey south. About one quarter of John's immediate
followers had meantime departed for Galilee in quest of Jesus.
There was a sadness of confusion about John. He never again
preached as he had before baptizing Jesus. He somehow felt that
the responsibility of the coming kingdom was no longer on his
shoulders. He felt that his work was almost finished; he was
disconsolate and lonely. But he preached, baptized, and journeyed
on southward.
135:10.2 Near the village of Adam, John tarried for several
weeks, and it was here that he made the memorable attack upon
Herod Antipas for unlawfully taking the wife of another man.
By June of this year (A.D. 26) John was back at the Bethany
ford of the Jordan, where he had begun his preaching of the
coming kingdom more than a year previously. In the weeks following
the baptism of Jesus the character of John's preaching gradually
changed into a proclamation of mercy for the common people,
while he denounced with renewed vehemence the corrupt political
and religious rulers.
135:10.3 Herod Antipas, in whose territory John had been preaching,
became alarmed lest he and his disciples should start a rebellion.
Herod also resented John's public criticisms of his domestic
affairs. In view of all this, Herod decided to put John in prison.
Accordingly, very early in the morning of June 12, before the
multitude arrived to hear the preaching and witness the baptizing,
the agents of Herod placed John under arrest. As weeks passed
and he was not released, his disciples scattered over all Palestine,
many of them going into Galilee to join the followers of Jesus.
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11.
¿äÇÑÀÌ °¤È÷´Ù
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ÀǽÉÇÒ À¯È¤À» ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù.
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´ëÁß È°µ¿¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© º¸°íÇÑ µÚ¿¡ ¸»Çß´Ù: ¡°¼±»ýÀÌ¿©, ÀÌ·±Áï ¿ä´Ü° »ó·ù¿¡¼ ´ç½Å°ú ÇÔ²² ÀÖ´ø ÀÚ´Â ¹ø¿µÇÏ°í
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11. John
in Prison
135:11.1 John had a lonely and somewhat
bitter experience in prison. Few of his followers were permitted
to see him. He longed to see Jesus but had to be content with
hearing of his work through those of his followers who had become
believers in the Son of Man. He was often tempted to doubt Jesus
and his divine mission. If Jesus were the Messiah, why did he
do nothing to deliver him from this unbearable imprisonment?
For more than a year and a half this rugged man of God's outdoors
languished in that despicable prison. And this experience was
a great test of his faith in, and loyalty to, Jesus. Indeed,
this whole experience was a great test of John's faith even
in God. Many times was he tempted to doubt even the genuineness
of his own mission and experience.
135:11.2 After he had been in prison several months, a group
of his disciples came to him and, after reporting concerning
the public activities of Jesus, said: "So you see, Teacher,
that he who was with you at the upper Jordan prospers and receives
all who come to him. He even feasts with publicans and sinners.
You bore courageous witness to him, and yet he does nothing
to effect your deliverance." But John answered his friends:
"This man can do nothing unless it has been given him by
his Father in heaven. You well remember that I said, `I am not
the Messiah, but I am one sent on before to prepare the way
for him.' And that I did. He who has the bride is the bridegroom,
but the friend of the bridegroom who stands near-by and hears
him rejoices greatly because of the bridegroom's voice. This,
my joy, therefore is fulfilled. He must increase but I must
decrease. I am of this earth and have declared my message. Jesus
of Nazareth comes down to the earth from heaven and is above
us all. The Son of Man has descended from God, and the words
of God he will declare to you. For the Father in heaven gives
not the spirit by measure to his own Son. The Father loves his
Son and will presently put all things in the hands of this Son.
He who believes in the Son has eternal life. And these words
which I speak are true and abiding."
135:11.3 These disciples were amazed at John's pronouncement,
so much so that they departed in silence. John was also much
agitated, for he perceived that he had uttered a prophecy. Never
again did he wholly doubt the mission and divinity of Jesus.
But it was a sore disappointment to John that Jesus sent him
no word, that he came not to see him, and that he exercised
none of his great power to deliver him from prison. But Jesus
knew all about this. He had great love for John, but being now
cognizant of his divine nature and knowing fully the great things
in preparation for John when he departed from this world and
also knowing that John's work on earth was finished, he constrained
himself not to interfere in the natural outworking of the great
preacher-prophet's career.
135:11.4 This long suspense in prison was humanly unbearable.
Just a few days before his death John again sent trusted messengers
to Jesus, inquiring: "Is my work done? Why do I languish
in prison? Are you truly the Messiah, or shall we look for another?"
And when these two disciples gave this message to Jesus, the
Son of Man replied: "Go back to John and tell him that
I have not forgotten but to suffer me also this, for it becomes
us to fulfill all righteousness. Tell John what you have seen
and heard¡ªthat the poor have good tidings preached to them-and,
finally, tell the beloved herald of my earth mission that he
shall be abundantly blessed in the age to come if he finds no
occasion to doubt and stumble over me." And this was the
last word John received from Jesus. This message greatly comforted
him and did much to stabilize his faith and prepare him for
the tragic end of his life in the flesh which followed so soon
upon the heels of this memorable occasion.
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12.
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12. Death
of John the Baptist
135:12.1 As John was working in southern
Perea when arrested, he was taken immediately to the prison
of the fortress of Machaerus, where he was incarcerated until
his execution. Herod ruled over Perea as well as Galilee, and
he maintained residence at this time at both Julias and Machaerus
in Perea. In Galilee the official residence had been moved from
Sepphoris to the new capital at Tiberias.
135:12.2 Herod feared to release John lest he instigate rebellion.
He feared to put him to death lest the multitude riot in the
capital, for thousands of Pereans believed that John was a holy
man, a prophet. Therefore Herod kept the Nazarite preacher in
prison, not knowing what else to do with him. Several times
John had been before Herod, but never would he agree either
to leave the domains of Herod or to refrain from all public
activities if he were released. And this new agitation concerning
Jesus of Nazareth, which was steadily increasing, admonished
Herod that it was no time to turn John loose. Besides, John
was also a victim of the intense and bitter hatred of Herodias,
Herod's unlawful wife.
135:12.3 On numerous occasions Herod talked with John about
the kingdom of heaven, and while sometimes seriously impressed
with his message, he was afraid to release him from prison.
135:12.4 Since much building was still going on at Tiberias,
Herod spent considerable time at his Perean residences, and
he was partial to the fortress of Machaerus. It was a matter
of several years before all the public buildings and the official
residence at Tiberias were fully completed.
135:12.5 In celebration of his birthday Herod made a great feast
in the Machaerian palace for his chief officers and other men
high in the councils of the government of Galilee and Perea.
Since Herodias had failed to bring about John's death by direct
appeal to Herod, she now set herself to the task of having John
put to death by cunning planning.
135:12.6 In the course of the evening's festivities and entertainment,
Herodias presented her daughter to dance before the banqueters.
Herod was very much pleased with the damsel's performance and,
calling her before him, said: "You are charming. I am much
pleased with you. Ask me on this my birthday for whatever you
desire, and I will give it to you, even to the half of my kingdom."
And Herod did all this while well under the influence of his
many wines. The young lady drew aside and inquired of her mother
what she should ask of Herod. Herodias said, "Go to Herod
and ask for the head of John the Baptist." And the young
woman, returning to the banquet table, said to Herod, "I
request that you forthwith give me the head of John the Baptist
on a platter."
135:12.7 Herod was filled with fear and sorrow, but because
of his oath and because of all those who sat at meat with him,
he would not deny the request. And Herod Antipas sent a soldier,
commanding him to bring the head of John. So was John that night
beheaded in the prison, the soldier bringing the head of the
prophet on a platter and presenting it to the young woman at
the rear of the banquet hall. And the damsel gave the platter
to her mother. When John's disciples heard of this, they came
to the prison for the body of John, and after laying it in a
tomb, they went and told Jesus.
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